This mixed-method study examined self-reported leadership behavior among emergency and critical care nurses at a tertiary public hospital in Honduras, analyzing factors associated with transformational leadership and related organizational outcomes.
Humanized care was a positive predictor of transformational leadership (p = 0.042), while self-perceived clinical experience (p = 0.001) and teamwork incentive (p = 0.013) were negatively associated with it; qualitative themes identified structural barriers including workload, staffing shortages, and organizational culture constraints.
- Study conducted in a single tertiary hospital in Honduras, limiting generalizability even within low-income settings. - Sample size for the qualitative phase was small (n=17 interviews), which may not capture full range of experiences. - Full quantitative sample size is not reported in the abstract, making effect size interpretation difficult.
In resource-limited emergency and critical care settings, fostering humanized care practices may support transformational nursing leadership more than relying on clinical experience alone. Nurse managers should advocate for structural reforms — adequate staffing, supervision, and organizational culture change — alongside leadership education.
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