An international e-Delphi consensus process (ACT-UP!) conducted by the World Allergy Organization (WAO) to establish expert agreement on the use and best practices of precautionary allergen labelling (PAL) across diverse stakeholder groups.
Delphi methodology relies on expert opinion rather than primary experimental data, which may introduce professional or geographic bias among panelists; consensus statements may not fully capture regional regulatory differences in PAL requirements.
Clinicians advising food-allergic patients should be aware that WAO has issued formal consensus guidance on interpreting and acting on precautionary allergen labels (e.g., 'may contain'); align patient counselling with these updated international standards.
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