# paper.pdf ## Metadata - PDFFormatVersion=1.6 - Language=en-US - IsLinearized=true - IsAcroFormPresent=false - IsXFAPresent=false - IsCollectionPresent=false - IsSignaturesPresent=false - CreationDate=D:20260516111445+05'30' - Creator=Adobe InDesign 17.4 (Windows) - ModDate=D:20260516115142+05'30' - Producer=Adobe PDF Library 16.0.7 - Trapped=False - xmpmm:instanceid=uuid:eaf6fcfb-a025-41f7-8215-70e01b3c2422 - xmpmm:originaldocumentid=xmp.did:A33916180F2068118083ACD1B377E157 - xmpmm:documentid=xmp.id:1e89781e-4fd2-0247-9412-9f8e3fa907c6 - xmpmm:renditionclass=proof:pdf - xmpmm:derivedfrom=xmp.iid:452ad270-2592-594c-a16e-82722fd3991exmp.did:452ad270-2592-594c-a16e-82722fd3991exmp.did:A33916180F2068118083ACD1B377E157default - xmpmm:history=convertedfrom application/x-indesign to application/pdfAdobe InDesign 17.4 (Windows)/2026-05-16T11:14:45+05:30 - xmp:createdate=2026-05-16T11:14:45+05:30 - xmp:modifydate=2026-05-16T11:51:42+05:30 - xmp:metadatadate=2026-05-16T11:51:42+05:30 - xmp:creatortool=Adobe InDesign 17.4 (Windows) - xmprights:marked=False - photoshop:modifydate=2019-01-31T16:16:25 - photoshop:createdate=2019-01-24T11:43:46 - dc:format=application/pdf - pdf:producer=Adobe PDF Library 16.0.7 - pdf:trapped=False - extensisfontsense:slug=3023672065GraphikOpenType - PS3023672065--0Graphik-Bold1.0011904271029GraphikOpenType - PS1904271029--0Graphik-Regular1.0012428528031News Gothic MT OTOpenType - PS2428528031Monotype Typography0NewsGothicMTOT-Regular1.000543760319News Gothic MT OTOpenType - PS543760319Monotype Typography0NewsGothicMTOT-Bold1.0002785939051KnockoutOpenType - PS2785939051--0Knockout-68FullFeatherwt1.200423856041Graphik X CondOpenType - PS423856041--0GraphikXCond-Super1.0001526035435Graphik X CondOpenType - PS1526035435--0GraphikXCond-Bold1.0003093728306Graphik CondOpenType - PS3093728306--0GraphikCond-Black1.0011341118539Graphik CondOpenType - PS1341118539--0GraphikCond-Regular1.0011385893531GraphikOpenType - PS1385893531--0Graphik-Semibold1.0012986479693Graphik CompactOpenType - PS2986479693--0GraphikCompact-Regular1.0024223138361Graphik CompactOpenType - PS4223138361--0GraphikCompact-Semibold1.0023673047546Harding SevenOpenType - PS3673047546--0HardingSeven-Extrabold0.000103712566Harding SevenOpenType - PS103712566--0HardingSeven-Roman0.0002232452979Harding SevenOpenType - PS2232452979--0HardingSeven-Medium0.000631916388Harding SevenOpenType - PS631916388--0HardingSeven-Bold0.000157629484Publico BannerOpenType - PS157629484--0PublicoBanner-Black1.005 ## Contents ### Page 1 nature immunologyhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-026-02517-3ArticleA glycan-based adjuvant expands the breadth and duration of protection of mRNA-based vaccinesIn the format provided by the authors and uneditedSupplementary information ### Page 2 Supplementary information: Statistical significance with P-values.Figure 1.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. b) Statistical significance is indicated as ***p= 0.0007(D28: IgG2c) and ****p < 0.0001 for rest of the comparisons. c) *p= 0.0363 (D28: WA1) and ****p< 0.0001. d) ****p < 0.0001. e) *p= 0.0267 (D28: WA1), ***p= 0.0009 (D35: WA1), *p= 0.0482(D28: BA.11), **p= 0.0058 (D35: WA1 vs BA.1) and ****p < 0.0001. f-h) ns= not significant(WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA). j) **p= 0.0026 (D21: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p=0.0075 (D21: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0006 (D28: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0023 (D56: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum), **p= 0.0036 (D84:WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum), **p= 0.0026 (D180: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum), and****p < 0.0001. k) *p= 0.0107 (D56: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0097 (D56:WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0254 (D84: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p=0.0094 (D84: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0013 (D500-ASC: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0004 (D500-ASC: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0004(D500-LLPC: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0002 (D500-LLPC: WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+MA). l) **p= 0.0023 (D35: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0001 (D35:WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0001 (D56: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p=0.0012 (D84: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA) and ****p < 0.0001. m) *p= 0.0403 (D35:WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0064 (D35: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p=0.0046 (D56: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0010 (D56: WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0005 (D84: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA) and ****p < 0.0001. ### Page 3 Figure 2.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. b) Statistical significance is indicated as *p= 0.0431(D28: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum), **p= 0.0030 (D28: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0012 (D35: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum), **p= 0.0078 (D56:WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA). c) *p= 0.0493 (D35: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum),**p= 0.0036 (D56: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum), ***p= 0.0005 (D84: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA). d, WA1 spike) *p= 0.0327 (D14: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0189(D14: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0009 (D21: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0222 (D56: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum), ***p= 0.0004 (D56:WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0006 (D84: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0077 (D500: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA). d, BA.4/5 spike)***p= 0.0005 (D14: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0005 (D14: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0015 (D21: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0299 (D21:WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0005 (D28: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p=0.0072 (D28: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0004 (D35: WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0073 (D35: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0079 (D56:WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0006 (D84: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA). d, XBB.1.5 spike) ***p= 0.0003 (D28: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p=0.0005 (D28: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0012 (D56: WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0009 (D56: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0001 (D84:WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0101 (D84: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p=0.0362 (D500: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0362 (500: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA). e) ***p= 0.0002 (BA.4/5 spike: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0004(BA.4/5 spike: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA). f) ***p= 0.0001 (WA1 spike:WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), **p= 0.0087 (BA.4/5 spike: WA1mRNA vs ### Page 4 WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0143 (BA.4/5 spike: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0003(XBB.1.5 spike: WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0006 (XBB.1.5 spike: WA1mRNA+Alumvs WA1mRNA+MA). g) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0003 (D500, BA.4/5 spike) ***p=0.0010 (D500, XBB.1.5 spike), WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0004 (D500, BA.4/5spike) ***p= 0.0010 (D500, XBB.1.5 spike). h) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0029 (D35-WA1) *p= 0.0166 (D35-BA.5 ), ***p= 0.0001 (D56-WA1) ***p= 0.0001 (D56-BA.1),WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0230 (D35-WA1) **p= 0.0040 (D35-BA.5 ), **p=0.0055 (D56-WA1) **p= 0.0051 (D56-BA.1).Figure 3.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. i) Statistical significance is indicated as ***p= 0.0007(WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA) and **** p<0.0001.Figure 4.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. b) Statistical significance is indicated as ***p= 0.0005(WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vs WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA) and **** p<0.0001. c)WA1mRNA+WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: ***p= 0.0001 (XBB.1.5),WA1mRNA+WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0003 (BA.5), ***p= 0.0002(WA1), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vs WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0150 (XBB.1.5),*p= 0.0229 (BA.5), **p= 0.0014 (WA1), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA vsXBB.1.5mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: *p= 0.0107 (BA.5), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vsXBB.1.5mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: **p= 0.0014 (XBB.1.5). d) WA1mRNA+WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0053 (WA1), ***p= 0.0007 (BA.5),WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vs WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0013 (WA1), *p= 0.0136 ### Page 5 (BA.5), *p= 0.0100 (XBB.1.5), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA vsXBB.1.5mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: *p= 0.0291 (BA.5), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vsXBB.1.5mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: *p= 0.0226 (XBB.1.5). e) WA1mRNA+WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0083 (WA1), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vsWA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0005 (WA1), *p= 0.0466 (XBB.1.5),WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA vs XBB.1.5mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: *p= 0.0291 (BA.5),WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vs XBB.1.5mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: *p= 0.0149 (XBB.1.5). f)WA1mRNA+WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0106 (TFH), ***p= 0.0001(IFNg), *p= 0.0108 (ASC), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA vs WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA: *p=0.0323 (TFH), **p= 0.0020 (IFNg), *p= 0.0146 (ASC), WA1mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA+MA vsXBB.1.5mRNA+XBB.1.5mRNA: *p= 0.0159 (TFH), **p= 0.0022 (IFNg), **p= 0.0013 (ASC).Figure 6.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. b) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0002 (Sal),WA1mRNA: **p= 0.0064 (Sal vs Ana), ***p= 0.0001 (Sal vs Ana). c) WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0002 (BGC, Sal), ***p= 0.0066 (BGC, Ana), WA1mRNA: *p= 0.0189 (TFH,Sal vs Ana). WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0009 (BGC, Sal vs Ana), ***p= 0.0004 (BGC, Sal vs V765). d)WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0001 (BA.5, Sal), **p= 0.0015 (XBB.1.5, Ana), **p=0.0015 (XBB.1.5, Ana), WA1mRNA: **p= 0.0010 (WA1, Sal vs Ana), **p= 0.0036 (WA1, Sal vsV765). e) WA1mRNA: **p= 0.0067 (WA1, Sal vs Ana), **p= 0.0045 (WA1, Sal vs V765). g)WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0006 (Iso), WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0012 (Isol vs αIFNs).h) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0001 (Iso). i) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: **p=0.0024 (WA1, Iso), **p= 0.0037 (BA.5, αIFNs). WA1mRNA: *p= 0.0119 (WA1, Iso vs αIFNs), *p=0.0417 (BA.5, Iso vs αIFNs). j) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0297 (WA1, αIFNs), ***p= ### Page 6 0.0008 (XBB.1.5, Iso). WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0003 (XBB.1.5, Iso vs αIFNs). k) WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0354 (αIFNs). m) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0001 (WA1),***p= 0.0002 (BA.4/5), ***p= 0.0002 (XBB.1.5). WA1mRNA (WT vs Il1rn-/-): ***p= 0.0008 (WA1),**p= 0.0052 (BA.4/5), *p= 0.0423 (XBB.1.5). WT-WA1mRNA+MA vs Il1rn-/--WA1mRNA: *p=0.0157 (XBB.1.5). n) WT-WA1mRNA+MA vs Il1rn-/--WA1mRNA: **p= 0.0078 (XBB.1.5).Figure 7.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. b) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0020 (D42),**p= 0.0011 (D60). c) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0022 (D60-WA1), ***p= 0.0004(D90-WA1), ***p= 0.0001 (D180-WA1), ***p= 0.0001 (D90-BA.4/5), ***p= 0.0001 (D120-XBB.1.5),***p= 0.0001 (D180-XBB.1.5). e) **p= 0.0042 (MA vs WA1mRNA), ***p= 0.0005 (MA vsWA1mRNA+MA). g) MA vs WA1mRNA: *p= 0.0497 (Peribronchiolar), MA vs WA1mRNA+MA:*p= 0.0132 (Alveolar), **p= 0.0011 (Peribronchiolar), WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0209(Alveolar), *p= 0.0364 (Peribronchiolar).Figure 8.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. c) Statistical significance is indicated as **p= 0.0010(Alum10μg/mL+Mannan10μg/mL vs Alum10μg/mL+Mannan20μg/mL). d) ***p= 0.0003 (Mannan20μg/mL vs Alum10μg/mL+Mannan 20μg/mL). e) *p= 0.0190 (Alum10μg/mL+Mannan10μg/mL vsAlum10μg/mL+Mannan 20μg/mL) and **** p<0.0001. ### Page 7 Extended Data FiguresExtended Data Figure 1.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. b) Statistical significance is indicated as ***p= 0.0002(IgG, D28), ***p= 0.0007 (IgG1, D14). c) *p= 0.0423 (D14), **p= 0.0068, ***p= 0.0009 (D28). i)***p= 0.0001 (IgG1, D21: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0251 (IgG2c, D21:WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0001 (IgG2c, D21: WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA), ***p= 0.0008 (IgG2c, D28: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA).Extended Data Figure 3.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001,ns: not significant unless otherwise stated. b) Statistical significance is indicated as ***p= 0.0009(D28: WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA), *p= 0.0402 (D56: WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+Alum). c) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0001 (D28), ***p= 0.0005 (D35),***p= 0.0001 (D84), *p= 0.0116 (D500). WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0005(D14), ***p= 0.0003 (D28), *p= 0.0119 (D35), **p= 0.0093 (D56), **p= 0.0013 (D84), *p= 0.0457(D500). d) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0007 (D84). WA1mRNA+Alum vsWA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0060 (D56), **p= 0.0050 (D84).Extended Data Figure 4.Statistical significance was defined as follows: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001, ns:not significant unless otherwise stated. a, WA1 spike) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0327(D14). WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0189 (D14), ***p= 0.0009 (D21), ***p= 0.0004(D56), ***p= 0.0006 (D84), **p= 0.0077 (D500). WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+Alum: *p= 0.0222(D56). a, BA.4/5 spike) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0005 (D14), **p= 0.0015 (D21),***p= 0.0005 (D28), ***p= 0.0004 (D35). WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0005 ### Page 8 (D14), *p= 0.0299 (D21), **p= 0.0072 (D28), **p= 0.0073 (D35), **p= 0.0079 (D56), ***p= 0.0006(D84). a, XBB.1.5 spike) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0001 (D28), **p= 0.0019 (D56),*p= 0.0284 (D500). WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0003 (D28), **p= 0.0014 (D56),**p= 0.0086 (D84), *p= 0.0284 (D500). b) WA1 spike vs BA.4/BA.5/BA.5.2 spike: **p= 0.0028(D56), **p= 0.0019 (D84), **p= 0.0036 (D500).Extended Data Figure 5.Statistical significance was defined as follows: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001, ns:not significant unless otherwise stated. a) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0008 (D35-IgG), ***p= 0.0004 (D56-IgG), **p= 0.0021 (D35-IgG2c), **p= 0.0021 (D35-IgG2c). WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+AS04: **p= 0.0025 (D35-IgG), *p= 0.0137 (D56-IgG). WA1mRNA+AS04 vsWA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0010 (D35-IgG2c), ***p= 0.0001 (D56-IgG2c). b) WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+AS04: **p= 0.0067 (TFH), *p= 0.0348 (BGC). WA1mRNA+AS04 vs WA1mRNA+MA:**p= 0.0028 (TFH), **p= 0.0014 (BGC). c) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0117 (WA1), ***p=0.0005 (XBB.1.5). WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+AS04: **p= 0.0037 (BA.4/5). WA1mRNA+AS04 vsWA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0049 (BA.4/5), *p= 0.0445 (XBB.1.5). d) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA:**p= 0.0029 (BA.5). WA1mRNA+AS04 vs WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0050 (BA.5).Extended Data Figure 6.Statistical significance was defined as follows: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001, ns:not significant unless otherwise stated. i) XBB.1.5mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0054 (heavychain), **p= 0.0088 (heavy chain-IgG).Extended Data Figure 7.Statistical significance was defined as follows: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001, ns:not significant unless otherwise stated. c) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0005 (D1, ### Page 9 weight). WA1mRNA+Alum vs WA1mRNA+MA: §§p= 0.0078 (D1, weight), §§§p= 0.0002 (D3,weight).Extended Data Figure 8.Statistical significance was defined as follows: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001, ns:not significant unless otherwise stated. a) WA1mRNA: ***p= 0.0002 (24hrs after prime).WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0027 (Sal, 24hrs after boost). b) WA1mRNA vsWA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0029 (Sal, IgG1), *p= 0.0270 (Sal, IgG2c). WA1mRNA: **p= 0.0021 (Salvs Ana, IgG1), ***p= 0.0009 (Sal vs V765, IgG1), **p= 0.0047 (Sal vs V765, IgG2c).WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0005 (Sal vs Ana, IgG2c). c) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0112(Iso, IgG1), *p= 0.0411 (Iso, IgG2c). WA1mRNA+MA: **p= 0.0069 (Iso vs αIFNs, IgG1). d)WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0149 (IFN-α). WA1mRNA+MA vs WA1mRNA+MA+Ana:#p= 0.0226 (IFNγ). #p= 0.0415 (IFN-α). e) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: *p= 0.0485 (IL-1β)WA1mRNA+MA vs WA1mRNA+MA+αIFNs: #p= 0.0222 (IL-1β). f) Saline vs WA1mRNA: *p=0.0244 (IL-1β, WT), **p= 0.0011 (IL-1β, Il1rn-/-), **p= 0.0019 (IFN-α, WT), **p= 0.0002 (IFN-α,Il1rn-/-), **p= 0.0052 (CXCL-10, Il1rn-/-). WT-WA1mRNA vs WT-WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0009 (IL-1β), ***p= 0.0004 (IFN-α). WA1mRNA (WT vs Il1rn-/-): **p= 0.0076 (IL-1β), *p= 0.0206 (CXCL10).g) WA1mRNA vs WA1mRNA+MA: ***p= 0.0002 (IgG1), ***p= 0.0004 (IgG2c). WA1mRNA (WTvs Il1rn-/-): ***p= 0.0002 (IgG2c).Extended Data Figure 10.Statistical significance was defined as follows: * p<0.05, **** p<0.0001, ns: not significant unlessotherwise stated. b) Statistical significance is indicated as *p= 0.0241 (Saline vs Alum10μg/mL),*p= 0.0119 (Alum 2μg/mL vs Alum10μg/mL), *p= 0.0141 (Alum10μg/mL+Mannan10μg/mL vsAlum10μg/mL+Mannan 20μg/mL) and **** p<0.0001.