➢ Neurological injury remains the most common reason for ligation following total hip arthroplasty.

➢ The main risk factors for neurological injury following total hip arthroplasty are preexisting spinal pathology, revision surgery, complex hip anatomy, female sex, surgeon inexperience, and excessive limb lengthening.

➢ Postoperative pelvic computed tomographic scans may be used to assess component positioning and identify any compressive hematomas. Magnetic resonance imaging with a metal artifact reduction protocol may be used to evaluate architectural changes in the affected nerve.

➢ Electromyography and nerve conduction studies may help to assess the level and grade of the nerve injury. These tests are most useful when performed in patients who show no signs of neurological improvement 3 to 6 weeks after surgery.

➢ The mainstay of nonoperative management is supportive care with physical therapy, an ankle-foot orthosis, and neuropathic pain treatment.

➢ The prognosis for a femoral nerve injury is generally more favorable than that for a sciatic nerve injury following total hip arthroplasty.