2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:Tbfd,Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) often exhibit impairments in executive functioning, including nonverbal reasoning. However, little is known about how nonverbal reasoning interacts with illness duration, influences ED symptom changes over time, or differentially affects phenotypically distinct EDs. This study examined associations among nonverbal reasoning, illness duration, and changes in ED symptoms in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Adults with AN or BN (N = 83; mean age = 25.9) completed baseline assessments of ED symptoms, illness duration, nonverbal reasoning, height, weight, and anxiety and depressive symptoms. ED symptoms and weight were reassessed at 3 and 6 months after baseline. Linear regression analysis and multilevel modeling were used to evaluate associations between nonverbal reasoning, illness duration, and ED symptom trajectories. In the AN group, longer illness duration was significantly associated with poorer baseline nonverbal reasoning, even after adjusting for BMI. There was no significant association between illness duration and nonverbal reasoning in the BN group. Among individuals with BN, better baseline nonverbal reasoning predicted a greater reduction in ED symptoms over 6 months, while poorer baseline nonverbal reasoning was associated with no significant change in symptoms. In AN, nonverbal reasoning did not predict ED symptom change from baseline to follow-up. In AN, longer illness duration was linked to poorer nonverbal reasoning, whereas in BN, better nonverbal reasoning predicted improvement in symptoms over time. These findings support the relevance of nonverbal reasoning to AN and BN. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the findings and gain additional insights into associations among nonverbal reasoning, illness duration, and ED symptoms. Many individuals with eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa [AN] and bulimia nervosa [BN]) have a long course of illness, and existing treatments are ineffective for many people with AN and BN. Underlying factors that could help explain these outcomes are unclear. Growing evidence suggests that cognitive function (i.e., mental processes involved in gathering and processing information) may help clarify why eating disorders persist for some individuals. We tested whether nonverbal reasoning, or the ability to solve problems using visual information, is related to length of eating disorder illness and eating disorder symptoms in individuals with AN and BN over a 6-month period. A longer illness length was related to poorer nonverbal reasoning in AN but not BN. Poorer nonverbal reasoning was related to worse eating disorder symptoms over time in BN, but not AN. These results suggest that there may be a distinct link between a longer course of illness and nonverbal reasoning for individuals with AN. Results also suggest that nonverbal reasoning abilities may be important to address in treatment for BN because nonverbal reasoning may maintain symptoms over time for these individuals.31:T4ae,Anorexia nervosa (AN) often requires nutritional rehabilitation including nasogastric feeding. However, achieving shared treatment goals between clinicians, patients, and families can be challenging. Weight prediction can be a valuable tool in this process; however, conventional approaches rely largely on clinical experience and lack precision. We therefore developed a simplified calorie-based weight prediction model grounded in the revised Harris-Benedict equation. This case report describes the clinical application of this model in a woman in her twenties with AN. By visualizing predicted weight trajectories under different caloric intake strategies, the model facilitated consensus building between the patient, her family, and the treatment team, leading to the acceptance of nasogastric feeding and structured behavioral therapy. The present case may suggest the potential utility of a calorie-based weight prediction model as a dynamic, noninvasive, and quantitative tool for inpatient management of AN. While the approach could facilitate understanding and agreement regarding treatment for AN, further evaluation in larger cohorts is required to assess accuracy and clinical impact.32:T6a2,Abstract Background Anorexia nervosa (AN) often requires nutritional rehabilitation including nasogastric feeding. However, achieving shared treatment goals between clinicians, patients, and families can be challenging. Weight prediction can be a valuable tool in this process; however, conventional approaches rely largely on clinical experience and lack precision. We therefore developed a simplified calorie-based weight prediction model grounded in the revised Harris–Benedict equation. Case presentation This case report describes the clinical application of this model in a woman in her twenties with AN. By visualizing predicted weight trajectories under different caloric intake strategies, the model facilitated consensus building between the patient, her family, and the treatment team, leading to the acceptance of nasogastric feeding and structured behavioral therapy. Conclusions The present case may suggest the potential utility of a calorie-based weight prediction model as a dynamic, noninvasive, and quantitative tool for inpatient management of AN. While the approach could facilitate understanding and agreement regarding treatment for AN, further evaluation in larger cohorts is required to assess accuracy and clinical impact. 33:Ta1e,Online training programs offer accessible, cost-effective solutions to disseminate evidence-based interventions. Yet, online training is typically insufficient without additional clinical case consultation (CCC). This is particularly salient in adolescent eating disorders treatment, where clinical demand far outstrips capacities of providers trained in evidence-based treatment approaches. This study seeks to better understand attitudes and barriers to receiving CCC among private practice clinicians treating adolescent eating disorders. Licensed private practice clinicians (n = 47; 100% female, average age 36 y old; 75% master's degree; average of 4y experience) across the United States enrolled in a randomized trial offering online training (webinar or e-learning) in family-based treatment (FBT) for anorexia nervosa. Post online training, participants were asked before and after 12 sessions of expert CCC to self-report attitudes and barriers to obtaining CCC. Prior to CCC, participants rated expert CCC in learning FBT as important/very important (100%). The majority participated in CCC since licensure (82%) and in the last year (68%), rating it valuable or very valuable (77%). Participants predicted that CCC would be valuable (96%) and an important motivation in completing the training study (96%). After CCC, participants viewed CCC as important/very important in learning FBT (94%). Common obstacles included finding a study-eligible patient (44%), scheduling constraints (19%), lost wages (16%), mismatch with consultant (3%), and hesitation to discuss cases (3%). Clinicians reported favorable perspectives on CCC in complimenting learning FBT via online training. Future studies are needed to determine methods to deliver, assess, and scale CCC to enhance treatment fidelity. This study seeks to better understand attitudes and barriers to receiving clinical case consultation (CCC) among clinicians treating adolescent eating disorders in private practice settings. Clinicians answered questionnaires before and after receiving CCC as part of a larger randomized clinical trial investigating online training methods for family-based treatment (FBT). Private practice clinicians viewed CCC as valuable and important for learning FBT via online training. Common barriers to receiving CCC included practical issues such as finding an eligible study patient, scheduling conflicts, and lost wages. The findings suggest that integrating CCC with online training may be an important component when disseminating evidence-based treatments via online training formats.34:Ta01,Abstract Background Online training programs offer accessible, cost-effective solutions to disseminate evidence-based interventions. Yet, online training is typically insufficient without additional clinical case consultation (CCC). This is particularly salient in adolescent eating disorders treatment, where clinical demand far outstrips capacities of providers trained in evidence-based treatment approaches. This study seeks to better understand attitudes and barriers to receiving CCC among private practice clinicians treating adolescent eating disorders. Methods Licensed private practice clinicians ( n = 47; 100% female, average age 36 y old; 75% master’s degree; average of 4y experience) across the United States enrolled in a randomized trial offering online training (webinar or e-learning) in family-based treatment (FBT) for anorexia nervosa. Post online training, participants were asked before and after 12 sessions of expert CCC to self-report attitudes and barriers to obtaining CCC. Results Prior to CCC, participants rated expert CCC in learning FBT as important/very important (100%). The majority participated in CCC since licensure (82%) and in the last year (68%), rating it valuable or very valuable (77%). Participants predicted that CCC would be valuable (96%) and an important motivation in completing the training study (96%). After CCC, participants viewed CCC as important/very important in learning FBT (94%). Common obstacles included finding a study-eligible patient (44%), scheduling constraints (19%), lost wages (16%), mismatch with consultant (3%), and hesitation to discuss cases (3%). Conclusions Clinicians reported favorable perspectives on CCC in complimenting learning FBT via online training. Future studies are needed to determine methods to deliver, assess, and scale CCC to enhance treatment fidelity. 35:Td35,Despite suggestions that Day Programs can be efficacious, little is understood about which mechanisms create positive change for young people and their family in this setting. The aim of this study was to explore clinician perspectives on how change occurs in an adolescent eating disorder Day Program in Australia. Twelve clinicians working as a team on an adolescent Day Program participated in semi-structured qualitative focus groups. Focus groups explored the clinicians' perspectives on change processes in the Day Program treatment model and the impact on young people and their families. Data generated from each focus group was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The structure, predictability and intensity of the Day Program along with tailored and responsive treatment was perceived as leading to a main theme of structural containment. Additionally, the combination of a strong relational treatment focus with team mutuality was perceived as leading to a second main theme of relational containment. The combination of structural and relational containment for families was perceived by clinicians as the leading mechanisms in supporting parental effectiveness in treatment and the settling and engaging of the young people. Levels of containment were also understood to create safety for all (parents, young people, and clinicians) providing a wraparound approach allowing effective treatment to be delivered. The findings of this study speak to the importance of safety as a foundation for working with families needing higher levels of care. Treatment approaches that are both structurally and relationally containing might be needed for families requiring more intensive care. Findings also highlight the importance of the clinical team working cohesively and the potential need for clinicians/services to consider how to create a therapeutically supportive environment that maximises the effectiveness of treatment. While there is evidence that Day Program treatment is helpful, little is understood about what creates positive change for families in this setting. This study aimed to explore how clinicians believe change to occur during Day Program treatment. For this aim, twelve clinicians participated in semi-structured qualitative focus groups of 60 to 90 min in the Day Program setting. Data from each focus group was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, a widely used method for analysing this type of data.The Day Program’s structure, predictability, intensity, and tailored and responsive treatment was understood as leading to a main theme of structural containment. Additionally, the combination of team mutuality and building strong relationships was understood as leading to a second main theme of relational containment. It was understood that clinicians perceived these two main themes – structural and relational containment - as the main factors in supporting positive change for young people and their families.The present study highlights the importance of safety when working with families who need more intensive care. Families who attend Day Program may benefit from treatment that provides both clear structure and strong relational support. This study also highlights the importance of clinical teams working together and for services to create a supportive environment that enhances effective treatment for families.36:Ta14,Abstract Background Despite suggestions that Day Programs can be efficacious, little is understood about which mechanisms create positive change for young people and their family in this setting. The aim of this study was to explore clinician perspectives on how change occurs in an adolescent eating disorder Day Program in Australia. Methods Twelve clinicians working as a team on an adolescent Day Program participated in semi-structured qualitative focus groups. Focus groups explored the clinicians’ perspectives on change processes in the Day Program treatment model and the impact on young people and their families. Data generated from each focus group was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results The structure, predictability and intensity of the Day Program along with tailored and responsive treatment was perceived as leading to a main theme of structural containment. Additionally, the combination of a strong relational treatment focus with team mutuality was perceived as leading to a second main theme of relational containment. The combination of structural and relational containment for families was perceived by clinicians as the leading mechanisms in supporting parental effectiveness in treatment and the settling and engaging of the young people. Levels of containment were also understood to create safety for all (parents, young people, and clinicians) providing a wraparound approach allowing effective treatment to be delivered. Conclusions The findings of this study speak to the importance of safety as a foundation for working with families needing higher levels of care. Treatment approaches that are both structurally and relationally containing might be needed for families requiring more intensive care. Findings also highlight the importance of the clinical team working cohesively and the potential need for clinicians/services to consider how to create a therapeutically supportive environment that maximises the effectiveness of treatment. 37:Ta37,Access to eating disorder care for child and adolescent patients is challenging especially for patients from rural and/or lower-resourced health systems. In order to improve the availability of eating disorder treatment, we developed Family-Based Treatment for Primary Care (FBT-PC), for primary care delivery. Although research has shown that FBT-PC has a significant effect on young patients' eating disorder symptoms, the model has not been evaluated in rural settings. The purpose of this study was to establish proof-of concept of an adaptation of FBT-PC for rural settings, in preparation for a pilot feasibility/acceptability trial. This study describes adaptations made to the FBT-PC protocol for implementation in small town and rural areas, as well as a case series of six children and adolescents with restrictive eating disorders who received FBT-PC in these settings. Findings from this case series establish proof-of-concept for FBT-PC implementation in rural primary care clinics. Specifically, the majority of patients either completed treatment (n = 3) or were referred to standard FBT (n = 1) which is consistent with the intention of FBT-PC as offering a lower-step eating disorder intervention. These promising preliminary cases support further evaluation of FBT-PC in rural settings. Future research is needed to assess clinical outcomes and acceptability of the intervention. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov #22-011880. It is well-established that it is challenging for child and adolescent patients to access evidence-based eating disorder treatment, especially for those living in rural health systems or those with less resources. In order to improve the availability of eating disorder treatment, we developed Family-Based Treatment for Primary Care (FBT-PC), for delivery by a primary care provider, in the primary case setting. Although research has shown that FBT-PC is effective in treating young patients’ eating disorder symptoms, it has not been evaluated in rural settings. This study describes how the FBT-PC intervention was adapted for delivery in small town and rural areas, as well as a case series of six children and adolescents with eating disorders who received FBT-PC in these settings. Findings from this case series suggest FBT-PC implementation might be possible in rural primary care clinics. Specifically, the majority of patients either completed treatment (n = 3) or were referred to standard FBT (n = 1). Findings from these promising 6 cases support the need for further evaluation of FBT-PC in rural settings. Future research is needed.38:T94e,Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with limited biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. We investigated endocannabinoid system (ECS) dysregulation in AN through integrated epigenetic and genetic analysis of saliva. We analyzed DNA methylation patterns of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) genes, characterized genetic polymorphisms, and quantified expression of exosomal microRNAs targeting these genes in AN patients versus healthy controls. We discovered a novel bidirectional epigenetic dysregulation of the ECS: CNR1 promoter hypermethylation coupled with FAAH promoter hypomethylation. This dual-target mechanism systematically impairs endocannabinoid signaling by simultaneously reducing receptor availability while increasing endocannabinoid degradation. Compensatory miRNA responses (upregulated miR-342-3p, miR-23b-3p targeting CNR1; upregulated miR-4505, miR-1275 targeting FAAH) revealed dynamic regulatory attempts to counterbalance these primary epigenetic changes. This convergent pathway dysfunction demonstrates how multiple molecular mechanisms work in concert to dysregulate appetite regulation in AN. Combined biomarker panels showed superior diagnostic precision compared to individual markers. Our findings establish this bidirectional epigenetic dysregulation as a central mechanism underlying ECS dysfunction in AN, providing mechanistic insights that identify novel therapeutic targets and advance precision medicine approaches for this challenging disorder. This study identifies biological markers in saliva that may help detect anorexia nervosa more accurately. We analyzed specific genes involved in the endocannabinoid system—a network in the body that helps regulate appetite, mood, and reward—suggesting patterns that could improve diagnosis and reveal new treatment targets. By identifying these gene patterns in saliva, we offer a non-invasive way to better understand how anorexia develops and progresses. Our findings may help improve early diagnosis and open new possibilities for treatment, especially by targeting the biological systems that influence appetite and emotional regulation. This research brings us closer to understanding the underlying biology of eating disorders and may support the development of more personalized and effective care strategies in the future.25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Anorexia Nervosa: condition Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Anorexia Nervosa (condition). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Somatic disorder correlations were weaker (r = 0.03–0.14) and mostly explained by comorbid psychiatric disorders. Simulations showed nonrandom mating inflated psychiatric disorder **prevalence by 1.8%** and **family-based heritability by 12.5%** compared to a random-mating scenario.","limitations":"- Study is restricted to Denmark, limiting generalizability to other populations and healthcare systems.\n- Paternity is based on legal/administrative assignment, not genetic confirmation, introducing potential misclassification.\n- The permutation approach uses observed cumulative incidence functions already embedded with assortative mating effects, though sensitivity analyses suggest results are robust to this.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should be aware that psychiatric disorders cluster strongly in families partly due to assortative mating—when one parent has a psychiatric diagnosis, the other parent is meaningfully more likely to as well, inflating offspring risk beyond what genetics alone would predict. This has direct implications for family-based risk counseling and for interpreting heritability estimates in psychiatry."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","pmid":"42435748","title":"The multivariate genetic architecture of psychiatric and insulin resistance multimorbidity","journal_title":"European Neuropsychopharmacology","journal_issn":"0924-977X","published_at":"2026-07-11T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","source_score":18,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-20T13:35:49.999Z","updated_at":"2026-07-20T13:35:49.999Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"brand","value":"Namenda","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychiatry","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Insulin Resistance","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Major Depressive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Metabolic Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Schizophrenia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"condition","value":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"generic","value":"memantine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"generic","value":"rosiglitazone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"modality","value":"NMDA Receptor Antagonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"modality","value":"Thiazolidinedione","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=933970","value_numeric":933970},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Genome-Wide Association Study / Genomic Structural Equation Modeling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"warning","value":"Ancestry of the contributing GWAS is not explicitly stated in the abstract but is likely predominantly European, which limits generalizability; this should be confirmed in the full text.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence is set to 3 (large-scale genetic epidemiology/multivariate GWAS); no experimental intervention or RCT is present, so causal inference is limited.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample sizes across contributing GWAS vary enormously (9,725 to 933,970), and the impact_flag 'practice_changing' is assigned cautiously — the drug repurposing findings are hypothesis-generating and not yet validated in clinical trials.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.euroneuro.2026.112906","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design label reflects a novel multivariate genomic SEM approach — not a standard GWAS; clinicians should interpret loci and gene findings as associative, not mechanistic.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study used genomic structural equation modeling (SEM) on GWAS data from 5 psychiatric disorders (ADHD, anorexia nervosa, MDD, OCD, schizophrenia) and 3 insulin resistance (IR)-related conditions (metabolic syndrome, obesity, T2DM; N = 9,725–933,970) to map the shared genetic architecture of psychiatric-IR multimorbidity and identify biological pathways and repurposable drugs.","key_result":"A latent 'Psych-IR' genetic factor was identified, with positive loadings for ADHD, MDD, and IR-related conditions and negative loadings for AN and OCD; multivariate GWAS of this factor yielded 150 associated loci and 366 genes (128 novel), with drug repurposing analysis flagging 6 candidates including memantine and rosiglitazone.","limitations":"The sample sizes varied widely across contributing GWAS (N = 9,725–933,970), which may unevenly influence factor loadings; the latent factor approach captures shared variance but cannot establish causal direction; findings are largely restricted to populations of European ancestry, limiting generalizability.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should be aware that ADHD and MDD share meaningful genetic overlap with metabolic conditions like obesity and T2DM, supporting routine metabolic screening in these patients. Repurposing candidates such as memantine and rosiglitazone warrant prospective study for psychiatric-metabolic comorbidity."}},{"doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","pmid":"42425918","title":"Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Tic Disorder, and Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder in Individuals With Eating Disorders and Their Siblings: A Nationwide Finnish Cohort Study","journal_title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"0276-3478","published_at":"2026-07-09T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.70171","source_score":15,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-19T13:39:53.417Z","updated_at":"2026-07-19T13:39:53.417Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychology, Clinical","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"condition","value":"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"condition","value":"Autism Spectrum Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bulimia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"condition","value":"Eating Disorders","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"condition","value":"Tic Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=56035","value_numeric":56035},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Population-Based Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"warning","value":"BN subgroup results were not highlighted as significant in the abstract or results sections—this may reflect limited statistical power rather than a true absence of association.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"warning","value":"Conditional logistic regression was used but the specific matching variables (e.g., birth year, sex, region) are not detailed in the provided text.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study uses registry-based diagnoses only; subclinical or undiagnosed neurodevelopmental conditions are not captured, likely underestimating true co-occurrence rates.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70171","tag_type":"warning","value":"Total sample size (n=56,035) is calculated by summing ED probands (4,240), population controls (16,494), and siblings (36,301); the paper does not state this combined figure explicitly.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This nationwide Finnish cohort study examined the co-occurrence of ASD, ADHD, tic disorder (TD), and OCD in individuals with eating disorders (AN, BN, other/unspecified EDs; N=4,240, born 1991–2001) versus population controls (N=16,494), and extended the analysis to full and half siblings (N=36,301) to assess familial aggregation.","key_result":"Individuals with AN had markedly elevated odds of ASD (OR 6.62), ADHD (OR 3.30), and OCD (OR 10.67) vs. controls. Other/unspecified EDs showed the highest ASD odds overall, reaching OR 32.40 in males. Full siblings of AN probands had ~2× odds for ASD and ~3× odds for OCD compared to siblings of controls; siblings of other/unspecified ED probands had 2–3× elevated odds for ASD, ADHD, TD, and OCD.","limitations":"The study is limited to clinically diagnosed (ICD-10) cases in Finnish registers, likely underestimating true prevalence. The cohort spans births 1991–2001 in a single country, limiting generalizability. BN did not show statistically significant associations, possibly reflecting smaller subgroup power.","practice_takeaway":"Screen individuals with eating disorders—especially AN and atypical/unspecified EDs—for ASD, ADHD, and OCD, as odds are dramatically elevated (up to 10-fold for OCD). Consider neurodevelopmental evaluation for their full siblings as well, given 2–3-fold familial risk."}},{"doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","pmid":"42414058","title":"Psilocybin therapy for adult females with anorexia nervosa: pilot study","journal_title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","journal_issn":"0007-1250","published_at":"2026-07-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","source_score":70,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:21.508Z","updated_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:21.508Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"brand","value":"COMP360","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychiatry","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"generic","value":"psilocybin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"modality","value":"Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=21","value_numeric":21},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"sex","value":"female","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Single-Arm Pilot Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"warning","value":"COMPASS Pathways (manufacturer of COMP360) provided the investigational drug; several authors report consulting relationships with psychedelic industry companies, representing a potential conflict of interest.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"warning","value":"Participants discontinued SSRIs prior to dosing; SSRI withdrawal itself may have contributed to symptom changes and confounds efficacy interpretation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 1 mg dose was used as an active placebo comparator within a within-individual design, but was not statistically distinguishable from 25 mg doses, complicating dose-response interpretation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study is single-arm with no placebo or active control group; efficacy results cannot be attributed solely to psilocybin versus talk therapy, medication withdrawal, or natural course of illness.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1192/bjp.2026.10687","tag_type":"warning","value":"Two serious adverse events (suicide attempts) occurred in one participant 7–9 months post-dosing; causality was deemed unlikely but cannot be fully excluded in this vulnerable population.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This single-arm, single-blind pilot study evaluated the safety, feasibility, and potential efficacy of three oral psilocybin (COMP360) dosing sessions (1 mg, 25 mg, 25 mg) over 6 weeks—alongside talk therapy and treatment as usual—in 21 adult females with treatment-resistant anorexia nervosa, with follow-up to 12 months.","key_result":"Psilocybin was well tolerated (most common AEs: headache 85.7%, nausea 57.1%, dizziness). Eating disorder symptoms improved significantly from baseline (EDE: p<0.0001, d=0.98 at 6 months); motivation to change improved and was sustained at 12 months (RMQ: p=0.0017, d=0.65). At 3-month follow-up, 47.6% of participants reached community-norm ('remission') range. Two serious adverse events (suicide attempts by one participant) occurred between months 6–12, deemed unlikely to be drug-related.","limitations":"- No control group; single-arm, fixed-order design prevents attribution of benefit to psilocybin specifically vs. talk therapy or time.\n- Small, homogenous sample (76% White British, highly educated, all female), limiting generalizability.\n- EDE interviewer was not blinded to dosing regimen, introducing assessment bias.","practice_takeaway":"For clinicians treating adults with severe, treatment-resistant anorexia nervosa, this pilot signals that psilocybin-assisted therapy appears feasible and safe in the short term, with meaningful symptom improvements—but the single-arm design means it cannot yet be recommended outside of controlled research settings. Larger, randomized trials with active comparators are needed before clinical adoption."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","pmid":"42413206","title":"Compulsive exercise in higher levels of eating disorder care: Trajectory of change over time among adolescents with anorexia nervosa","journal_title":"Eating Behaviors","journal_issn":"1471-0153","published_at":"2026-07-04T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-11T13:32:59.553Z","updated_at":"2026-07-11T13:32:59.553Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adolescent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychology, Clinical","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"condition","value":"Compulsive Exercise","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=443","value_numeric":443},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text was not accessible (publisher captcha wall); summary is based solely on the abstract.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sex/gender breakdown of the sample is not reported in the abstract; 'mixed' sex tag is an assumption given the clinical population context.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.eatbeh.2026.102110","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is described as longitudinal with piecewise growth curve analysis but lacks randomization — labeled as prospective cohort; some ambiguity remains.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study examined how compulsive exercise frequency changes across higher levels of eating disorder care (inpatient/residential → partial hospitalization → intensive outpatient) in 443 adolescents with anorexia nervosa, and whether weight restoration (% expected body weight) predicted compulsive exercise at discharge.","key_result":"Among the 58% (n=257) who endorsed compulsive exercise at admission, frequency dropped significantly from admission to stepdown (β = −0.21, p < .001), but did not change significantly from stepdown to discharge (β = −0.02, p = .080). Weight restoration was not associated with compulsive exercise frequency at discharge (IRR = 1.19, p = .941).","limitations":"- No control group or randomized design limits causal inference about exercise restriction.\n- No follow-up data beyond discharge; durability of improvement is unknown.\n- Compulsive exercise measured only by frequency (EDE-Q), without assessing motivation or compulsivity quality.","practice_takeaway":"Higher levels of care that restrict physical activity are linked to reduced compulsive exercise in adolescents with AN, independent of weight gain — but gains plateau as supervision decreases. Clinicians should address exercise motivation explicitly when stepping patients down, rather than relying on weight restoration alone."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","pmid":"42307918","title":"Gastrointestinal Interoception and Relapse in Anorexia Nervosa","journal_title":"JAMA Psychiatry","journal_issn":"2168-622X","published_at":"2026-06-17T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13276667/","source_score":86,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-21T13:29:43.480Z","updated_at":"2026-06-21T13:29:43.480Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adolescent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychiatry","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"modality","value":"Computational Modeling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"modality","value":"Electroencephalography","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"modality","value":"Ingestible Vibrating Capsule","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=119","value_numeric":119},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"sex","value":"female","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Randomized Crossover Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"warning","value":"Impact flag 'practice_changing' applied cautiously: the tool (ingestible capsule + computational modeling) is novel and not yet in routine clinical use, but findings offer a credible new relapse-prediction paradigm.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"warning","value":"Mean age ~19 years spans both adolescent and adult ranges; age-group tags reflect this mixed population.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'crossover' label refers to counterbalanced within-participant blocks of gut stimulation intensity, not a traditional two-arm crossover; clinicians should note this design nuance.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1301","tag_type":"warning","value":"The trial is registered and published but the full text was not accessible — summary is based solely on the abstract and results section provided.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This crossover trial examined gastrointestinal (GI) interoception in 62 weight-restored females with restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN) vs. 57 healthy comparators (HCs), using a vibrating ingestible capsule, EEG, computational modeling, and peripheral physiology, with 6-month follow-up for relapse and symptom severity.","key_result":"Participants with AN showed significantly lower GI perceptual accuracy (d = −0.98) and higher miss rates (d = 1.02) vs. HCs. At 6-month follow-up, relapse was predicted by maladaptive prior beliefs (OR 3.82), response bias (OR 5.37), and stomach unpleasantness (OR 5.73); symptom severity was predicted by miss rate and interoceptive precision shifts.","limitations":"All participants were female, limiting generalizability to males and other AN subtypes. Sample size for follow-up was reduced to 54 (of 62), which may limit statistical power for relapse prediction. The single-site design and relatively short 6-month follow-up window may not capture longer-term relapse trajectories.","practice_takeaway":"Ingestible vibrating capsules paired with computational modeling can identify GI interoceptive markers that predict relapse risk in weight-restored AN patients — consider these tools as adjuncts to guide relapse prevention. Stronger negative prior beliefs about gut signals and high stomach unpleasantness ratings at discharge may flag patients who need closer monitoring."}},{"doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","pmid":"42167272","title":"Updated trends in the global prevalence and burden of mental disorders, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","journal_title":"The Lancet","journal_issn":"0140-6736","published_at":"2026-05-22T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","source_score":909,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-26T13:35:01.948Z","updated_at":"2026-05-26T13:35:01.948Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"category","value":"Medicine, General & Internal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anxiety Disorders","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Autism Spectrum Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bipolar Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bulimia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Major Depressive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Mental Disorders","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Schizophrenia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=204","value_numeric":204},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Analysis / Modelling Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence set to 2 (systematic analysis with meta-regression); some may classify GBD modelling studies differently due to reliance on heterogeneous input data quality.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size tagged as 204 (countries/territories) since this is an aggregate modelling study, not an individual-patient study — direct N comparison to clinical trials is not appropriate.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00519-2","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper was published May 22, 2026 and today is May 26, 2026 — this is a very recent publication and findings have not yet been independently replicated or peer-scrutinized post-publication.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This GBD 2023 systematic analysis estimated prevalence, incidence, and disability burden (YLDs, YLLs, DALYs) for 12 mental disorders across 204 countries and territories, 21 regions, and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile, from 1990 to 2023, stratified by sex and age group.","key_result":"In 2023, an estimated **1.17 billion** people had a mental disorder globally (age-standardised rate: 14,210.7 per 100,000), a **95.5% rise in case counts** and **24.2% rise in age-standardised prevalence** since 1990. Mental disorders caused **171 million DALYs** in 2023—**6.1% of all-cause DALYs**—making them the **5th leading cause of DALYs** (up from 12th in 1990) and the **leading cause of YLDs** (17.3% of all-cause YLDs). DALY rates peaked in the **15–19 year age group** (2,617.3 per 100,000) and were higher in females (2,239.6) than males (1,900.2). Anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder were the top contributors.","limitations":"- Estimates rely on available epidemiological literature, which is sparse for low- and middle-income countries, limiting precision in those settings.\n- Mental disorders are only included as an underlying cause of death for anorexia nervosa; mortality burden for other disorders is likely underestimated.\n- Disability weights used to calculate YLDs may not fully capture cross-cultural variation in disease severity.","practice_takeaway":"Mental disorders now rank as the **leading cause of disability worldwide** and disproportionately affect adolescents (15–19 years) and females—clinicians should prioritize early screening and intervention in these groups. Health systems in all income settings need stronger mental health surveillance and age- and sex-tailored prevention strategies."}},{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","pmid":"42104484","title":"Validation of the German Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) in children and adolescents with eating disorders and ADHD","journal_title":"Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"2050-2974","published_at":"2026-05-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-18T13:25:42.261Z","updated_at":"2026-05-18T13:25:42.261Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychology, Clinical","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"condition","value":"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"condition","value":"Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"condition","value":"Loss-of-Control Eating","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=226","value_numeric":226},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Psychometric Validation Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age range spans infancy to adolescence (9 months–17 years); the CEBQ was originally developed for ages 2–9 years, so applicability at the extremes of this range remains exploratory.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"warning","value":"LOC eating subgroup is very small (n=14), and findings for this group should be interpreted with caution.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"warning","value":"No population-based normative scores are available for the German CEBQ, which limits its use as a standalone screening tool.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01589-8","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is a psychometric/validation study, not an interventional or observational cohort — level of evidence assigned as 4 (cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy).","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study validated the German version of the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) — a 35-item parent-report tool — in 226 parents of children and adolescents aged 9 months to 17 years across five groups: anorexia nervosa (AN, n=24), ARFID (n=39), loss-of-control (LOC) eating (n=14), ADHD (n=24), and healthy controls (n=124), recruited in Germany and Switzerland.","key_result":"The original 8-factor structure showed acceptable model fit (χ²/df=2.13, RMSEA=0.07, SRMR=0.08) and acceptable-to-excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.75–0.91). CEBQ subscales significantly differentiated overeating groups (ADHD, LOC eating) from restrictive-eating groups (ARFID, AN) on most subscales (p<0.001, ηp²=0.08–0.19), with the Food Fussiness subscale uniquely distinguishing ARFID from all other groups including AN. The Desire to Drink subscale showed consistently weak convergent and discriminant validity.","limitations":"- Small subgroup sizes (especially LOC eating n=14) limit reliability of between-group comparisons.\n- Wide age range (9 months–17 years) introduces potential developmental measurement bias; no age-specific norms are available.\n- Sample skewed toward higher education and German/Swiss nationality, limiting generalizability to lower-education or non-Western populations.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians can use the German CEBQ as a reliable parent-report screen to differentiate restrictive eating (AN, ARFID) from overeating patterns (ADHD, LOC eating) in youth aged 0–17. The Desire to Drink subscale adds little diagnostic value and should be interpreted with caution."}},{"doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","pmid":"42068161","title":"Benchmarking Generative Artificial Intelligence Against Human Judgment in Eating Disorder Case Recognition and Treatment Recommendations","journal_title":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"0276-3478","published_at":"2026-05-02T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.70128","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-08T13:23:40.477Z","updated_at":"2026-05-08T13:23:40.477Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"brand","value":"ChatGPT","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"brand","value":"Claude","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"brand","value":"Gemini","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychology, Clinical","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"condition","value":"Atypical Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"condition","value":"Binge-Eating Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"modality","value":"Generative Artificial Intelligence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=20","value_numeric":20},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Vignette-Based Benchmarking Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"warning","value":"Human benchmark comparisons draw from previously published studies with different populations and conditions, not a concurrent controlled comparison—direct head-to-head inference should be made cautiously.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size of n=20 prompt repetitions per vignette is very small for an AI evaluation; results may not reflect variability across broader prompt phrasings or model versions.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is classified as a vignette-based benchmarking study, which does not fit neatly into standard evidence hierarchies; level of evidence is approximate.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/eat.70128","tag_type":"warning","value":"The AI models tested (ChatGPT-5.4, Gemini-3, Claude-4.5) are cutting-edge versions as of publication; findings may not generalize to earlier or future model versions.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study evaluated whether generative AI (ChatGPT-5.4, Gemini-3, Claude-4.5) could accurately identify eating disorder (ED) presentations and recommend appropriate treatment, benchmarking AI responses (20 prompts per vignette) against published human data—clinicians for a restrictive ED vignette (anorexia nervosa/atypical AN across low-, average-, and higher-weight conditions) and community participants for a binge-eating disorder (BED) vignette.","key_result":"ChatGPT-5.4 identified an ED in 100% of low- and average-weight cases and 90% of higher-weight cases, vs. 47%, 21%, and 16% of clinicians; it recommended specialized ED treatment 100% of the time across all weight conditions vs. 35%, 19%, and 17% of clinicians. For BED, ChatGPT correctly identified the diagnosis in 100% of runs vs. 59% of community participants, and endorsed evidence-based treatments 100% vs. 50% of the time.","limitations":"- Vignette-based design limits generalizability to real clinical encounters with nuanced, evolving presentations.\n- Human benchmark data came from separate published studies with different participant samples and methodologies, not a direct head-to-head comparison.\n- Only structured prompt scenarios were tested; AI performance in open-ended or adversarial interactions is unknown.","practice_takeaway":"Generative AI tools outperformed both clinicians and community members in recognizing EDs—especially in higher-weight patients—and in recommending evidence-based care, suggesting potential value as a decision-support or public-education resource. Clinicians should be aware of their own weight-related biases when assessing patients for restrictive EDs at average or higher body weights."}},{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","pmid":"42015227","title":"A unified theory of restrictive and addictive eating: a life course model integrating generational transmission, neurodevelopmental risk, and ultra-processed food use disorder—a theoretical review","journal_title":"Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"2050-2974","published_at":"2026-04-21T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-08T14:49:28.804Z","updated_at":"2026-05-08T14:49:28.804Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychology, Clinical","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anorexia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Binge Eating Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bulimia Nervosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Eating Disorders","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Substance Use Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Ultra-Processed Food Use Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Theoretical Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"warning","value":"No formal systematic review methodology (e.g., PRISMA) was reported, so evidence synthesis may reflect author perspectives.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is labeled 'Theoretical Review' by authors; it does not fit a standard empirical study design category.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"warning","value":"The two proposed pathways (Restrictive and Addictive) are conceptual constructs without validated diagnostic criteria or prospective longitudinal confirmation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s40337-026-01618-6","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a theoretical/narrative review with no primary data collection; no sample size is applicable.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This theoretical review synthesizes evidence from trauma, neurodevelopmental, eating disorder, and addiction research (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Google Scholar) to propose a unified life course model linking restrictive eating disorders (EDs) and ultra-processed food use disorder (UPFUD) across the lifespan.","key_result":"Two divergent but interconnected developmental pathways are described: (1) a **Restrictive Eating Pathway** rooted in generational trauma → familial OCD traits → adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) → pathological dietary restriction; and (2) an **Addictive Eating Pathway** rooted in generational trauma → familial ADHD/SUD traits → ACEs → hedonic/addictive eating and UPFUD. Both pathways share generational trauma and ACEs as foundational risks; individual-level SUD frequently co-occurs in both and may serve as a crossover point.","limitations":"- This is a theoretical model with no primary data; all claims are based on narrative synthesis and are untested longitudinally.\n- No systematic search protocol or PRISMA framework was used, raising risk of selective citation.\n- The model's bidirectional pathways and crossover constructs are conceptual and require mechanistic and longitudinal validation.","practice_takeaway":"When assessing patients with eating pathology, screen for familial OCD traits (suggesting restrictive pathway) versus familial ADHD/SUD traits (suggesting addictive pathway), as this may guide more personalized treatment planning. Recognize that patients may shift between restrictive and addictive presentations over time, especially during stress or treatment transitions, and that trauma-informed care is relevant to both."}},{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4","pmid":"41535954","title":"Prospective associations among nonverbal reasoning abilities, illness duration, and eating disorder symptoms in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa","journal_title":"Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"2050-2974","published_at":"2026-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4","source_score":15,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-16","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4","days":"7","issn":"2050-2974","rank":"4","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"15","category":"Psychology, Clinical","categories":["Psychology, Clinical"],"_categories":["Psychology, Clinical"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4","title":"Prospective associations among nonverbal reasoning abilities, illness duration, and eating disorder symptoms in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.","journal":"Journal of eating disorders","methods":"","results":"In the AN group, longer illness duration was significantly associated with poorer baseline nonverbal reasoning, even after adjusting for BMI. There was no significant association between illness duration and nonverbal reasoning in the BN group. Among individuals with BN, better baseline nonverbal reasoning predicted a greater reduction in ED symptoms over 6 months, while poorer baseline nonverbal reasoning was associated with no significant change in symptoms. In AN, nonverbal reasoning did not predict ED symptom change from baseline to follow-up.","abstract":"$30","keywords":["Anorexia nervosa","Bulimia nervosa","Illness duration","Neurocognition","Nonverbal reasoning"],"pubmed_id":"41535954","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-01-15T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4","ISSN":["2050-2974"],"link":[{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Prospective associations among nonverbal reasoning abilities, illness duration, and eating disorder symptoms in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa"],"author":[{"given":"Matthew F.","family":"Murray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elizabeth N.","family":"Dougherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Samantha E.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jennifer E.","family":"Wildes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"funder":[{"id":[{"id":"10.13039/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"DOI":"10.13039/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"member":"297","prefix":"10.1186","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2026-01-14T17:54:47Z","timestamp":1768413287000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2026-01-15T05:03:57Z","timestamp":1768453437233,"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"am"}],"subject":[],"abstract":null,"language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/10.1186/s40337-025-01515-4"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Received","order":1,"value":"27 August 2025"},{"name":"accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Accepted","order":2,"value":"22 December 2025"},{"name":"first_online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"First Online","order":3,"value":"14 January 2026"},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"},"order":1},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"},"order":2,"value":"Study procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Pittsburgh, and all participants provided informed consent."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"},"order":3,"value":"Not applicable."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"},"order":4,"value":"The authors declare no competing interests."}],"deposited":{"date-time":"2026-01-14T17:54:52Z","timestamp":1768413292000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2050-2974"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","reference":[{"DOI":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102547","key":"1515_CR1","year":"2025","issue":null,"author":"I Krug","volume":"116","first-page":"102547","unstructured":"Krug I, Liu S, Portingale J, Croce S, Dar B, Obleada K, Satheesh V, Wong M, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M. 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ED symptoms and weight were reassessed at 3 and 6 months; regression and multilevel models tested links among reasoning, illness duration, and symptom change.","key_result":"In anorexia nervosa (AN), longer illness duration was associated with poorer baseline nonverbal reasoning after adjusting for BMI. In bulimia nervosa (BN), better baseline nonverbal reasoning predicted greater reduction in ED symptoms over 6 months, whereas poorer reasoning was associated with no significant symptom change; in AN, reasoning did not predict symptom change.","practice_takeaway":"For BN, baseline nonverbal reasoning may help flag who improves over 6 months. 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The majority participated in CCC since licensure (82%) and in the last year (68%), rating it valuable or very valuable (77%). Participants predicted that CCC would be valuable (96%) and an important motivation in completing the training study (96%). After CCC, participants viewed CCC as important/very important in learning FBT (94%). 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This study was approved by the IRB at Stanford University and University of California San Francisco (e-protocol #69550). The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"},"order":3,"value":"Not applicable."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"},"order":4,"value":"Dr. Matheson and Dr. Whyte receive royalties from Routledge. 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Prior CCC was common (82% since licensure), most predicted CCC would be valuable (96%), and reported barriers were finding an eligible patient (44%), scheduling (19%), lost wages (16%), consultant mismatch (3%), and hesitancy to discuss cases (3%).","limitations":"Small, all-female, private-practice sample (n=47) limits generalizability. Outcomes were self-reported, with no between-arm comparisons or clinical outcomes.","practice_takeaway":"When disseminating FBT via online training, clinicians view expert CCC as an important complement. Expect logistical barriers—especially identifying eligible cases and scheduling—and plan around them."}},{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x","pmid":"41462394","title":"Clinician perspectives on the process of change in an adolescent eating disorder Day Program","journal_title":"Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"2050-2974","published_at":"2025-12-30T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x","source_score":15,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-12-30","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x","days":"14","issn":"2050-2974","rank":"8","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"15","category":"Psychiatry","categories":["Psychiatry","Psychology, Clinical"],"_categories":["Psychiatry","Psychology, Clinical"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x","title":"Clinician perspectives on the process of change in an adolescent eating disorder Day Program.","journal":"Journal of eating disorders","methods":"","results":"The structure, predictability and intensity of the Day Program along with tailored and responsive treatment was perceived as leading to a main theme of structural containment. Additionally, the combination of a strong relational treatment focus with team mutuality was perceived as leading to a second main theme of relational containment. The combination of structural and relational containment for families was perceived by clinicians as the leading mechanisms in supporting parental effectiveness in treatment and the settling and engaging of the young people. Levels of containment were also understood to create safety for all (parents, young people, and clinicians) providing a wraparound approach allowing effective treatment to be delivered.","abstract":"$35","keywords":["Anorexia nervosa","Change mechanisms","Clinician perspective","Day program","Qualitative analysis"],"pubmed_id":"41462394","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-12-30T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x","ISSN":["2050-2974"],"link":[{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":"1","score":1,"title":["Clinician perspectives on the process of change in an adolescent eating disorder Day Program"],"author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Mitchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Wallis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"member":"297","prefix":"10.1186","source":"Crossref","volume":"13","created":{"date-time":"2025-12-29T17:58:37Z","timestamp":1767031117000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2025-12-29T18:02:30Z","timestamp":1767031350534,"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":"$36","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/10.1186/s40337-025-01457-x"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Received","order":1,"value":"19 August 2025"},{"name":"accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Accepted","order":2,"value":"31 October 2025"},{"name":"first_online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"First Online","order":3,"value":"29 December 2025"},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"},"order":1},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"},"order":2,"value":"This study was approved by the Sydney Children’s Hospital Network Human Research Ethics Committee (2023/ETH02213). 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prolonged admissions were seen as risking dependence.","limitations":"Single-site sample from one integrated team limits generalizability; several investigators were clinicians within the program, increasing risk of insider bias; findings are perceptions without patient outcome data or comparators.","practice_takeaway":"For higher-intensity adolescent AN care, pair clear program structure and predictability with strong therapeutic relationships and cohesive interdisciplinary teamwork; monitor admission length to avoid fostering service dependence while supporting parents as primary agents of change."}},{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8","pmid":"41345723","title":"Questioning the recovery of dissociated traumatic memories under psilocybin: comment on “Therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa”","journal_title":"Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"2050-2974","published_at":"2025-12-05T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8","source_score":27,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-07","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8","days":"30","issn":"2050-2974","rank":"1","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"27","category":"Psychology, Clinical","categories":["Psychology, Clinical"],"_categories":["Psychology, Clinical"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8","title":"Questioning the recovery of dissociated traumatic memories under psilocybin: comment on \"Therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa\".","journal":"Journal of eating disorders","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"In their recent case report article, Peck and colleagues suggested that two patients recovered dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa. These case reports are of clinical and scientific interest and confirm that psychedelics may induce vivid memory-like experiences. However, the reports warrant scrutiny. Here, based on what is known about recovered memories and the effects of psychedelics, we argue that the authors may not have adequately considered alternative explanations. The cases do not necessarily demonstrate that psilocybin induces recovery of dissociated traumatic memories or could treat dissociative amnesia. We further caution against the authors' suggestion of explicitly preparing patients for the emergence of forgotten material.","keywords":["Amnesia","Dissociation","Psilocybin","Psychedelics","Recovered memory","Trauma"],"pubmed_id":"41345723","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-12-05T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8","ISSN":["2050-2974"],"link":[{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8/fulltext.html","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":"1","score":1,"title":["Questioning the recovery of dissociated traumatic memories under psilocybin: comment on “Therapeutic emergence of dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa”"],"author":[{"given":"Samuli","family":"Kangaslampi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Max","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manoj K.","family":"Doss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lilian","family":"Kloft-Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Otgaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"funder":[{"name":"Effie and Wofford Cain Foundation"},{"name":"The Center for MINDS"},{"id":[{"id":"10.13039/100001820","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"DOI":"10.13039/100001820","name":"Alice Kleberg Reynolds Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"id":[{"id":"10.13039/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"DOI":"10.13039/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","award":["G0D3621N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0D3621N"]}],"doi-asserted-by":"publisher"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"member":"297","prefix":"10.1186","source":"Crossref","volume":"13","created":{"date-time":"2025-12-04T06:11:05Z","timestamp":1764828665000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2025-12-04T07:10:23Z","timestamp":1764832223205,"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":"Abstract\n In their recent case report article, Peck and colleagues suggested that two patients recovered dissociated traumatic memories during psilocybin treatment for anorexia nervosa. These case reports are of clinical and scientific interest and confirm that psychedelics may induce vivid memory-like experiences. However, the reports warrant scrutiny. Here, based on what is known about recovered memories and the effects of psychedelics, we argue that the authors may not have adequately considered alternative explanations. The cases do not necessarily demonstrate that psilocybin induces recovery of dissociated traumatic memories or could treat dissociative amnesia. We further caution against the authors’ suggestion of explicitly preparing patients for the emergence of forgotten material.","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-025-01484-8"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Received","order":1,"value":"9 July 2025"},{"name":"accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Accepted","order":2,"value":"25 November 2025"},{"name":"first_online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"First Online","order":3,"value":"4 December 2025"},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"},"order":1},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"},"order":2,"value":"Not applicable."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"},"order":3,"value":"Not applicable."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"},"order":4,"value":"MW is a shareholder of OVID Tagesklinik GmbH. 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no new participants or outcomes were collected.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A critical commentary reviews two case reports describing apparent recovery of traumatic memories during psilocybin-assisted treatment for anorexia nervosa, highlighting alternative explanations and known effects of psychedelics on memory.","key_result":"The authors argue the cases do not demonstrate that psilocybin recovers dissociated traumatic memories or treats dissociative amnesia; psychedelic states can produce vivid, convincing, and potentially inaccurate memory-like experiences via increased suggestibility and a noetic quality, and rodent data show psilocin impaired retrieval of a hippocampal-dependent memory.","limitations":"This is a commentary without new data or corroborative evidence; conclusions rest on prior literature and the unverified nature of the original case reports.","practice_takeaway":"When patients report memory-like content after psilocybin, clinicians should neither confirm nor deny its accuracy without external corroboration, and should prepare patients about the noetic quality of such experiences while avoiding priming expectations of forgotten memories."}},{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01443-3","pmid":"41316438","title":"Adapting family-based treatment for primary care (FBT-PC) for treating child and adolescent restrictive eating disorders in rural settings: a case series","journal_title":"Journal of Eating Disorders","journal_issn":"2050-2974","published_at":"2025-11-29T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01443-3","source_score":15,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-12-02","doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01443-3","days":"7","issn":"2050-2974","rank":"9","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"15","category":"Psychology, Clinical","categories":["Psychology, Clinical"],"_categories":["Psychology, Clinical"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1186/s40337-025-01443-3","title":"Adapting family-based treatment for primary care (FBT-PC) for treating child and adolescent restrictive eating disorders in rural settings: a case series.","journal":"Journal of eating disorders","methods":"","results":"Findings from this case series establish proof-of-concept for FBT-PC implementation in rural primary care clinics. 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Among completers (n=3), mean weight gain was 7.5 kg (range 3.9–13.3), with mean BMI percentile increase of 14.49 points (range 6.01–23.47) and mean reduction in weight suppression of 14.87 BMI%.","limitations":"Small, single health system case series (n=6) with no comparator and outcomes reported only for completers. Sample was 100% white and PCPs self-selected for training, limiting generalizability and introducing selection bias.","practice_takeaway":"FBT-PC can be implemented by rural primary care clinicians with virtual training and consultation, functioning as a lower-step or bridging option. 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This dual-target mechanism systematically impairs endocannabinoid signaling by simultaneously reducing receptor availability while increasing endocannabinoid degradation. Compensatory miRNA responses (upregulated miR-342-3p, miR-23b-3p targeting CNR1; upregulated miR-4505, miR-1275 targeting FAAH) revealed dynamic regulatory attempts to counterbalance these primary epigenetic changes. This convergent pathway dysfunction demonstrates how multiple molecular mechanisms work in concert to dysregulate appetite regulation in AN. Combined biomarker panels showed superior diagnostic precision compared to individual markers.","abstract":"$38","keywords":["Anorexia nervosa","DNA methylation","Endocannabinoid system","Epigenetics","MicroRNAs","Molecular biology","Psychiatric disorders","Saliva","Transcription factors"],"pubmed_id":"41310856","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1186/s40337-025-01472-y","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-025-01472-y","ISSN":["2050-2974"],"link":[{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40337-025-01472-y.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40337-025-01472-y/fulltext.html","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s40337-025-01472-y.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Coordinated epigenetic dysregulation of CNR1 and FAAH genes drives endocannabinoid system dysfunction in anorexia nervosa"],"author":[{"given":"Federica","family":"Gilardini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Mercante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Annalaura","family":"Sabatucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mariangela","family":"Pucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Cifani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Segura-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Rania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"D’Addario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"funder":[{"id":[{"id":"10.13039/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"DOI":"10.13039/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca","award":["2022K7YKTY"],"doi-asserted-by":"publisher"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"member":"297","prefix":"10.1186","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2025-11-27T11:23:45Z","timestamp":1764242625000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2025-11-27T11:26:23Z","timestamp":1764242783598,"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":null,"language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-025-01472-y"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Received","order":1,"value":"15 September 2025"},{"name":"accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Accepted","order":2,"value":"16 November 2025"},{"name":"first_online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"First Online","order":3,"value":"27 November 2025"},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"},"order":1},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"},"order":2,"value":"The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of “Regione Calabria, sezione Area Centro” (identifier: 395/18.11.2021) and participants were treated in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study and from legal guardians of participants who were minors."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"},"order":3,"value":"Not applicable."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"},"order":4,"value":"The authors declare no competing interests."}],"deposited":{"date-time":"2025-11-27T11:23:54Z","timestamp":1764242634000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2050-2974"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","reference":[{"DOI":"10.1002/eat.22736","key":"1472_CR1","year":"2017","issue":"9","author":"MM Fichter","volume":"50","first-page":"1018","unstructured":"Fichter MM, Quadflieg N, Crosby RD, Koch S. Long-term outcome of anorexia nervosa: results from a large clinical longitudinal study. 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