2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T585,The gut microbiome is thought to influence risk of childhood allergic diseases; however, data on species-level links to childhood asthma and lung function are limited, and the role of host genetics in the gut-lung axis remains unclear. In a multicenter cross-sectional study of children with a history of bronchiolitis, from the 35 In the 300 children included for this study, three bacterial species (e.g., Bacteroides vulgatus, Eisenbergiella massiliensis, Butyricimonas virosa) were differentially associated with FEV1, and four bacterial species were differentially associated with FEV1/FVC (e.g., Bifidobacterium longum) (MaAsLin: FDR<0.25). Furthermore, host genetics-gut microbiome interaction analysis showed association of B.vulgatus (FDR=0.037) and Bacteroides uniformis (FDR=0.037) with FEV1/FVC among children with high FEV1/FVC PRS. Additionally, Ruminococcus bromii (FDR=0.067) and Alistipes indistinctus (FDR=0.13) were suggested to have protective associations with asthma, specifically in children with high asthma PRS, indicating that host genetics can modulate the effect of gut microbiome on these respiratory outcomes. By applying the metagenomic approach to a multicenter cohort of children with a history of bronchiolitis during infancy, this study suggests potential interplay of host genetics with gut microbiome, and their integrated relationship with childhood asthma and lung function.31:T731,New preventive therapeutics could substantially reduce bronchiolitis cases requiring acute care. Understanding the post-pandemic geographic distribution of bronchiolitis morbidity can guide targeted immunization campaigns in high-risk areas. This study aimed to identify geographic clusters of bronchiolitis acute care discharges across Connecticut. This retrospective cross-sectional cohort study used a statewide database to identify home ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) of children under 2 years discharged following bronchiolitis emergency visits or hospitalizations. Discharges were evaluated across five periods (March 2018 - December 2022) to account for seasonality and COVID-19. ZCTA case rates were based on U.S. Census American Community Survey data. Geographical clustering was assessed using Moran's I, Getis-Ord Gi*, and Poisson Space-Time Scan (SaTScan) analyses. There were 10,065 bronchiolitis emergency department and hospital discharges during the study period. Spatial autocorrelation - the degree of clustering of high burden areas - was moderate both before and after the pandemic (Moran's I: 0.21-0.25), but weak during the first pandemic year. Getis-Ord Gi* analysis demonstrated bronchiolitis hotspots in two of Connecticut's poorer cities in all five assessed time periods. Spatiotemporal analyses also demonstrated significant clustering in the major population centers during the traditional winter season, before and after the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, when cases were minimal. Bronchiolitis seasonality re-emerged following the COVID-19 pandemic. Geographic clusters of bronchiolitis were consistently identified in poorer areas across time points. Prioritizing resources to these areas, including targeted immunization-promotion campaigns, could improve outcomes in more efficient, equitable ways.32:T9ca,ABSTRACT Objective New preventive therapeutics could substantially reduce bronchiolitis cases requiring acute care. Understanding the post‐pandemic geographic distribution of bronchiolitis morbidity can guide targeted immunization campaigns in high‐risk areas. This study aimed to identify geographic clusters of bronchiolitis acute care discharges across Connecticut. Methods This retrospective cross‐sectional cohort study used a statewide database to identify home ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) of children under 2 years discharged following bronchiolitis emergency visits or hospitalizations. Discharges were evaluated across five periods (March 2018 – December 2022) to account for seasonality and COVID‐19. ZCTA case rates were based on U.S. Census American Community Survey data. Geographical clustering was assessed using Moran's I, Getis‐Ord Gi*, and Poisson Space‐Time Scan (SaTScan) analyses. Results There were 10,065 bronchiolitis emergency department and hospital discharges during the study period. Spatial autocorrelation – the degree of clustering of high burden areas – was moderate both before and after the pandemic (Moran's I: 0.21–0.25), but weak during the first pandemic year. Getis‐Ord Gi* analysis demonstrated bronchiolitis hotspots in two of Connecticut's poorer cities in all five assessed time periods. Spatiotemporal analyses also demonstrated significant clustering in the major population centers during the traditional winter season, before and after the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic, when cases were minimal. Conclusion Bronchiolitis seasonality re‐emerged following the COVID‐19 pandemic. Geographic clusters of bronchiolitis were consistently identified in poorer areas across time points. Prioritizing resources to these areas, including targeted immunization‐promotion campaigns, could improve outcomes in more efficient, equitable ways. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Bronchiolitis: condition Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Bronchiolitis (condition). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Primary outcomes were time to first antibiotic prescription for outpatient ARTIs, outpatient bronchiolitis, and RSV-related hospitalizations.","key_result":"Among 15,341 eligible infants (7,413 receiving nirsevimab), nirsevimab reduced antibiotic prescribing by **14.4%** (95% CI: 7.8%–20.6%) for outpatient ARTIs, **40.3%** (95% CI: 25.1%–52.5%) for outpatient bronchiolitis, and **69.4%** (95% CI: 4.8%–90.1%) for RSV-related hospitalizations.","limitations":"- Observational design with potential for unmeasured confounding despite target trial emulation framework.\n- Wide confidence interval for the RSV hospitalization outcome (4.8%–90.1%) suggests imprecision, likely due to rare events.\n- Single healthcare network limits generalizability to other practice settings.","practice_takeaway":"Nirsevimab not only prevents RSV illness but meaningfully cuts antibiotic prescribing across outpatient and inpatient settings — adding antibiotic stewardship as a concrete benefit when counseling families on immunoprophylaxis. The largest effect is seen for RSV-related hospitalizations, where antibiotic use dropped by ~70%."}},{"doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","pmid":"42418154","title":"Caregivers’ Experience of Bronchiolitis Explanations: A Qualitative Phenomenological Interview Study","journal_title":"Pediatric Emergency Care","journal_issn":"0749-5161","published_at":"2026-07-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:10.913Z","updated_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:10.913Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"age_group","value":"pediatric","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"category","value":"Emergency Medicine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bronchiolitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"6","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=20","value_numeric":20},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Qualitative Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"warning","value":"Caregiver sample is predominantly mothers (75%), limiting perspective diversity.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is qualitative/phenomenological — findings are thematic and not generalizable in a statistical sense.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/pec.0000000000003649","tag_type":"warning","value":"\"Worthiness\" as a theme is an emergent/novel construct specific to this study; clinical applicability may need further validation.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This qualitative study explored how caregivers experience receiving bronchiolitis explanations from attending physicians in a pediatric quaternary care ED, using interpretive phenomenological analysis of real-time interviews with 20 caregivers.","key_result":"Two core theme categories emerged: **disease experience** (the lived reality of caring for and seeking care for a sick child) and **worthiness** (a sense of deservedness and fairness shaping caregivers' expectations for their child's care). Recurring sub-themes included medical terminology, fear, and caregiver identity.","limitations":"- Small sample (n=20) from a single quaternary care pediatric ED limits generalizability.\n- Participants were predominantly mothers (75%), so fathers' and other caregivers' perspectives are underrepresented.\n- Single-center design may not reflect community or non-academic ED settings.","practice_takeaway":"When counseling caregivers about bronchiolitis, go beyond information delivery — address emotional needs, fear, and caregivers' sense of fairness and identity. Framing communication as collaborative meaning-making (not one-way transmission) may improve the caregiver experience."}},{"doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","pmid":"42360697","title":"Early Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Increases Risk of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Birth Cohort Study","journal_title":"Pediatric Pulmonology","journal_issn":"8755-6863","published_at":"2026-06-26T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71715","source_score":2,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-01T13:27:08.498Z","updated_at":"2026-07-01T13:27:08.498Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"age_group","value":"infant","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"category","value":"Respiratory System","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bronchiolitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"condition","value":"Gastroesophageal Reflux","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"condition","value":"Otitis Media","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"condition","value":"Upper Respiratory Tract Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"condition","value":"Viral Croup","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"modality","value":"Proton Pump Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=200","value_numeric":200},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Birth Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"warning","value":"Confounding by indication is a material concern: infants prescribed PPIs may have been sicker at baseline, which could partly explain higher infection rates.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"warning","value":"No specific PPI agents or doses were reported, so drug-level conclusions cannot be drawn.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71715","tag_type":"warning","value":"The exposed group is very small (n=16 early PPI, n=22 any PPI), so confidence intervals are extremely wide — especially for hospitalization. Results should be interpreted with caution.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This birth cohort study (ARIES, Santiago, Chile) followed 200 infants from birth to 24 months to assess whether early PPI exposure (first 6 months) or any PPI exposure (first 24 months) was associated with respiratory tract infections (RTIs), hospitalizations, and antibiotic use.","key_result":"Early PPI use (8% of infants) was independently linked to otitis media (aOR 9.5), viral croup (aOR 4.8), RTI-related hospitalization (aOR 19.3), and antibiotic use (aOR 9.9). No significant association was found with lower RTIs (bronchiolitis, pneumonia).","limitations":"- Small sample (n=200) with only 16 early PPI-exposed infants, producing very wide CIs (e.g., hospitalization aOR 19.3, 95% CI 1.6–225.8).\n- Single-center cohort in Chile limits generalizability.\n- Observational design cannot exclude confounding by indication (PPIs prescribed for sicker infants).","practice_takeaway":"Avoid routine PPI prescribing in infants with functional GI complaints (colic, reflux) given the lack of proven benefit and this signal of meaningfully increased upper RTI risk. Reserve PPIs for infants with clear evidence-based indications and reassess promptly."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","pmid":"42315602","title":"Lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","journal_title":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology","journal_issn":"1759-4790","published_at":"2026-06-18T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","source_score":9,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-20T13:24:51.988Z","updated_at":"2026-06-20T13:24:51.988Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"category","value":"Rheumatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bronchiectasis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bronchiolitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Interstitial Lung Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Lung Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"condition","value":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"generic","value":"baricitinib","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"generic","value":"brensocatib","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"generic","value":"methotrexate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"generic","value":"nintedanib","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"generic","value":"pirfenidone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"generic","value":"rituximab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"generic","value":"tocilizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"modality","value":"Antifibrotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"modality","value":"DPP-1 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immunosuppressant","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text of the article was not accessible; summary and tags are derived from the abstract, key points, glossary, and reference list only — specific prevalence figures, hazard ratios, and detailed management algorithms could not be verified.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is classified as 'Narrative Review' rather than 'Systematic Review' based on the absence of reported search methodology or PRISMA-style data synthesis.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41584-026-01394-2","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' impact flag reflects the review's synthesis of evolving screening and antifibrotic treatment recommendations, not a single landmark trial result.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review evaluates the full spectrum of pulmonary manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including ILD, COPD, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, pleural disease, and lung cancer, with a focus on pathophysiology, screening strategies, and management approaches.","key_result":"RA-ILD (especially usual interstitial pneumonia pattern) carries the worst prognosis among RA lung manifestations. Key risk factors for RA-ILD include male sex, older age, ACPA seropositivity, smoking, and high disease activity. Evidence-based treatments remain limited, but antifibrotics (nintedanib, pirfenidone) can be considered for progressive fibrotic phenotypes. COPD and bronchiectasis significantly raise infection risk and mortality in RA and are underrecognized.","limitations":"- Full text was not accessible; summary is based on the abstract, key points, and reference list only, limiting depth of evidence appraisal.\n- As a narrative review, it does not perform systematic pooled analysis, so estimates of effect size or prevalence are not consistently reported.\n- Evidence-based treatment recommendations for RA-ILD remain sparse, reflecting the limited RCT data in this population.","practice_takeaway":"Screen RA patients for ILD using HRCT when risk factors (male sex, older age, ACPA positivity, smoking, high disease activity) are present. For progressive fibrosing RA-ILD, consider antifibrotics (nintedanib or pirfenidone) alongside a multidisciplinary approach that includes smoking cessation, vaccinations, and pulmonary rehabilitation."}},{"doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","pmid":"42142018","title":"Virus Detection and Hospitalization Rate in Infants With Bronchiolitis After Nirsevimab Introduction: A Retrospective Comparative Two‐Season Study","journal_title":"Pediatric Pulmonology","journal_issn":"8755-6863","published_at":"2026-05-16T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71647","source_score":2,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-21T13:20:55.316Z","updated_at":"2026-05-21T13:20:55.316Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"age_group","value":"infant","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"brand","value":"Beyfortus","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"category","value":"Respiratory System","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bronchiolitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"condition","value":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"generic","value":"nirsevimab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"modality","value":"Monoclonal Antibody","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=168","value_numeric":168},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Retrospective Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"warning","value":"Nirsevimab vaccination coverage rate in the study population is not reported, which limits causal attribution of the observed reductions.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 95% confidence intervals reported for reductions appear to represent relative risk or rate ratios rather than absolute risk differences — clinical interpretation of the CIs should account for this.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71647","tag_type":"warning","value":"The post-nirsevimab cohort is notably smaller (n=49 vs. n=119), which may partly reflect the intervention effect but could also reflect seasonal variation or other confounders not fully addressed.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This retrospective two-season study compared bronchiolitis hospitalizations in infants under 12 months before (2023–2024, n=119) and after (2024–2025, n=49) nirsevimab introduction in Italy, assessing changes in virus circulation and hospitalization rates (ED visits, pediatric ward, PICU admissions).","key_result":"After nirsevimab introduction, RSV-related pediatric ward admissions fell by 59% (95% CI 0.30–0.57; p<0.001), ED visits by 52% (95% CI 0.39–0.59; p<0.001), and PICU admissions by 60% (95% CI 0.17–0.99; p<0.05). Hospitalized infants were older, with the greatest reduction in those ≤3 months. Influenza increased from 4.2% to 14.6% of cases, and bocavirus emerged (0% → 8.3%) in the post-nirsevimab season.","limitations":"- Single-center retrospective design limits generalizability.\n- Small post-nirsevimab cohort (n=49) reduces statistical power, especially for PICU analysis.\n- No data on nirsevimab coverage rates in the catchment population, making attribution of reductions to the intervention indirect.","practice_takeaway":"Nirsevimab introduction was associated with large reductions in RSV-driven bronchiolitis admissions across all care levels, particularly in very young infants. Clinicians should remain alert to a relative rise in influenza and bocavirus as alternative bronchiolitis pathogens in nirsevimab-immunized populations."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2025.12.1005","pmid":"41485494","title":"Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome influence susceptibility to childhood asthma and lung function","journal_title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"0091-6749","published_at":"2026-01-05T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2025.12.1005","source_score":5,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-06","doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2025.12.1005","days":"14","issn":"0091-6749","rank":"9","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"5","category":"Allergy","categories":["Allergy"],"_categories":["Allergy"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2025.12.1005","title":"Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome influence susceptibility to childhood asthma and lung function.","journal":"The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology","methods":"","results":"In the 300 children included for this study, three bacterial species (e.g., Bacteroides vulgatus, Eisenbergiella massiliensis, Butyricimonas virosa) were differentially associated with FEV1, and four bacterial species were differentially associated with FEV1/FVC (e.g., Bifidobacterium longum) (MaAsLin: FDR<0.25). Furthermore, host genetics-gut microbiome interaction analysis showed association of B.vulgatus (FDR=0.037) and Bacteroides uniformis (FDR=0.037) with FEV1/FVC among children with high FEV1/FVC PRS. Additionally, Ruminococcus bromii (FDR=0.067) and Alistipes indistinctus (FDR=0.13) were suggested to have protective associations with asthma, specifically in children with high asthma PRS, indicating that host genetics can modulate the effect of gut microbiome on these respiratory outcomes.","abstract":"$30","keywords":["bronchiolitis","childhood asthma","gut microbiome","host genetics","lung function","metagenomics"],"pubmed_id":"41485494","conclusions":"By applying the metagenomic approach to a multicenter cohort of children with a history of bronchiolitis during infancy, this study suggests potential interplay of host genetics with gut microbiome, and their integrated relationship with childhood asthma and lung 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Interaction analyses found B. vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis associated with FEV1/FVC among children with high FEV1/FVC PRS (FDR=0.037 each), and Ruminococcus bromii (FDR=0.067) and Alistipes indistinctus (FDR=0.13) suggested protective associations with asthma in those with high asthma PRS.","limitations":"Cross-sectional design precludes causal inference. Multiple findings rely on lenient or marginal FDR thresholds (e.g., FDR<0.25; FDR=0.067–0.13). 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System","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71450","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bronchiolitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71450","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71450","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71450","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=10,065","value_numeric":10065},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71450","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Cross-Sectional Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71450","tag_type":"warning","value":"Clustering metrics varied during the first pandemic year when cases were minimal, which may limit period‑to‑period comparisons.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/ppul.71450","tag_type":"warning","value":"Only abstract‑level details are available here; specific city names, case definitions, and covariates are not 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consistent hotspots in poorer areas; directing resources and immunization‑promotion efforts to these hotspots and major population centers during winter may improve efficiency and equity."}}],"initialOffset":8,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"condition","value":"Bronchiolitis"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Conditions","href":"/hub/tag/condition"},{"name":"Bronchiolitis"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"condition","hub_tag_value":"Bronchiolitis"}}}]]

Papers