2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T41e,Highlights across studies: - **Atopic march ML model:** Simplified models using routine early-life clinical features accurately predicted moderate-to-severe persistent asthma/allergic rhinitis by ages 5–11. - **Peanut OIT (IMPACT follow-up):** 80% of children who received pnOIT only (group A, n=40) were eating peanut at follow-up; 35% of group A reported peanut reactions since IMPACT; IgG4:IgE ratio remained higher in the pnOIT group vs. placebo years later. - **Dupilumab & autoimmunity in children:** Cutaneous autoimmune diagnoses (mainly psoriasis and alopecia areata) were ~2 per 1,000 children/year higher in the dupilumab group; no significant differences in endocrine, GI, or rheumatologic autoimmune diagnoses. - **EoE transcriptome:** Dupilumab normalized >1,300 dysregulated EoE genes (eosinophil and non-eosinophil pathways) across all age groups, sustained on treatment. - **α-Gal IgG & atherosclerosis:** Anti-α-Gal IgG formed immune complexes with α-Gal–bearing LDL, enhancing macrophage uptake and foam cell formation in vitro.31:T71c,Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is characterised by the clinical triad of hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, nasal polyposis, and asthma. The cells and mediators causing acute symptoms when driving the hypersensitivity reaction to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) ingestion, remain poorly defined. To investigate the dynamics of nasal mediators during ASA provocation in N-ERD patients before and 24 weeks after therapy with the IL-4 receptor alpha-blocking antibody dupilumab (EudraCT (2019-004889-18) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04442256)). Nasal mucosal lining fluids of patients with N-ERD, chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) and healthy disease controls were collected at selected time points up to 2 h after ASA provocation. Analysis of thirty-three different inflammatory mediators as well as transcriptomic profiling was performed. In N-ERD patients, provocation was repeated after 24 weeks of dupilumab therapy. Sixty minutes after provocation with ASA, N-ERD patients showed a significant increase in type 2 associated cytokines (i.e., TSLP, IL-5 and eotaxin-3) as compared to the other patient groups. This effect was diminished after 24 weeks of dupilumab therapy and was independent of the development of ASA tolerance. Transcriptomics revealed dampened upregulation of type 2 associated pathway genes (i.e., AREG) as well as enhanced downregulation of lipid (i.e., ALOX15) and peroxisome metabolisms (i.e., NOS2) at ASA provocation after dupilumab therapy. Treatment with dupilumab leads to reduced nasal type 2 cytokine secretion and distinct changes in transcriptomic profile during ASA provocation, but changes in type 2 mediators show no association with tolerance development. EudraCT (2019-004889-18) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04442256).32:Td9d,ABSTRACT Background Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug‐exacerbated respiratory disease (N‐ERD) is characterised by the clinical triad of hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, nasal polyposis, and asthma. The cells and mediators causing acute symptoms when driving the hypersensitivity reaction to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) ingestion, remain poorly defined. Objective To investigate the dynamics of nasal mediators during ASA provocation in N‐ERD patients before and 24 weeks after therapy with the IL‐4 receptor alpha‐blocking antibody dupilumab (EudraCT (2019‐004889‐18) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04442256)). Methods Nasal mucosal lining fluids of patients with N‐ERD, chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) and healthy disease controls were collected at selected time points up to 2 h after ASA provocation. Analysis of thirty‐three different inflammatory mediators as well as transcriptomic profiling was performed. In N‐ERD patients, provocation was repeated after 24 weeks of dupilumab therapy. Results Sixty minutes after provocation with ASA, N‐ERD patients showed a significant increase in type 2 associated cytokines (i.e., TSLP, IL‐5 and eotaxin‐3) as compared to the other patient groups. This effect was diminished after 24 weeks of dupilumab therapy and was independent of the development of ASA tolerance. Transcriptomics revealed dampened upregulation of type 2 associated pathway genes (i.e., AREG ) as well as enhanced downregulation of lipid (i.e., ALOX15 ) and peroxisome metabolisms (i.e., NOS2 ) at ASA provocation after dupilumab therapy. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance Treatment with dupilumab leads to reduced nasal type 2 cytokine secretion and distinct changes in transcriptomic profile during ASA provocation, but changes in type 2 mediators show no association with tolerance development. Trial Registration EudraCT (2019‐004889‐18) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04442256) 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: condition Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (condition). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Denominators differ across outcomes (e.g., n=519 for disease control vs. n=621 enrolled), suggesting some missing follow-up data.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This real-life, multicentre, ambispective phase 4 study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of mepolizumab 100 mg every 4 weeks in 621 adults with severe, uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) across 25 Italian tertiary rhinology centres over 12 months.","key_result":"At 12 months, both nasal polyp score and SNOT-22 dropped significantly from baseline (p<0.0001); disease control was achieved in 42% (206/519) of patients, and 20% (104/519) were on the way to remission. However, 38% (186/495) of patients remained anosmic. Adverse events occurred in only 5% (29/621) of patients, mostly grade 1.","limitations":"- Ambispective design (partly retrospective) with no control arm limits causal inference.\n- Study limited to Italian tertiary centres, which may reduce generalisability to other settings or less-severe populations.\n- Only 12-month data are presented; remission requires a full 12-month sustained period, so true remission rates cannot yet be determined.","practice_takeaway":"Mepolizumab produces meaningful, progressive improvements in polyp burden and quality of life over 12 months in severe CRSwNP, with a good safety profile, but nearly 4 in 10 patients remain anosmic at one year. Patients with lower baseline nasal polyp scores are most likely to progress toward remission, which may help guide expectations when counselling patients."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","pmid":"42567484","title":"Beyond Type 2 Inflammation: An Innate-Myeloid Axis is Linked to CRSwNP Recurrence","journal_title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"0091-6749","published_at":"2026-08-07T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-13T13:22:51.473Z","updated_at":"2026-08-13T13:22:51.473Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"condition","value":"NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-4/IL-13 Receptor Blocker","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=108","value_numeric":108},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Retrospective Cohort Study with Prospective Validation Cohort","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sex distribution is not explicitly reported in the abstract; 'mixed' sex tag is inferred from general CRSwNP population norms.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' impact flag is applied cautiously — findings are hypothesis-generating and not yet validated in a prospective interventional trial.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"warning","value":"The retrospective cohort (n=91) and the dupilumab cohort (n=17) are separate populations; direct comparisons between them should be interpreted cautiously.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.018","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study used nasal fluid (not tissue) to track dupilumab effects, which may not fully reflect tissue-level changes seen in the recurrence cohort.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study examined tissue-based biomarkers predicting post-FESS CRSwNP recurrence in 91 patients (dichotomized as rapid recurrence <1 year vs. slow/no recurrence >2 years), and assessed whether dupilumab modifies these mediators in a separate prospective cohort of 17 CRSwNP patients over 2 months.","key_result":"23 tissue mediators predicted rapid recurrence (AUC >0.70), spanning T2 markers (IL-4, IL-13, IgE) and innate/myeloid markers (CCL3/4/7/8/13, CSF2, IL-1β, MMP12, HIF-1α, TNF-α); dupilumab reduced T2-linked mediators (IL-5Rα, CCL3, CCL4, CCL13) but left key myeloid mediators unchanged (CCL8, CSF2, IL-1β, MMP12, HIF-1α).","limitations":"Retrospective design for the recurrence cohort introduces selection bias; the dupilumab cohort was small (n=17) and only followed for 2 months; nasal fluid rather than tissue was used to assess dupilumab effects, limiting direct comparability.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should recognize that dupilumab does not suppress a parallel innate/myeloid inflammatory axis in CRSwNP, which may drive recurrence after T2 blockade is stopped or insufficient. Myeloid mediators like CSF2, IL-1β, and MMP12 are candidate targets worth monitoring in patients with rapid post-FESS recurrence."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","pmid":null,"title":"The Editors’ Choice","journal_title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"0091-6749","published_at":"2026-08-05T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","source_score":3,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":false,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-11T13:26:12.518Z","updated_at":"2026-08-24T06:18:18.582Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"age_group","value":"pediatric","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Allergic Rhinitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Alpha-Gal Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Atherosclerosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Atopic Dermatitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Eosinophilic Esophagitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"condition","value":"Peanut Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biologic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"modality","value":"Machine Learning / Predictive Modeling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"modality","value":"Oral Immunotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=10000","value_numeric":10000},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Editorial / Editors' Choice (Multi-Study Summary)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence reflects the strongest individual study design cited (validated ML cohort study / long-term RCT follow-up); other highlighted studies range from cross-sectional to in vitro mechanistic.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"Only a publisher landing/navigation page was provided — no abstract, methods, results, or conclusions are accessible. The paper title is 'The Editors' Choice,' which is likely a curated editorial or highlights section rather than an original research article. No structured content, study design, population, or outcomes could be extracted. Full text access is required to generate meaningful summaries or tags.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The IMPACT peanut OIT follow-up had a 54% participation rate, which may affect generalizability of long-term outcomes.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper provided contains only a DOI, URL, journal name, and publication date — no abstract, methods, results, or any other substantive content. Structured summaries and tags cannot be generated without source text. Please provide the full text or abstract of the article for accurate extraction.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper provided contains only metadata (DOI, URL, journal, and publication date) with no abstract, body text, or results. No clinical content could be extracted. Please provide the full text or abstract to generate meaningful summaries and tags.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper provided contains only metadata (title, DOI, journal, and publication date) with no abstract, methods, results, or discussion. No structured summary, tags, or evidence-based content can be extracted. Please provide the full paper text to enable meaningful analysis.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The provided source text contains only metadata (DOI, URL, journal name, and publication date) with no abstract, body text, methods, results, or conclusions. Structured summaries and tags cannot be extracted without substantive content. The paper is titled 'The Editors' Choice,' which is typically an editorial or curated highlight piece — its specific focus, population, intervention, and results are entirely unknown from the information provided.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The provided source text contains only metadata (DOI, URL, journal name, and publication date) with no abstract, body text, or results. All summary fields and tags have been left null or empty because no content can be extracted or inferred without speculating. Please provide the full paper text for a complete structured extraction.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The title 'The Editors' Choice' is a generic editorial section label, not a specific study title. It is unclear which article(s) or topic(s) are being referenced.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"The α-Gal/foam cell findings are in vitro only; clinical cardiovascular implications should not be overstated.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.06.010","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is an Editors' Choice summary article covering six distinct original studies, not a single primary study — tags and sample sizes reflect the most prominent individual studies cited, not a single pooled population.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This Editors' Choice issue highlights six original studies covering: (1) ML-based prediction of the atopic march in >10,000 children with early-onset atopic dermatitis; (2) CD25 as a marker of activated MCTCs in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; (3) long-term follow-up (~8–11 years) of the IMPACT peanut oral immunotherapy trial in children aged 1–3 years; (4) rates of new autoimmune diagnoses in children ages 6–17 with atopic disease on vs. off dupilumab (PEDSnet, 10 sites, 4-year follow-up); (5) dupilumab's effect on the EoE transcriptome across pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients; and (6) anti-α-Gal IgG antibodies as a mechanistic link between α-Gal sensitization and atherosclerosis.","key_result":"$30","limitations":"- The atopic march ML study and dupilumab/autoimmunity study are both EHR-based and observational, limiting causal inference and subject to coding/ascertainment bias.\n- The IMPACT long-term follow-up enrolled only 78 of 146 original participants (54%), introducing potential selection bias.\n- The α-Gal/atherosclerosis mechanism was demonstrated in vitro only; in vivo cardiovascular relevance remains unproven.","practice_takeaway":"Early-life clinical features (respiratory symptoms, allergy meds, sensitization) can be used to flag young children with eczema for closer monitoring before asthma develops. Children on dupilumab should continue standard longitudinal monitoring for cutaneous autoimmune conditions such as psoriasis and alopecia areata, while being reassured that systemic autoimmune risks appear low."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70452","pmid":"42550682","title":"Simultaneous Dual Type 2 Biologic Therapy Improves Sinonasal Outcomes in Selected Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2026-08-04T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70452","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-07T13:23:08.710Z","updated_at":"2026-08-07T13:23:08.710Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"brand","value":"Fasenra","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"brand","value":"Nucala","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"brand","value":"Tezspire","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"brand","value":"Xolair","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"condition","value":"Eosinophilic Granulomatous Polyangiitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hypereosinophilic Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"generic","value":"benralizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"generic","value":"mepolizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"generic","value":"omalizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"generic","value":"tezepelumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biologic Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"modality","value":"IgE Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-4/IL-13 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-5 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"modality","value":"TSLP Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=34","value_numeric":34},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Retrospective Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"warning","value":"Dual biologic therapy is off-label in some European countries; regulatory status may vary by region and specific drug combination.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"warning","value":"No control arm or comparator group was included; improvement from baseline on single therapy to dual therapy may reflect disease trajectory or regression to the mean rather than a true treatment effect.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"warning","value":"The five biologic combinations used were heterogeneous and sample sizes per combination were very small (as low as n=1), making combination-specific conclusions unreliable.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70452","tag_type":"warning","value":"The VAS overall disease severity improvement (−4.3) did not reach conventional statistical significance (p = 0.054), but is reported alongside significant outcomes — clinicians should interpret this measure cautiously.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This retrospective, multicentric study evaluated simultaneous dual type 2 biologic therapy in 34 adult patients with severe uncontrolled CRSwNP across six centers in Germany, the Netherlands, and Italy, comparing sinonasal outcomes at 6 months on dual therapy vs. baseline on single biologic therapy (median follow-up 25 months).","key_result":"Dual biologic therapy significantly improved all key sinonasal outcomes at 6 months: SNOT-22 improved by −32.8 (p < 0.0001), nasal polyp score by −3.2 (p < 0.0001), and smell by +3.4 (p = 0.003). Adverse reactions occurred in 4 of 34 patients (11.8%), including urticaria, erythema, GI symptoms, weight gain, and arthralgia (each n = 1).","limitations":"- Very small sample size (n = 34) limits generalizability.\n- Retrospective design with no control arm; no head-to-head comparison between dual-therapy combinations.\n- Long-term efficacy and safety remain unknown, with median follow-up only 25 months.","practice_takeaway":"For rare, complex CRSwNP cases with refractory type 2 comorbidities (e.g., EGPA, hypereosinophilic syndrome) that fail single biologic therapy, dual biologic therapy may offer meaningful symptom improvement — but it should only be considered after interdisciplinary consultation, given off-label status in some countries and high costs."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70470","pmid":"42538606","title":"Tezepelumab Reverses\n TSLP\n ‐Driven Immunometabolic Rewiring in Human\n cDC2s\n Underlying Pathogenic Th2 and Dysfunctional Treg Responses","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2026-07-31T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70470","source_score":3,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-05T13:22:58.779Z","updated_at":"2026-08-05T13:22:58.779Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"brand","value":"Tezspire","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"condition","value":"Type 2 Inflammatory Airway Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"generic","value":"tezepelumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"6","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"modality","value":"Anti-TSLP Monoclonal Antibody","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"study_design","value":"In Vitro Experimental Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"warning","value":"Brand name 'Tezspire' assigned; confirm proprietary name in jurisdiction if needed.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"warning","value":"Quantitative data (e.g., sample size, effect sizes) are not reported in the available abstract, so numeric tags could not be assigned.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study is entirely in vitro; findings have not been validated in patient-derived atopic or asthmatic cells, limiting clinical generalizability.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70470","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'impact_flag' of practice_changing reflects mechanistic novelty (immunometabolic reprogramming) rather than a direct clinical trial outcome.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This in vitro study evaluated whether TSLP induces an immunometabolic program in human circulating type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) from healthy non-atopic donors, and whether tezepelumab (anti-TSLP monoclonal antibody) can reverse this process, focusing on Th2 polarization and Treg function.","key_result":"TSLP drove metabolic hyperactivation in cDC2s (increased glycolysis + mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation), promoting pathogenic Th2 responses and generating FOXP3+ Tregs with impaired suppressive function; tezepelumab reversed these metabolic and functional changes, limiting Th2 polarization and restoring Treg fitness.","limitations":"Experiments were performed entirely in vitro using cDC2s from healthy non-atopic donors, limiting direct translation to atopic/asthmatic patients. No in vivo or clinical correlation data were provided. Sample sizes and quantitative effect magnitudes are not reported in the abstract.","practice_takeaway":"These findings offer a mechanistic rationale for early TSLP blockade with tezepelumab in type 2 airway diseases: it may reset pathogenic DC-driven immune programs upstream, beyond simple cytokine neutralization. Clinicians can use this to contextualize tezepelumab's broad efficacy across asthma endotypes and CRSwNP."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70438","pmid":"42530386","title":"Efficacy of Full and Limited Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Randomised Controlled Trial","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2026-07-30T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70438","source_score":31,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-05T13:22:58.490Z","updated_at":"2026-08-05T13:22:58.490Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"category","value":"Immunology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"modality","value":"Endoscopic Sinus Surgery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=94","value_numeric":94},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Randomized Controlled Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"warning","value":"Per-protocol analysis (47 per arm) was used rather than intention-to-treat, which may introduce selection bias and limits the strength of conclusions.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"warning","value":"The enrolled population had prior surgery or systemic medication, so findings may not apply to surgical-naive CRSwNP patients.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70438","tag_type":"warning","value":"The primary outcome difference between groups did not reach the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for SNOT-22 at either timepoint, meaning the trial is effectively a non-inferiority finding, though it was not formally designed as such.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This RCT compared full vs. limited functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in 94 adults with CRSwNP (SNOT-22 ≥ 30, bilateral polyp score ≥ 4, modified Lund-Mackay ≥ 14) at two university hospitals, with primary outcome of SNOT-22 change at 12 and 24 months.","key_result":"Both groups improved significantly, but the difference in SNOT-22 change between full and limited FESS did not reach clinical significance at 12 months (mean difference −9.2) or 24 months (mean difference −2.5). Secondary outcomes including olfaction and polyp load favored full FESS.","limitations":"Per-protocol analysis only included 47 patients per arm, raising concerns about statistical power; the study was conducted at only two university centers, limiting generalizability; and follow-up was capped at 24 months, which may not capture long-term recurrence differences.","practice_takeaway":"Either full or limited FESS is a valid surgical option for CRSwNP — both achieve meaningful HRQoL improvement by 24 months. Surgeons may consider full FESS when better olfactory outcomes and polyp load control are priorities."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","pmid":"42498125","title":"Dupilumab for patients with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis","journal_title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"0091-6749","published_at":"2026-07-24T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":null,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":false},"created_at":"2026-08-13T13:22:51.099Z","updated_at":"2026-08-13T13:22:51.099Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"condition","value":"Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"1","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-4/IL-13 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=62","value_numeric":62},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Randomized Controlled Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"warning","value":"Funded by Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals (dupilumab manufacturers); industry sponsorship is a potential source of bias.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study included patients aged ≥6 years (pediatric and adult), but age-stratified results are not reported in the abstract; generalizability across age groups is uncertain.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.07.006","tag_type":"warning","value":"Total sample size is very small (N=62), which may limit the robustness of subgroup findings, including the comorbid asthma analysis.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Phase 3 RCT (LIBERTY AFRS AIMS) evaluating dupilumab vs. matched placebo over 52 weeks in patients aged ≥6 years with allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), a severe type 2 inflammatory subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis.","key_result":"Dupilumab (n=33) significantly reduced sinus opacification vs. placebo (n=29) at 52 weeks (LMK-CT LSMD −7.36; 95% CI −9.38 to −5.35; P<.001) and cut the risk of systemic corticosteroids and/or sinonasal surgery by 92% (risk difference −29.1%; P=.001). Nasal polyp scores, nasal congestion, and total symptom scores all improved significantly by week 24 and continued to improve at week 52. Adverse event rates were similar between groups (69.7% dupilumab vs. 78.6% placebo).","limitations":"Very small sample size (N=62 total) limits statistical power and generalizability. The trial duration of 52 weeks does not address long-term outcomes or recurrence after stopping treatment. Imbalance in group sizes (33 vs. 29) warrants attention in interpreting effect estimates.","practice_takeaway":"For patients with AFRS—especially those at high risk of repeat surgery or steroid exposure—dupilumab offers significant radiographic, symptomatic, and clinical benefit with a favorable safety profile. Consider dupilumab as a disease-modifying option, particularly in those with comorbid asthma."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","pmid":"42476302","title":"Use of tezepelumab for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps by eosinophilic endotype: WAYPOINT post-hoc analysis","journal_title":"Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","journal_issn":"1081-1206","published_at":"2026-07-20T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-01T13:21:48.300Z","updated_at":"2026-08-01T13:21:48.300Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"brand","value":"Tezspire","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"generic","value":"tezepelumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"modality","value":"TSLP Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=408","value_numeric":408},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Post-Hoc Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"warning","value":"Brand name listed as 'Tezspire' (approved brand); verify local regulatory approval status for the CRSwNP indication.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"warning","value":"ECRS subgroup classification used the Japanese JESREC criteria, which may not translate directly to ECRS definitions used in Western clinical practice.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"warning","value":"The non-ECRS subgroup comprised only ~11.5% of patients (approximately 47 individuals), limiting statistical power for that specific group.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.07.014","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a post-hoc subgroup analysis; results should be interpreted with caution and are hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 WAYPOINT trial evaluated tezepelumab 210 mg SC every 4 weeks vs. placebo over 52 weeks in 408 adults with severe CRSwNP, stratified by ECRS severity subgroups (non-ECRS, mild, moderate, severe) using Japanese JESREC criteria.","key_result":"Tezepelumab significantly reduced total Nasal Polyp Score vs. placebo in both non-/mild ECRS (LS mean difference −1.68, 95% CI −2.27 to −1.09) and moderate/severe ECRS (−2.25, 95% CI −2.64 to −1.87) subgroups (both P<0.0001); nasal congestion scores also improved significantly across all subgroups. No new safety signals were identified.","limitations":"Post-hoc subgroup analysis limits causal inference; ECRS classification used the Japanese JESREC criteria, which may limit generalizability to non-Japanese populations; subgroup sizes (especially non-ECRS at 11.5%) were small.","practice_takeaway":"Tezepelumab appears effective for severe CRSwNP regardless of eosinophilic phenotype, suggesting it can be considered even in patients who do not meet criteria for eosinophilic disease. Clinicians need not restrict its use to high-eosinophil endotypes based on these findings."}},{"doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","pmid":"42337920","title":"Emerging Paediatric Uses of Dupilumab Beyond Approvals","journal_title":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","journal_issn":"0954-7894","published_at":"2026-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.70381","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-28T13:27:19.841Z","updated_at":"2026-06-28T13:27:19.841Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"age_group","value":"pediatric","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Atopic Dermatitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Eosinophilic Esophagitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Food Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Inborn Errors of Immunity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"condition","value":"Prurigo Nodularis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-4/IL-13 Receptor Antagonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence reflects the narrative review design; underlying primary studies are predominantly level 4–5.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"warning","value":"No aggregate sample size is reported across the reviewed studies; individual studies are largely case reports and small series.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sex breakdown of the reviewed paediatric population is not specified in the abstract; 'mixed' sex tag is assumed based on the broad paediatric scope.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70381","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative (not systematic) review; search strategy and inclusion criteria are not formally reported, introducing potential selection bias.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review synthesizes emerging evidence on off-label and investigational uses of dupilumab (anti-IL-4Rα) in paediatric patients, covering inflammatory skin diseases, inborn errors of immunity with atopic phenotypes, transplant-associated immune dysregulation, respiratory conditions, and food allergy — beyond currently approved indications.","key_result":"Across case reports, small case series, and observational studies, off-label paediatric dupilumab use consistently showed meaningful improvements in disease severity and quality of life, with a favourable safety profile — though large controlled trial data are lacking.","limitations":"Evidence base is largely limited to case reports, small case series, and observational studies, precluding firm efficacy or safety conclusions. No prospective controlled trials are available for most emerging indications. Optimal patient selection and long-term safety in children remain undefined.","practice_takeaway":"Dupilumab may offer benefit for paediatric patients with T2-driven conditions beyond its current approvals (e.g., rare immunodeficiencies with atopic phenotypes, transplant-related immune dysregulation), but clinicians should treat use in these settings as investigational and document outcomes rigorously. Prospective studies are urgently needed before broader off-label adoption."}},{"doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","pmid":"42323698","title":"Mepolizumab reduces healthcare resource utilization in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a linked EMR and claims-based pre-post study","journal_title":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"1710-1492","published_at":"2026-06-21T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-22T13:37:57.532Z","updated_at":"2026-07-22T13:37:57.532Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"brand","value":"Nucala","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"mepolizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Anti-IL-5 Monoclonal Antibody","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=245","value_numeric":245},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Pre-Post Observational Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"No control group: the pre-post design cannot rule out natural disease fluctuation, regression to the mean, or concurrent treatment effects as contributors to observed improvements.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sex breakdown was not reported in the abstract; the 'mixed' sex tag is assumed based on adult CRSwNP population norms.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01038-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study was funded or data sourced from OM1 Real-World Data Cloud; potential industry affiliation or selection bias in clinician network data was not assessable from the abstract alone.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This real-world pre-post study evaluated whether mepolizumab initiation (on/after July 29, 2021) reduced CRSwNP-related healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), concomitant medication use, and clinical symptoms in 245 US adults with CRSwNP, comparing 6-month post-initiation outcomes to ≥12 months pre-initiation data from linked EMR and claims records.","key_result":"At 6 months post-mepolizumab, outpatient visits dropped by a mean of 0.82 (95% CI: −1.10 to −0.53, p<0.0001), oral corticosteroid use fell from 36% to 27%, and oral antibiotic use fell from 38% to 23%; symptom burden also decreased, with anosmia down 53%, facial pain/pressure down 35%, nasal discharge down 32%, and nasal obstruction down 29%.","limitations":"Single-arm pre-post design with no control group limits causal inference; follow-up was only 6 months post-initiation; symptom data were clinician-recorded from EMR and may be incomplete or inconsistently documented.","practice_takeaway":"In real-world US practice, starting mepolizumab in CRSwNP patients was linked to fewer specialist visits and reduced reliance on oral corticosteroids and antibiotics within 6 months — clinicians can expect measurable HCRU and symptom benefits relatively early after initiation."}},{"doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","pmid":"42052687","title":"Consensus Review: Predicting Recurrence in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: Multidisciplinary Insights From the RELAPSE Project","journal_title":"Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"1018-9068","published_at":"2026-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.18176/jiaci.1176","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-18T13:24:33.381Z","updated_at":"2026-06-18T13:24:33.381Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"modality","value":"Endoscopic Sinus Surgery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"modality","value":"Surgical Management","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=70","value_numeric":70},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Delphi Consensus Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"warning","value":"Consensus threshold was set at ≥70%, which is lower than some Delphi studies; minority views among ENT specialists (83% agreement vs. 95% among allergists) may reflect meaningful clinical heterogeneity.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"warning","value":"The sample of 70 panelists is relatively small and geographically unspecified, which may limit generalizability across global practice settings.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1176","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study defines recurrence based on expert consensus, not prospective validation — these thresholds (VAS >3, SNOT-22 ≥12) have not yet been externally validated as recurrence criteria in independent cohorts.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A 2-round Delphi consensus study involving 70 multidisciplinary physicians (47 ENT specialists, 22 allergists) aimed to define postoperative recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and identify key prognostic factors for recurrence.","key_result":"Consensus (≥70% agreement) was reached on a recurrence definition: reappearance or worsening of sinonasal symptoms (>3 points on VAS and/or ≥12 points on SNOT-22) and/or objective inflammation (nasal polyposis grade ≥1 or endoscopic/radiological signs), assessed from 1 month postoperatively with recurrence evaluated 6 months thereafter. The top 5 prognostic factors were: NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease, eosinophilic CRSwNP, asthma, extent of surgery, and tissue eosinophilia (>50/high-power field).","limitations":"Consensus reflects expert opinion rather than prospective data; the 70% threshold for consensus is relatively low and may not capture true unanimity; the panel was limited to 70 physicians, which may not represent global practice variation.","practice_takeaway":"Use the agreed definition (VAS >3 and/or SNOT-22 ≥12, plus endoscopic/radiological confirmation) to standardize recurrence assessment starting 1 month post-surgery with follow-up at 6 months. Prioritize close monitoring in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease, eosinophilic CRSwNP, or comorbid asthma, as these are the top-ranked recurrence risk factors."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70415","pmid":"42304188","title":"Remission in Global Airway Diseases:\n EUFOREA\n Consensus Paper","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2026-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70415","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-22T13:24:11.581Z","updated_at":"2026-06-22T13:24:11.581Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"condition","value":"Allergic Rhinitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"modality","value":"Allergen Immunotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biologic Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Expert Consensus / Delphi Panel","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size is applicable — this is a consensus paper with no patient cohort enrolled.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper is published June 2026 but the consensus meeting occurred in October 2025 — findings reflect evidence available at that time.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70415","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study design is expert consensus (Rome, October 2025); individual consensus statements were not graded by evidence level in the abstract.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"An international EUFOREA expert panel evaluated how to define, induce, and maintain disease remission across global airway diseases — severe asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and allergic rhinitis (AR) — in the context of biologics and allergen immunotherapy.","key_result":"The panel reached consensus on five key principles: remission is a valid target regardless of baseline severity; CRSwNP with non-allergic eosinophilic asthma and AR with allergic asthma should be treated as a single unified disease; remission should be assessed per subspecialty while using combined approaches; pragmatic, achievable definitions are preferred; and a 4-week recall window for symptom assessment plus a minimum 12-month period are recommended to define remission.","limitations":"Consensus statements are expert-opinion based without graded evidence levels; clinical heterogeneity across the three airway conditions may limit uniform application of remission criteria; no patient-level outcome data were presented to validate the proposed definitions.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should aim for remission — not just symptom control — in all patients with asthma, CRSwNP, or AR, regardless of disease severity at the start of treatment. Use a 4-week symptom recall window and confirm remission status over at least 12 months when evaluating disease-modifying therapies like biologics or allergen immunotherapy."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70414","pmid":"42299713","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Chinese Adult Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, Phase\n III\n Trial","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2026-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70414","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-25T13:25:25.671Z","updated_at":"2026-06-25T13:25:25.671Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-4 Receptor Alpha Antagonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=63","value_numeric":63},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Randomized Controlled Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"warning","value":"Race/ethnicity is described as Chinese adults, which is inferred from context; the paper does not explicitly state all patients were of Chinese ethnicity in the abstract excerpt provided.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"warning","value":"The full text appended to this paper is the Dupixent US Prescribing Information (PI), not the body of the clinical trial manuscript. All clinical data extracted here derive from the abstract and results sections only; detailed methodology, baseline characteristics tables, and subgroup analyses from the trial manuscript were not available in the provided text.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70414","tag_type":"warning","value":"The trial is notably small (n=63), and level of evidence is rated 2 rather than 1 due to the limited sample size and single-country design.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This Phase III RCT evaluated dupilumab 300 mg Q2W vs. placebo (add-on to daily intranasal corticosteroids) over 24 weeks in 63 Chinese adults with severe, uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).","key_result":"Dupilumab significantly reduced nasal polyp score (NPS) vs. placebo at week 24 (LSMD −1.84, 95% CI −2.53 to −1.15, p<0.0001). It also improved nasal congestion (LSMD −0.54, p=0.0126), total symptom score (LSMD −1.68, p=0.0008), loss of smell (LSMD −0.62, p=0.0072), and SNOT-22 quality-of-life score (LSMD −9.52, p=0.0104). Treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar between groups.","limitations":"- Very small sample size (n=63) limits precision and generalizability.\n- Short 24-week duration; long-term efficacy and safety in Chinese patients remain unknown.\n- Single-country, ethnically homogeneous population may not generalize to other Asian or non-Asian groups.","practice_takeaway":"Dupilumab improves polyp burden and patient-reported symptoms in Chinese adults with severe, uncontrolled CRSwNP, with a safety profile consistent with prior global trials. Clinicians treating this population can expect similar benefits to those seen in broader international studies."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","pmid":"42241008","title":"Oral Corticosteroids and Adverse Events in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","journal_title":"JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery","journal_issn":"2168-6181","published_at":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13237707/","source_score":15,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-12T13:24:25.866Z","updated_at":"2026-06-12T13:24:25.866Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"category","value":"Surgery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"generic","value":"prednisolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"modality","value":"Oral Corticosteroid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=523316","value_numeric":523316},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Nested Case-Control Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text is under embargo until June 4, 2027; summary is based solely on the abstract and results excerpt — granular subgroup data, hazard ratios for individual outcomes, and exact definitions of case diagnoses are not available for verification.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study population is exclusively Korean adults from a single national insurance database; caution is warranted when extrapolating thresholds (e.g., 1.0 g/year) to other populations.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"warning","value":"The matched cohort age is described as 'midpoint approximated,' suggesting some uncertainty in the reported demographic statistics.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This retrospective nested case-control study examined the association between oral corticosteroid (OCS) exposure and systemic adverse events in 165,361 adult patients (≥20 years) with incident chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), using South Korea's national insurance database (2010–2023). OCS exposure was measured by annual duration, cumulative dose, and prescription frequency.","key_result":"Among 523,316 matched patients (51,647 cases; 472,369 controls), high OCS exposure (>90 days/year) significantly raised risk of avascular bone necrosis, osteoporosis, and pneumonia. Cumulative dose ≥1.0 g prednisolone-equivalents/year was linked to a 23% higher overall adverse event risk (aOR 1.23; 95% CI 1.11–1.36), plus elevated risks of avascular bone necrosis, pneumonia, dyslipidemia, heart failure, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. Prescription frequency alone was not independently associated with risk.","limitations":"- Retrospective claims-data design limits ability to confirm diagnosis accuracy or capture over-the-counter steroid use.\n- Study population is Korean adults only, which may limit generalizability to other ethnicities or healthcare systems.\n- Residual confounding (e.g., disease severity, comorbidities driving OCS use) cannot be fully excluded.","practice_takeaway":"Limit cumulative and annual OCS exposure in CRSwNP patients — doses ≥1.0 g/year prednisolone-equivalent carry measurable systemic harm. Prioritize steroid-sparing strategies (e.g., biologics, endoscopic sinus surgery) for patients requiring long-term disease control."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","pmid":"42236047","title":"Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) through an epigenetic lens","journal_title":"Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","journal_issn":"1081-1206","published_at":"2026-06-02T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:10.514Z","updated_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:10.514Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","tag_type":"modality","value":"Epigenetic Regulation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","tag_type":"warning","value":"Only bibliographic metadata was provided for this paper — no abstract, methods, results, or conclusions were available. All structured fields are based solely on the title and journal information. Key result and practice takeaway cannot be populated without the full text.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2026.03.020","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design inferred as 'Review' based on framing in the title ('through an epigenetic lens'), but this has not been confirmed from the full text.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This paper examines the epigenetic mechanisms — including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs — underlying chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), exploring how these changes drive disease pathogenesis.","limitations":"Only a DOI and journal metadata were provided; the full text, methods, sample size, and specific findings are not available for extraction."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","pmid":"42256023","title":"Olfactory mucosal inflammation and barrier disruption correlate with perceived CRSwNP-associated olfactory dysfunction","journal_title":"World Allergy Organization Journal","journal_issn":"1939-4551","published_at":"2026-05-29T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","source_score":4,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-13T15:34:43.934Z","updated_at":"2026-06-13T15:34:43.934Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"condition","value":"Olfactory Dysfunction","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biomarker Analysis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immunofluorescence Staining","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"modality","value":"Quantitative RT-PCR","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=43","value_numeric":43},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Cross-Sectional Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"warning","value":"Controls underwent skull base surgery; though they denied sinonasal disease, their OM may not represent truly healthy tissue, potentially confounding comparisons.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"warning","value":"Olfactory function was measured by patient-reported VAS only, not validated psychophysical testing; this limits the precision of 'severity' classifications.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample sizes are small (especially controls, n=13 for qRT-PCR; n=10 for immunofluorescence), which may reduce statistical power and increase risk of Type I/II errors.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101409","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study is single-center from China; inflammatory endotype distributions in CRSwNP vary geographically, which may limit generalizability to non-Asian populations.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This cross-sectional study examined the local inflammatory mediators and histopathological features of olfactory mucosa (OM) in 30 CRSwNP patients versus 13 controls, correlating findings with patient-reported smell loss severity (VAS) and SNOT-22 scores; OM was sampled intraoperatively during FESS or skull base surgery.","key_result":"CRSwNP OM showed elevated TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13, CLC, CCL11, and CCL18 vs. controls. IL-5 had the strongest positive correlation with smell loss severity (R²=0.132, P<0.05); CLC had the highest ROC discriminatory value (AUC=0.977). Histologically, OMP+ OSNs and KRT18+ sustentacular cells were reduced, KRT5+ basal cells increased, and ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1, and Claudin-3 were downregulated, alongside infiltration of CD45+, CD3+, CD4+ T cells, and eosinophils.","limitations":"- Olfactory function assessed only by symptom-based VAS, not by standardized psychophysical testing (e.g., Sniffin' Sticks).\n- Single-center, cross-sectional design with small sample sizes (n=30 CRSwNP, n=13 controls), limiting generalizability.\n- No longitudinal follow-up, so the trajectory of mucosal changes with treatment or over time cannot be determined.","practice_takeaway":"In CRSwNP patients with severe smell loss, a local type 2/eosinophilic inflammatory pattern—particularly elevated IL-5 and CLC in olfactory mucosa—may explain persistent olfactory dysfunction beyond mechanical obstruction alone. Clinicians should consider that patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP or older age are at higher risk for severe olfactory impairment, which may warrant targeted biologic therapy addressing type 2 inflammation."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","pmid":"42061467","title":"Group 2 innate lymphoid cells: Where are we 15 years out?","journal_title":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"0091-6749","published_at":"2026-04-29T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13198743/","source_score":2,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-09T13:35:54.240Z","updated_at":"2026-07-09T13:35:54.240Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"brand","value":"Mepolizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"brand","value":"Omalizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"brand","value":"Tezepelumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"condition","value":"Allergic Rhinitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"condition","value":"Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"generic","value":"liraglutide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"generic","value":"mepolizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"generic","value":"omalizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"generic","value":"tezepelumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"modality","value":"Allergen Immunotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"modality","value":"Anti-IL-4 Receptor Alpha Monoclonal Antibody","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"modality","value":"Anti-IL-5 Monoclonal Antibody","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"modality","value":"Anti-TSLP Monoclonal Antibody","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"modality","value":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"modality","value":"JAK Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"warning","value":"Author discloses consultant relationship and research support from Sanofi/Regeneron (dupilumab manufacturer), which may introduce bias in interpretation of biologic data.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"warning","value":"Brand tag 'Mepolizumab' does not have a standard proprietary trade name listed in the paper; included based on generic name context. Dupixent is correctly mapped to dupilumab.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"warning","value":"Several referenced findings are from mouse models only; human translation remains uncertain for many ILC2 neuro-endocrine and memory mechanisms.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' impact flag reflects the breadth of mechanistic insight rather than a single trial result; individual cited studies vary widely in design and quality.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2026.04.013","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative review without systematic search methodology; evidence grading and study selection are at author discretion.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review covers 15 years of ILC2 research, focusing on four domains: neural and endocrine modulation of ILC2s, memory/trained immunity, cellular plasticity (ILC2-to-ILC1/ILC3 transitions, IL-10+ and IL-17+ subsets), and ILC2 contributions to adaptive Th2 responses in asthma, CRSwNP, AERD, and allergic rhinitis.","key_result":"ILC2s are now established as central drivers of type 2 inflammation, modulated by a wide network of neuro-endocrine signals (e.g., NMU amplifies, β2-adrenergic and CGRP suppress), capable of memory-like epigenetic reprogramming (Bach2 repression, Fhl2 activation), and able to transdifferentiate into ILC1- or ILC3-like cells under IL-12, IL-18, or IL-1β+IL-23+TGFβ signaling; CD45RO+ ILC2s in nasal polyps and severe asthma correlate with corticosteroid resistance.","limitations":"Almost all mechanistic data come from mouse models, with limited validation in human tissue; ILC2-specific depletion tools in humans do not yet exist, making causal inference difficult; peripheral blood ILC2 findings may not reflect tissue ILC2 behavior.","practice_takeaway":"In severe or steroid-refractory type 2 airway disease (asthma, CRSwNP, AERD), ILC2 activation—especially CD45RO+ steroid-resistant subsets—may explain treatment failure, making upstream alarmin blockade (TSLP, IL-33) or JAK inhibition plausible adjuncts. GLP-1R agonists may reduce ILC2-driven airway inflammation in obese patients with mixed or T2-low asthma and merit further clinical investigation."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","pmid":"42058161","title":"Clinical remission in allergy and clinical immunology practice: State of the art and World Allergy Organization (WAO) call to action","journal_title":"World Allergy Organization Journal","journal_issn":"1939-4551","published_at":"2026-04-20T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","source_score":4,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-07T22:50:04.940Z","updated_at":"2026-05-07T22:50:04.940Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dupixent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"category","value":"Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Allergic Rhinitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Asthma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Atopic Dermatitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Eosinophilic Esophagitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Food Allergy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"condition","value":"Mastocytosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"abrocitinib","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"baricitinib","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"benralizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"dupilumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"lebrikizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"mepolizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"omalizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"tezepelumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"tralokinumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"generic","value":"upadacitinib","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"modality","value":"Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biologic Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"modality","value":"JAK Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review / Expert Consensus Framework","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size is applicable as this is a framework/consensus review, not an original clinical study.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"warning","value":"Remission rates cited for asthma (36–42% in trials; 61–67% in inflammometry-guided cohorts) are not directly comparable due to differing definitions across studies.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 3D-CR framework and ADReS scoring tool are proposed conceptual instruments without prospective validation; treat recommendations as expert consensus, not evidence-based guidelines.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2026.101383","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper discloses use of ChatGPT-5.2 Pro for linguistic refinement; scientific content was author-validated.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This WAO-commissioned narrative review proposes a unified framework for defining clinical remission (CR) across 8 immunoallergic diseases—asthma, allergic rhinitis, CRSwNP, chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, mastocytosis, food allergy, and eosinophilic esophagitis—in the context of emerging biologics, small molecules, and allergen immunotherapy.","key_result":"The authors introduce the **3D-CR model** (Clinical–Biological–Functional domains) and the **Allergic Disease Remission Score (ADReS)** (0–6 scale) to standardize remission characterization. Key disease-specific thresholds proposed include: asthma CR requiring no symptoms/exacerbations, no OCS, and FEV₁ ≥80% for ≥12 months; CSU CR defined as complete symptom resolution off all therapy for ≥6 months; and AD complete remission requiring EASI/SCORAD = 0, DLQI = 0, and no flares for ≥12 months. Biologic-achieved CR rates in severe asthma trials range from 36–42%, rising to 61–67% with inflammometry-guided strategies in selected cohorts.","limitations":"- The framework is expert-consensus based with no prospective validation of 3D-CR or ADReS in real-world cohorts.\n- Remission definitions remain heterogeneous across diseases, and no reliable biomarkers exist for several conditions (e.g., chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis).\n- CR data in asthma derive predominantly from severe asthma biologic trials, limiting generalizability to milder disease.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians can use the 3D-CR framework (Clinical mandatory + Biological + Functional) as a structured lens when assessing long-term treatment response across allergic diseases—complete remission requires all 3 domains, partial remission requires the clinical domain plus one other. The ADReS tool and disease-specific thresholds (e.g., CSU: symptom-free off therapy ≥6 months; asthma: no OCS/exacerbations + FEV₁ ≥80% for ≥12 months) offer a starting point for incorporating remission endpoints into routine follow-up and clinical trial design, though prospective validation is still needed."}},{"doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1150","pmid":"41528360","title":"Severe Asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: Simultaneous Response to Dupilumab","journal_title":"Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology","journal_issn":"1018-9068","published_at":"2026-01-13T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.18176/jiaci.1150","source_score":2,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-14","doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1150","days":"7","issn":"1018-9068","rank":"4","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"2","category":"Allergy","categories":["Allergy"],"_categories":["Allergy"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1150","title":"Severe Asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: Simultaneous Response to Dupilumab.","journal":"Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"","keywords":["Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","Dupilumab","Efficacy","Severe asthma","Simultaneous response"],"pubmed_id":"41528360","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-01-13T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.18176/jiaci.1150","URL":"https://doi.org/10.18176/jiaci.1150","ISSN":["1018-9068"],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":"3","score":1,"title":["Severe Asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: Simultaneous Response to Dupilumab"],"author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"López-González","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"María","family":"Vázquez de la Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ismael","family":"García-Moguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Juárez Rodríguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Correa-Borit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Gandolfo-Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"González-Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Moro-Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Rosado-Ingelmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"González-de-Olano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Domínguez-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"member":"7491","prefix":"10.18176","source":"Crossref","volume":"36","created":{"date-time":"2026-01-13T15:58:48Z","timestamp":1768319928000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2026-01-13T22:43:20Z","timestamp":1768344200774,"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"subject":[],"abstract":null,"relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://www.jiaci.org/ahead-of-print/severe-asthma-and-chronic-rhinosinusitis-with-nasal-polyps--simultaneous-response-to-dupilumab"}},"subtitle":[],"deposited":{"date-time":"2026-01-13T15:58:49Z","timestamp":1768319929000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1018-9068"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"publisher":"Esmon Publicidad, SA","reference":null,"short-title":[],"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]}},"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"original-title":["English"],"container-title":["Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology"],"reference-count":0,"published-online":{"date-time":null,"timestamp":null,"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"references-count":0,"short-container-title":["J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"],"is-referenced-by-count":0},"unpaywall":{"doi":"10.18176/jiaci.1150","is_oa":true,"title":"Severe Asthma and Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: Simultaneous Response to 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Multiple primary objectives required Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons."}},{"doi":"10.1111/cea.70184","pmid":"41309110","title":"Dupilumab Dampens Mucosal Type 2 Response During Acetylsalicylic Acid Challenge in N‐ERD Patients","journal_title":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","journal_issn":"0954-7894","published_at":"2025-11-28T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.70184","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-11-30","doi":"10.1111/cea.70184","days":"7","issn":"0954-7894","rank":"9","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"1","category":"Allergy","categories":["Allergy"],"_categories":["Allergy"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/cea.70184","title":"Dupilumab Dampens Mucosal Type 2 Response During Acetylsalicylic Acid Challenge in N-ERD Patients.","journal":"Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology","methods":"","results":"Sixty minutes after provocation with ASA, N-ERD patients showed a significant increase in type 2 associated cytokines (i.e., TSLP, IL-5 and eotaxin-3) as compared to the other patient groups. This effect was diminished after 24 weeks of dupilumab therapy and was independent of the development of ASA tolerance. Transcriptomics revealed dampened upregulation of type 2 associated pathway genes (i.e., AREG) as well as enhanced downregulation of lipid (i.e., ALOX15) and peroxisome metabolisms (i.e., NOS2) at ASA provocation after dupilumab therapy.","abstract":"$31","keywords":["aspirin‐induced asthma","chronic rhinosinusitis","nasal polyposis","type 2 inflammation"],"pubmed_id":"41309110","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1111/cea.70184","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.70184","ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"link":[{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/cea.70184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Dupilumab Dampens Mucosal Type 2 Response During Acetylsalicylic Acid Challenge in N‐ERD Patients"],"author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Eckl‐Dorna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Morgenstern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Poglitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Arnoldner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Gangl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Tina J.","family":"Bartosik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Campion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Aldine","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Stanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Bangert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"member":"311","prefix":"10.1111","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"archive":["Portico"],"created":{"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:44:38Z","timestamp":1764290678000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:47:34Z","timestamp":1764290854015,"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"license":[{"URL":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","start":{"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":"$32","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cea.70184"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"},"label":"Received","order":0,"value":"2025-04-07"},{"name":"accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"},"label":"Accepted","order":2,"value":"2025-11-12"},{"name":"published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"},"label":"Published","order":3,"value":"2025-11-27"}],"deposited":{"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:44:44Z","timestamp":1764290684000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0954-7894"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2222"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"publisher":"Wiley","reference":[{"DOI":"10.1111/all.13599","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","year":"2019","issue":"1","author":"Kowalski M. 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Transcriptomics after dupilumab showed dampened upregulation of type 2 pathway genes (e.g., AREG) and enhanced downregulation of lipid (ALOX15) and peroxisome metabolism (NOS2) pathways during provocation.","practice_takeaway":"In N‑ERD, dupilumab blunts the acute nasal type 2 mediator response to ASA challenge, but these biomarker changes do not indicate development of ASA tolerance."}}],"initialOffset":21,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Conditions","href":"/hub/tag/condition"},{"name":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"condition","hub_tag_value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps"}}}]]

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