2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T43c,Overall, 316 (165 LGG, 151 HGG) newly diagnosed and 186 (69 LGG, 117 HGG) recurrent cases were included. Grade 2 gliomas were typically larger than grade 4 IDH-wildtype gliomas (43 cm3 vs 17.5 cm3, p < 0.001). Persistent postoperative motor and language deficits occurred in < 4% of cases with newly diagnosed grade 2 tumors, although transient deficits occurred more frequently (9.5% of cases with transient motor deficit and 20% of cases with transient language deficit). For patients with newly diagnosed grade 2 insular gliomas, OS was improved when the residual tumor volume was < 2.7 cm3. Minimizing residual tumor volume was also associated with prolonged PFS and OS for recurrent grade 2 insular gliomas. Similarly, contrast-enhancing tumor EOR > 88.6% was associated with improved PFS and OS for patients with newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. Overall, surgical and medical complications occurred in < 3% of cases. Finally, new permanent arm or leg weakness was significantly associated with worse OS in multivariable analyses (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.14-3.74; p = 0.017).31:Ta4a,Insular gliomas present a unique surgical challenge due to their location near critical vascular structures and proximity to functional brain regions. While different surgical approaches to insular tumors exist, language and motor stimulation mapping are critical for a transcortical approach. The aim of this study was to determine if the transcortical approach to resection of insular gliomas remains a safe and effective strategy by assessing tumor characteristics, surgical outcomes, and postoperative functional outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent tumors. This retrospective analysis included 502 newly diagnosed and recurrent low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and high-grade gliomas (HGGs) of the insula (in 394 unique patients) resected between September 1997 and December 2022 at a single center. Tumors were classified based on the Berger-Sanai zone schema, and contrast-enhancing and non-contrast-enhancing tumor volumes were manually segmented on MRI and used to calculate the extent of resection (EOR). Patient morbidity was assessed at multiple time points from the initial presentation to at least 6 months of follow-up. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between subgroups using unadjusted and propensity score-adjusted Kaplan-Meir and Cox regression analyses. Overall, 316 (165 LGG, 151 HGG) newly diagnosed and 186 (69 LGG, 117 HGG) recurrent cases were included. Grade 2 gliomas were typically larger than grade 4 IDH-wildtype gliomas (43 cm3 vs 17.5 cm3, p < 0.001). Persistent postoperative motor and language deficits occurred in < 4% of cases with newly diagnosed grade 2 tumors, although transient deficits occurred more frequently (9.5% of cases with transient motor deficit and 20% of cases with transient language deficit). For patients with newly diagnosed grade 2 insular gliomas, OS was improved when the residual tumor volume was < 2.7 cm3. Minimizing residual tumor volume was also associated with prolonged PFS and OS for recurrent grade 2 insular gliomas. Similarly, contrast-enhancing tumor EOR > 88.6% was associated with improved PFS and OS for patients with newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. Overall, surgical and medical complications occurred in < 3% of cases. Finally, new permanent arm or leg weakness was significantly associated with worse OS in multivariable analyses (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.14-3.74; p = 0.017). Maximum safe resection using a transcortical approach and cortical and subcortical mapping continues to be a robust surgical strategy with low surgical morbidity for patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent insular gliomas.32:Td9b, OBJECTIVE Insular gliomas present a unique surgical challenge due to their location near critical vascular structures and proximity to functional brain regions. While different surgical approaches to insular tumors exist, language and motor stimulation mapping are critical for a transcortical approach. The aim of this study was to determine if the transcortical approach to resection of insular gliomas remains a safe and effective strategy by assessing tumor characteristics, surgical outcomes, and postoperative functional outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent tumors. METHODS This retrospective analysis included 502 newly diagnosed and recurrent low-grade gliomas (LGGs) and high-grade gliomas (HGGs) of the insula (in 394 unique patients) resected between September 1997 and December 2022 at a single center. Tumors were classified based on the Berger-Sanai zone schema, and contrast-enhancing and non–contrast-enhancing tumor volumes were manually segmented on MRI and used to calculate the extent of resection (EOR). Patient morbidity was assessed at multiple time points from the initial presentation to at least 6 months of follow-up. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between subgroups using unadjusted and propensity score–adjusted Kaplan-Meir and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS Overall, 316 (165 LGG, 151 HGG) newly diagnosed and 186 (69 LGG, 117 HGG) recurrent cases were included. Grade 2 gliomas were typically larger than grade 4 IDH-wildtype gliomas (43 cm 3 vs 17.5 cm 3 , p < 0.001). Persistent postoperative motor and language deficits occurred in < 4% of cases with newly diagnosed grade 2 tumors, although transient deficits occurred more frequently (9.5% of cases with transient motor deficit and 20% of cases with transient language deficit). For patients with newly diagnosed grade 2 insular gliomas, OS was improved when the residual tumor volume was < 2.7 cm 3 . Minimizing residual tumor volume was also associated with prolonged PFS and OS for recurrent grade 2 insular gliomas. Similarly, contrast-enhancing tumor EOR > 88.6% was associated with improved PFS and OS for patients with newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. Overall, surgical and medical complications occurred in < 3% of cases. Finally, new permanent arm or leg weakness was significantly associated with worse OS in multivariable analyses (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.14–3.74; p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Maximum safe resection using a transcortical approach and cortical and subcortical mapping continues to be a robust surgical strategy with low surgical morbidity for patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent insular gliomas. 33:T447,Glioblastoma (GB) cells infiltrate the brain parenchyma and colonize distant regions, driving recurrence and therapy resistance. Here, we examined dynamic microglial responses to infiltrating tumor cells during GB progression. Three-photon imaging in an autochthonous, immunocompetent GB mouse model enabled visualization of microglia-GB interactions at the far infiltration zone (FIZ) in the corpus callosum (CC). GB infiltration speed varied by anatomical location and tumor microtube (TM) number. Microglia increased surveillance in sparsely infiltrated areas but reduced it with higher GB density, revealing a biphasic response. Directional migration toward GB cells was restricted to microglial subsets within a defined spatial range, indicating heterogeneous reactivity. CX3CR1 deficiency enhanced microglial reactivity while limiting GB cell migration. Microglia depletion with the CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 reduced GB cell migration and constrained TM plasticity. Thus, microglia respond to GB cell infiltration in a stage-dependent manner and critically modulate dissemination at the FIZ.25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Glioblastoma: condition Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Glioblastoma (condition). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. Updated daily.\",\"url\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition/Glioblastoma\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Research Hub\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Conditions\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Glioblastoma\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition/Glioblastoma\"}]}}"}}]],["$","$L2f",null,{"title":"Glioblastoma: Research & Clinical Takeaways","description":"Discover peer-reviewed research on Glioblastoma with concise clinician summaries and next-step guidance.","papers":[{"doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","pmid":"42607280","title":"Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Brain Tumors: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis of Patients From the LAANTERN Study","journal_title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","journal_issn":"0732-183X","published_at":"2026-08-17T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5456450","source_score":111,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-24T06:18:25.833Z","updated_at":"2026-08-24T06:18:25.833Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"brand","value":"NeuroBlate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"condition","value":"Brain Metastases","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"condition","value":"Brain Tumor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"condition","value":"High-Grade Glioma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"modality","value":"Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=787","value_numeric":787},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Multicenter Registry Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"warning","value":"Pediatric subgroup (n=18, median age 15 years) is too small for meaningful separate conclusions; clinicians should interpret pediatric findings with caution.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is observational (registry); absence of a control arm means survival associations with EOA and lesion size should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating rather than definitive.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02604","tag_type":"warning","value":"The registry includes a heterogeneous mix of primary and metastatic tumor subtypes; subgroup-level survival data with absolute numbers are not reported in the abstract, limiting precision of outcome estimates.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"The LAANTERN prospective multicenter registry evaluated clinical outcomes of Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) using the Monteris NeuroBlate System in 787 patients (445 primary, 342 metastatic brain tumors) across 25 US centers from 2015–2023.","key_result":"Adverse event rate was 12.8% (65.5% transient); mortality was 0.25%; median hospital stay was 32.4 hours; 62.6% avoided ICU admission; 80% stopped steroids and 30–40% stopped anticonvulsants post-LITT; QoL remained stable up to 3 years; greater extent of ablation (EOA) improved survival in high-grade glioma, and smaller lesion size improved outcomes in recurrent metastases.","limitations":"Registry-based observational design without a randomized control arm limits causal inference; patient selection bias across 25 centers may affect generalizability; pediatric subgroup was very small (n=18), limiting conclusions in that population.","practice_takeaway":"LITT appears safe and feasible for both primary and metastatic brain tumors, with short stays and low complication rates — consider maximizing extent of ablation in glioblastoma and selecting smaller metastatic lesions to optimize survival benefit."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","pmid":"42497861","title":"Disease-associated microglia adopt stage-specific phenotypes that regulate T cell fate and immunity in glioma","journal_title":"Immunity","journal_issn":"1074-7613","published_at":"2026-07-24T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","source_score":24,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":null,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":false},"created_at":"2026-07-28T14:02:19.958Z","updated_at":"2026-07-28T14:02:19.958Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"category","value":"Immunology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"generic","value":"PD-L1 pathway (target)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immune Checkpoint","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Preclinical Animal Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"warning","value":"Impact flag 'practice_changing' reflects the conceptual novelty of targeting microglial states, but no clinical or therapeutic intervention data are presented in this preclinical study.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size (N) for cell counts or animal numbers was reported in the abstract; sample_size tag omitted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study conducted entirely in the GL261 mouse model; translational relevance to human glioma (especially IDH-wild-type GBM) is inferred but not directly demonstrated.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.024","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper's DOI date (2026-07-24) is 4 days before today's date; treat as a very recent publication that may not yet have peer commentary or replication.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study examined how glioma-associated microglia adopt distinct phenotypic states across tumor regions in the GL261 mouse glioma model, using single-cell profiling and spatial transcriptomics to map microglial states and their regulation of T cell interactions during tumor progression.","key_result":"Cst7-expressing disease-associated microglia (DAMs) preferentially aggregated at the tumor invasive margin and shared a conserved transcriptional signature with microglia in other CNS pathologies; IFN-γ and TLR signaling sequentially drove transient MHC-II upregulation and sustained PD-L1 expression on DAMs, reshaping bidirectional DAM–T cell interactions across glioma stages.","limitations":"Findings are based on a single mouse glioma model (GL261), which may not fully recapitulate human glioma biology; the study is largely observational/correlative without therapeutic intervention data; causal mechanisms linking specific DAM states to T cell fate outcomes in vivo require further validation.","practice_takeaway":"Microglial state transitions — especially sustained PD-L1 upregulation on DAMs — represent a stage-specific immunosuppressive mechanism in glioma distinct from tumor cell-intrinsic PD-L1; this suggests that targeting microglial plasticity could be a complementary strategy to reinvigorate anti-tumor T cell responses in glioblastoma."}},{"doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","pmid":"42418736","title":"Intracranial Injection of Investigational Ex Vivo Expanded and Activated Gamma-Delta T Cells Engineered With a Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase–Expressing Lentivector in Patients With Primary Glioblastoma","journal_title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","journal_issn":"0732-183X","published_at":"2026-07-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/jco-25-02463","source_score":26,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:22.319Z","updated_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:22.319Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"brand","value":"Temodar","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"generic","value":"temozolomide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"modality","value":"Alkylating Agent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"modality","value":"Gamma-Delta T Cell Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"modality","value":"Gene-Modified Cell Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=13","value_numeric":13},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Phase I Clinical Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"warning","value":"Brand tag 'Temodar' added for temozolomide; confirm preferred institutional name if needed.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"warning","value":"Median OS (15.6 months) equals median follow-up (15.6 months), suggesting survival data are immature and likely not yet fully evaluable.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"warning","value":"No comparator arm; PFS and OS benchmarking against standard-of-care (e.g., Stupp protocol) is not directly performed in this report.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1200/jco-25-02463","tag_type":"warning","value":"Only 13 of 23 enrolled patients were treated; reasons for non-treatment are not detailed, which may introduce selection bias.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A phase I trial evaluating intracranial injection of MGMT-expressing lentivector-engineered gamma-delta (γδ) T cells (DRI) combined with IV/oral TMZ in 13 treated patients with newly diagnosed GBM (92% IDH-WT, 54% MGMT unmethylated), across 3 dose cohorts (1, 3, or up to 6 doses of 1×10⁷ cells) delivered via Rickham catheter.","key_result":"No dose-limiting toxicities, CRS, or neurotoxicity were observed. Median PFS was 8.0 months (single dose, Cohort 1), 9.9 months (all patients), and 16.1 months (repeated doses, Cohorts 2–3); median OS was 15.6 months across all treated patients at median follow-up of 15.6 months.","limitations":"Very small treated sample (n=13); no control arm for direct comparison; short and variable follow-up limits survival conclusions.","practice_takeaway":"This early-phase signal suggests intracranial γδ T cell therapy combined with TMZ is feasible and well-tolerated in GBM, with repeated dosing appearing to improve PFS. Larger controlled trials are needed before clinical adoption."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","pmid":"42379164","title":"Lactate binds and inhibits the innate immune sensor STING to promote tumor immune evasion","journal_title":"Immunity","journal_issn":"1074-7613","published_at":"2026-06-30T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","source_score":35,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-17T13:24:11.958Z","updated_at":"2026-07-17T13:24:11.958Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"category","value":"Immunology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cancer Immune Evasion","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"generic","value":"anti-PD-1","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"modality","value":"Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"modality","value":"PKM2 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"modality","value":"STING Pathway Modulation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Preclinical Mechanistic Study with Human Correlative Data","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"warning","value":"Anti-PD-1 is referenced generically without a specific branded agent; no brand tag was applied.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"warning","value":"No specific sample size (n) is reported in the abstract for human glioblastoma cohorts; sample_size tag was omitted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"warning","value":"The impact_flag 'practice_changing' is applied cautiously given the strength of the mechanistic and translational findings, pending clinical validation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.immuni.2026.06.004","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study is preclinical/mechanistic with human glioblastoma correlative data — no clinical trial results are reported; the 'practice_changing' flag reflects the novelty of the mechanism and therapeutic hypothesis, not proven clinical benefit.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study examined how aerobic glycolysis — specifically lactate produced via EGFR→PKM2→LDHA signaling — suppresses STING-mediated innate immune activation in the tumor microenvironment, and whether PKM2 inhibition can reverse this in glioblastoma models.","key_result":"Lactate directly bound the cGAMP-binding domain of STING, blocking IRF3-dependent cytokine expression. EGFR-driven PKM2 phosphorylation of LDHA at S161 boosted lactate output, reduced immune cell infiltration, and promoted tumor growth. Pharmacological PKM2 inhibition restored STING activity, reduced immune evasion, and synergized with anti-PD-1 therapy. In human glioblastoma, high LDHA S161 phosphorylation correlated with reduced STING activation, fewer cytotoxic immune cells, and worse survival.","limitations":"Findings in glioblastoma may not generalize to other tumor types with different metabolic profiles. The study is primarily mechanistic; direct clinical evidence for PKM2 inhibitor + anti-PD-1 efficacy in patients is absent. Correlative survival data in human glioblastoma cannot establish causality.","practice_takeaway":"Targeting the PKM2–LDHA–lactate axis may unlock STING-mediated antitumor immunity, particularly in glycolysis-high tumors like glioblastoma. Combining PKM2 inhibitors with anti-PD-1 therapy warrants investigation in clinical trials."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","pmid":"42373751","title":"Imaging the hallmarks of cancer","journal_title":"Nature Reviews Cancer","journal_issn":"1474-175X","published_at":"2026-06-29T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","source_score":72,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-07T13:26:15.358Z","updated_at":"2026-07-07T13:26:15.358Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"brand","value":"Lutathera","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Breast Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Melanoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Neuroendocrine Tumors","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Prostate Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"generic","value":"5-aminolevulinic acid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"generic","value":"atezolizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"generic","value":"fluorodeoxyglucose F-18","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"generic","value":"lutetium Lu-177 dotatate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"generic","value":"lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-617","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"generic","value":"pafolacianine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fluorescence-Guided Imaging","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Optoacoustic Imaging","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Positron Emission Tomography","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Radiomics","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Radiopharmaceutical Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Ultrasound","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text was inaccessible; all extracted content is based on the abstract, reference list, glossary, and publisher page — key data, figures, and tables could not be reviewed.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design tagged as 'Narrative Review' based on abstract language; no systematic search strategy or PRISMA methodology was described, so formal classification as a systematic review is not supported.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41568-026-00950-y","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper is dated June 2026 and cites several articles from 2025–2026, including some that may themselves be preprints or early publications; clinical readiness of some discussed technologies may change rapidly.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This review evaluates non-invasive diagnostic imaging technologies mapped to the hallmarks of cancer framework — covering PET, MRI, ultrasound, optoacoustics, and fluorescence imaging — as tools to detect, monitor, and stratify tumors across the full spectrum of cancer biology.","key_result":"Multiple hallmarks can now be imaged directly (e.g., HER2/PSMA/KRAS via PET probes, tumor metabolism via FDG-PET and hyperpolarized ¹³C-MRI, immune checkpoints via PD-L1 PET) or indirectly (e.g., angiogenesis via DCE-MRI, tumor stiffness via elastography); AI-assisted radiomics and radiogenomics further enable non-invasive molecular subtyping and therapy response prediction.","limitations":"- Full text was not accessible; the summary is based on the abstract and publisher page text, which may omit key findings, nuance, or data tables.\n- As a narrative review, it does not provide pooled effect sizes or systematic quality assessments.\n- Clinical translation of many described techniques remains early-phase or investigational.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should be aware that a growing toolkit of hallmark-targeted imaging agents (e.g., PSMA-PET, CD8-PET, hyperpolarized ¹³C-MRI, PD-L1 PET) can guide treatment selection, monitor immunotherapy responses, and detect tumor heterogeneity non-invasively. AI-based radiomics tools are increasingly validated for predicting molecular status (e.g., EGFR, KRAS, HRD) from standard imaging, with direct implications for therapy stratification."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","pmid":"42337052","title":"GABA signaling activation drives glioblastoma progression in female mice through myeloid-derived suppressor cells","journal_title":"Nature Cancer","journal_issn":"2662-1347","published_at":"2026-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","source_score":66,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-26T13:25:26.128Z","updated_at":"2026-06-26T13:25:26.128Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"generic","value":"GABA receptor B antagonist (unspecified)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"modality","value":"GABA Receptor Antagonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immunotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"sex","value":"female","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Preclinical Animal Study with Human Correlative Data","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full paper body was not accessible — only the abstract was parsed; sample sizes, detailed statistical results, and specific GABBR antagonist agents used could not be extracted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design label 'Preclinical Animal Study with Human Correlative Data' is a composite; no single canonical label fully captures the mixed design.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01192-5","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' impact flag is applied cautiously: findings are preclinical; no clinical trial data are reported.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study examined whether GABA receptor B (GABBR) signaling drives sex-specific, immune-mediated glioblastoma (GBM) progression, focusing on granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (gMDSCs) in female preclinical models and human GBM immune cells.","key_result":"GABBR signaling enhanced T cell suppression by gMDSCs in female mice via the CAT2–L-arginine–NOS2 pathway; GABBR agonism promoted GBM tumor growth, while GABBR antagonism extended survival and reduced NOS2 in tumor-infiltrating gMDSCs — effects seen **only in female mice**. Female GBM patients also showed enriched GABA transcriptional signatures and higher GABA concentrations than males.","limitations":"Full text was not retrievable beyond the abstract, limiting assessment of sample sizes, statistical rigor, and human data scope. Findings are primarily from preclinical (mouse) models, and translation to human clinical outcomes is not yet established.","practice_takeaway":"GABA pathway inhibition may be a sex-specific immunotherapy strategy worth evaluating in female GBM patients. Clinicians and trialists should consider biological sex as a variable when designing GBM immunotherapy studies."}},{"doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","pmid":"42258702","title":"A pan-cancer single-cell analysis of intratumoral copy number diversity and evolution","journal_title":"Cancer Discovery","journal_issn":"2159-8274","published_at":"2026-06-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","source_score":34,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-18T13:24:27.596Z","updated_at":"2026-06-18T13:24:27.596Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Aneuploidy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bladder Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Breast Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Colorectal Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Lung Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Ovarian Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"condition","value":"Renal Cell Carcinoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"modality","value":"Bulk Exome Sequencing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"modality","value":"Single-Cell Copy Number Profiling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"modality","value":"Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=94","value_numeric":94},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Pan-Cancer Single-Cell Genomic Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size refers to 94 tumors (not patients); the number of individual patients is not explicitly stated as distinct from tumor count.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sex of participants is not reported in the abstract; sex tag was omitted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0964","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is observational/descriptive — no interventional or survival outcome data are reported, limiting direct clinical translation.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Pan-cancer single-cell copy number alteration (CNA) profiling of 94 human tumors across 7 cancer types (bladder, breast, colon, glioblastoma, kidney, lung, ovarian), analyzing 62,646 aneuploid cells alongside bulk exome sequencing and single-nucleus RNA-seq to characterize intratumoral CNA heterogeneity and evolutionary patterns.","key_result":"Subclonal CNA diversity correlated with higher CNA burden, whole genome doubling, TP53 mutations, and greater geographic tumor diversity; all tumors shared truncal CNAs consistent with single-ancestral-cell origin, and most accumulated CNAs in evolutionary bursts, supporting punctuated evolution as a common pan-cancer mechanism.","limitations":"Only 94 tumors across 7 cancer types limits generalizability; single-nucleus RNA-seq was performed in only 6 samples, restricting transcriptomic integration; the study is observational and cannot establish causality between CNA diversity and clinical outcomes.","practice_takeaway":"Punctuated CNA evolution and TP53-associated subclonal diversity are common across multiple cancer types — clinicians should consider that bulk sequencing may underestimate true intratumoral heterogeneity, which could affect treatment resistance and monitoring strategies."}},{"doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","pmid":"42159488","title":"Armored chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy targets antigen-heterogeneous glioma","journal_title":"Cancer Research","journal_issn":"0008-5472","published_at":"2026-05-20T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","source_score":52,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-26T13:35:13.185Z","updated_at":"2026-05-26T13:35:13.185Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"generic","value":"IL-12","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"generic","value":"IL-18 (decoy-resistant)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"6","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"modality","value":"Anti-VEGF Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"modality","value":"CAR-T Cell Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"modality","value":"Cytokine Armoring","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Preclinical In Vivo Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size (number of mice) is reported in the abstract; the sample_size tag has been omitted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design classification as 'Preclinical In Vivo Study' is based on the abstract description; full study design details were not available for verification.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1158/0008-5472.can-26-1515","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a preclinical study in immunocompetent mice; no human clinical data are reported. Findings may not directly translate to clinical outcomes.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study evaluated armored CAR-T cells co-expressing IL-12 and a decoy-resistant form of IL-18 (CAR-12.DR18), alone and combined with anti-VEGF-A secreting CAR-T cells, against antigen-heterogeneous glioblastoma in immunocompetent mouse models.","key_result":"CAR-12.DR18 T cells showed strong efficacy against antigen-heterogeneous glioma; combining them with anti-VEGF-A secreting CAR-T cells achieved robust anti-tumor efficacy while mitigating toxicity in immunocompetent mice.","limitations":"Results are limited to preclinical mouse models; clinical translation and human safety/efficacy data are absent. Antigen targets and durability of response in humans remain untested.","practice_takeaway":"While not yet in clinical use, this combination armored CAR-T strategy—pairing IL-12/decoy-resistant IL-18 secretion with anti-VEGF-A CAR-T cells—offers a potential path to overcoming antigen heterogeneity and immune suppression in glioblastoma. Clinicians should watch for early-phase trials testing this approach."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","pmid":"42120910","title":"Adjuvant personalized multivalent neoantigen DNA vaccination for MGMT unmethylated glioblastoma: a phase 1 trial","journal_title":"Nature Cancer","journal_issn":"2662-1347","published_at":"2026-05-12T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","source_score":480,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-19T13:22:56.880Z","updated_at":"2026-05-19T13:22:56.880Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"MGMT Unmethylated Glioblastoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"GNOS-PV01","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"INO-9012","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Electroporation-Enhanced Delivery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Plasmid-Encoded IL-12 Adjuvant","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=9","value_numeric":9},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Phase 1 Clinical Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence assigned as 3 (single-arm phase 1 trial with preliminary efficacy data); no randomized comparator arm exists.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size is very small (n=9); survival outcomes should be interpreted with caution and not compared directly to historical controls without adjustment.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s43018-026-01163-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"The published abstract reports outcomes from the GT-20 trial, but the bulk of the full text provided is the study protocol (version 11/14/2022), not the final results manuscript — some granular efficacy and safety details from the results paper may not be fully represented.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Phase 1 single-arm open-label trial (GT-20, NCT04015700) evaluating safety, feasibility, immunogenicity, and preliminary efficacy of GNOS-PV01 — a personalized DNA neoantigen vaccine (up to 40 neoantigens/patient) plus plasmid IL-12 adjuvant (INO-9012), delivered via intramuscular electroporation (CELLECTRA 2000) — in 9 adults with newly diagnosed MGMT unmethylated glioblastoma following surgical resection and radiation (no temozolomide).","key_result":"No serious adverse events, unexpected toxicities, or dose-limiting toxicities occurred. Peripheral T-cell activation and expansion were observed in all evaluated patients except one on dexamethasone. 6-month PFS: 66.7%; 12-month OS: 66.7%; median PFS: 8.5 months; median OS: 16.3 months; 24-month survival: 33%, with one patient alive at 4 years post-surgery.","limitations":"- Very small sample (n=9); no control arm, limiting causal inference on survival outcomes.\n- Single-institution, single-arm design precludes comparison to concurrent standard-of-care controls.\n- Dexamethasone use abolished T-cell responses in at least one patient, suggesting corticosteroid dependency may blunt vaccine efficacy in a meaningful subset.","practice_takeaway":"GNOS-PV01 appears safe and feasible in MGMT unmethylated glioblastoma, with no dose-limiting toxicities across 9 patients. Clinicians should note that concurrent dexamethasone may suppress vaccine-induced T-cell responses, and steroid minimization strategies warrant consideration when planning neoantigen vaccination."}},{"doi":"10.3171/2025.12.jns251889","pmid":"42102401","title":"Maximum safe resection of insular gliomas: update on surgical outcomes from 500 cases","journal_title":"Journal of Neurosurgery","journal_issn":"0022-3085","published_at":"2026-05-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.3171/2025.12.jns251889","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-05-11","doi":"10.3171/2025.12.jns251889","days":"7","issn":"1933-0693","rank":"9","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"7","category":"Surgery","categories":["Surgery"],"_categories":["Surgery"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.3171/2025.12.JNS251889","title":"Maximum safe resection of insular gliomas: update on surgical outcomes from 500 cases.","journal":"Journal of neurosurgery","methods":"","results":"$30","abstract":"$31","keywords":["brain mapping","diffuse glioma","extent of resection","insular glioma","oncology","transcortical approach","tumor"],"pubmed_id":"42102401","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-05-08T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.3171/2025.12.jns251889","URL":"https://doi.org/10.3171/2025.12.jns251889","ISSN":["0022-3085","1933-0693"],"link":[{"URL":"https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/aop/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889.xml","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://thejns.org/downloadpdf/journals/j-neurosurg/aop/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889.xml","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https://thejns.org/downloadpdf/journals/j-neurosurg/aop/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":"1-17","type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Maximum safe resection of insular gliomas: update on surgical outcomes from 500 cases"],"author":[{"given":"Jacob S.","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"}]},{"given":"Nadeem N.","family":"Al-Adli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California;"}]},{"given":"Grazia","family":"Menna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, USZ Foundation Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; and"}]},{"given":"Jasper K. W.","family":"Gerritsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"}]},{"given":"Ramin A.","family":"Morshed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"}]},{"given":"Shawn L.","family":"Hervey-Jumper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"}]},{"given":"Mitchel S.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco;"}]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"member":"1754","prefix":"10.3171","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2026-05-09T01:53:46Z","timestamp":1778291626000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2026-05-13T10:07:43Z","timestamp":1778666863052,"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"subject":[],"abstract":"$32","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/aop/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889/article-10.3171-2025.12.JNS251889.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"deposited":{"date-time":"2026-05-13T09:08:21Z","timestamp":1778663301000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0022-3085"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1933-0693"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"publisher":"Journal of Neurosurgery Publishing Group (JNSPG)","reference":[{"DOI":null,"key":"b1","year":"2019","issue":"4","author":"Morshed RA","volume":"63","first-page":"450","unstructured":"Morshed RA, Young JS, Hervey-Jumper SL, Berger MS. 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