2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T79c,Patients with skin of color (SOC) face unique dermatologic challenges that are often underrepresented in research and in dermatological education, creating critical gaps in care. We aimed to identify and explore key gaps in research and clinical management for SOC across four domains: skin diseases, hair disorders, photoprotection, and aesthetic procedures. An international panel reviewed articles retrieved from PubMed using the search terms "skin of color" or "skin of colour" in titles and abstracts from September 2019 to September 2024. Inflammatory skin diseases, including acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rosacea, are common in SOC subjects, necessitating tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches due to unique clinical presentations and specific challenges such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and erythema detection. Pigmentary disorders such as melasma and acne-induced hyperpigmentation significantly impact quality of life in SOC, requiring cautious treatment to avoid exacerbation, while the unregulated use of skin bleaching agents containing high-potency corticosteroids can pose serious health risks. Skin cancer in SOC often presents at advanced stages with poorer outcomes due to lower awareness and unique clinical manifestations, resulting in delayed diagnosis. Hair disorders in SOC populations require tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches due to unique hair properties. Gaps in photoprotection education on SOC exacerbate pigmentary disorders and other dermatologic conditions, with limited research on effective sunscreens for this population. In aesthetic dermatology, misconceptions and knowledge gaps regarding the prevention of complications hinder access to safe and effective procedures for SOC subjects, compounded by inadequate diversity in clinical trials. Inclusive research, improved diagnostic accuracy, and customized procedures are needed to ensure equitable dermatologic care.31:T7ef,ABSTRACT Patients with skin of color (SOC) face unique dermatologic challenges that are often underrepresented in research and in dermatological education, creating critical gaps in care. We aimed to identify and explore key gaps in research and clinical management for SOC across four domains: skin diseases, hair disorders, photoprotection, and aesthetic procedures. An international panel reviewed articles retrieved from PubMed using the search terms “skin of color” or “skin of colour” in titles and abstracts from September 2019 to September 2024. Inflammatory skin diseases, including acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and rosacea, are common in SOC subjects, necessitating tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches due to unique clinical presentations and specific challenges such as post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation and erythema detection. Pigmentary disorders such as melasma and acne‐induced hyperpigmentation significantly impact quality of life in SOC, requiring cautious treatment to avoid exacerbation, while the unregulated use of skin bleaching agents containing high‐potency corticosteroids can pose serious health risks. Skin cancer in SOC often presents at advanced stages with poorer outcomes due to lower awareness and unique clinical manifestations, resulting in delayed diagnosis. Hair disorders in SOC populations require tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approaches due to unique hair properties. Gaps in photoprotection education on SOC exacerbate pigmentary disorders and other dermatologic conditions, with limited research on effective sunscreens for this population. In aesthetic dermatology, misconceptions and knowledge gaps regarding the prevention of complications hinder access to safe and effective procedures for SOC subjects, compounded by inadequate diversity in clinical trials. Inclusive research, improved diagnostic accuracy, and customized procedures are needed to ensure equitable dermatologic care.32:T656,Melasma is a chronic refractory pigmentation disorder. Kligman triple (KT) formula is the gold standard. A dermocosmetic (DC) serum containing vitamin B3 and 2-mercaptonicotinyl glycine has been developed for melasma. This study assessed the benefits of DC serum compared to KT in melasma. A randomized, single-blind 6-month study was conducted in women with melasma. Subjects were randomized to Group A (morning: serum; evening: cream, for 6 months) or to Group B (1st 3 months: morning: skin hydrating gel; evening: KT, followed by 3 months of DC routine regimen); all subjects applied a sunscreen with an SPF 50+ twice daily. Assessments included MASI, mMASI, IGA, skin hydration, radiance and fine wrinkles, tolerance, and quality of life (QoL) using MELASQOL. Ninety-one women aged 44 ± 6 years of Phototypes III (30%) and IV (36%) were recruited. Both regimens significantly (p < 0.05) improved MASI after 3 months. A clinically relevant difference in favor of KT was observed. Three months after the switch, both Group A (38.1%) and Group B (41.2%) provided a similar significant (p < 0.05) percentage reduction of MASI score, with no between-group difference. The mMASI and IGA showed similar results. QoL and skin hydration significantly (p < 0.05) improved in both groups after 6 months. Skin radiance and fine wrinkles also improved. Global tolerance was better with the DC routine. Both DC routine and KT significantly improved melasma after 3 months of use. DC further improved melasma when replacing KT for 3 further months, with similar results when used alone for 6 months.33:T806,ABSTRACTIntroductionMelasma is a chronic refractory pigmentation disorder. Kligman triple (KT) formula is the gold standard. A dermocosmetic (DC) serum containing vitamin B3 and 2‐mercaptonicotinyl glycine has been developed for melasma. This study assessed the benefits of DC serum compared to KT in melasma.Material and MethodsA randomized, single‐blind 6‐month study was conducted in women with melasma. Subjects were randomized to Group A (morning: serum; evening: cream, for 6 months) or to Group B (1st 3 months: morning: skin hydrating gel; evening: KT, followed by 3 months of DC routine regimen); all subjects applied a sunscreen with an SPF 50+ twice daily. Assessments included MASI, mMASI, IGA, skin hydration, radiance and fine wrinkles, tolerance, and quality of life (QoL) using MELASQOL.ResultsNinety‐one women aged 44 ± 6 years of Phototypes III (30%) and IV (36%) were recruited. Both regimens significantly (p < 0.05) improved MASI after 3 months. A clinically relevant difference in favor of KT was observed. Three months after the switch, both Group A (38.1%) and Group B (41.2%) provided a similar significant (p < 0.05) percentage reduction of MASI score, with no between‐group difference. The mMASI and IGA showed similar results. QoL and skin hydration significantly (p < 0.05) improved in both groups after 6 months. Skin radiance and fine wrinkles also improved. Global tolerance was better with the DC routine.ConclusionsBoth DC routine and KT significantly improved melasma after 3 months of use. DC further improved melasma when replacing KT for 3 further months, with similar results when used alone for 6 months.25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Melasma: condition Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Melasma (condition). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. Updated daily.\",\"url\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition/Melasma\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Research Hub\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Conditions\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Melasma\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition/Melasma\"}]}}"}}]],["$","$L2f",null,{"title":"Melasma: Research & Clinical Takeaways","description":"Discover peer-reviewed research on Melasma with concise clinician summaries and next-step guidance.","papers":[{"doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","pmid":"42418191","title":"Melasma","journal_title":"JAMA Dermatology","journal_issn":"2168-6068","published_at":"2026-07-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","source_score":3,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-13T17:42:28.088Z","updated_at":"2026-07-13T17:42:28.088Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"condition","value":"Melasma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"generic","value":"tranexamic acid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"modality","value":"Chemical Peel","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"modality","value":"Laser Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"modality","value":"Microneedling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"modality","value":"Topical Depigmenting Agent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Patient Education / Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence is assigned as 7 (expert opinion/patient education material) given the absence of study methodology or data.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design label 'Patient Education / Review' is used as no standard research design applies.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0413","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a JAMA Dermatology Patient Page (lay education article), not a primary research study or systematic review — no original data or statistical findings are reported.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This Patient Page covers the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for melasma, targeting a general and clinical audience.","key_result":"Melasma affects about 1 in 100 people, is most common in women of reproductive age, and is more prevalent in those of African, Asian, Hispanic, and Middle Eastern ancestry. Treatments (topical agents, oral tranexamic acid, procedures) can improve but not cure the condition, with improvement often taking several months.","limitations":"This is a patient education summary, not an original research study — no primary data, control groups, or outcome measures are reported.","practice_takeaway":"Counsel patients that daily broad-spectrum tinted sunscreen (SPF ≥30), topical lightening agents, and — for severe cases — oral tranexamic acid are the mainstays of management. Set clear expectations: melasma is chronic, improvement takes months, and procedures should be done by a board-certified dermatologist to minimize adverse effects."}},{"doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","pmid":null,"title":"Microneedling Combined with Photothermal-Biomodulated Autologous PRP to Enhance Exosome Release in Refractory Melasma: A Case Report","journal_title":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","journal_issn":"1178-7015","published_at":"2026-05-01T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s596645","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":false,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-23T13:25:04.153Z","updated_at":"2026-05-23T13:25:04.153Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"brand","value":"Meta Cell Technology (MCT System)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"condition","value":"Melasma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"generic","value":"platelet-rich plasma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"modality","value":"Microneedling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"modality","value":"Photobiomodulation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"modality","value":"Platelet-Rich Plasma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=1","value_numeric":1},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"sex","value":"male","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Case Report","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"warning","value":"Article Processing Charges were paid by Meta Cell Technology, the manufacturer of the device used — a potential conflict of interest not declared by authors but disclosed in the funding section.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study population is a single white male (Fitzpatrick II), limiting applicability to higher phototypes most commonly affected by melasma.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s596645","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'Exosomes' preset used was described as exploratory with no established protocol for melasma; exosome quantification was not performed, so the claimed mechanism of action (enhanced exosome release) was not directly verified.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A 35-year-old male (Fitzpatrick type II) with refractory facial melasma unresponsive to prior topical and laser therapies was treated with 3 monthly sessions of robotic microneedling followed by intradermal injections of photothermal-biomodulated autologous PRP (PTBM-PRP), preconditioned with blue light (467 nm, 1 J/cm², 37°C for 10 minutes) using the Meta Cell Technology system.","key_result":"After 3 monthly sessions, marked clinical improvement was observed — visible lightening of the malar and temporal regions on photography and stereophotogrammetric comparison — with no adverse effects reported.","limitations":"- Single-case design with no control group severely limits generalizability.\n- No validated quantitative outcome score (e.g., MASI) was used; assessment was qualitative only.\n- No long-term follow-up to assess durability or recurrence risk.","practice_takeaway":"PTBM-PRP combined with microneedling showed tolerability and visual improvement in one refractory melasma case, but clinicians should not adopt this as standard care until controlled trials with standardized outcome measures confirm these findings."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","pmid":"42047762","title":"Effectiveness of Radiofrequency Microneedling in the Treatment of Dermatological Conditions: A Systematic Review","journal_title":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","journal_issn":"0364-216X","published_at":"2026-04-28T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-07T22:49:32.722Z","updated_at":"2026-05-07T22:49:32.722Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"category","value":"Surgery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Atrophic Acne Scars","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Melasma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Photoaging","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Rosacea","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Skin Laxity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"condition","value":"Striae","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"generic","value":"botulinum toxin A","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Botulinum Toxin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fractional Laser","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"modality","value":"Radiofrequency Microneedling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=41 studies","value_numeric":41},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence is assigned as '2' based on systematic review of RCTs and cohort studies, but the journal's own assigned level was not explicitly stated in the provided text.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size tag reflects number of included studies (n=41), not individual patients — total patient count is not reported in the abstract.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00266-026-05834-y","tag_type":"warning","value":"The PROSPERO registration number (CRD420251089393) appears unusually formatted — may contain a typographic error in the source.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Systematic review evaluating the clinical effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of radiofrequency microneedling (RFMN) across multiple dermatological indications (acne scars, skin laxity/photoaging, rosacea, melasma, striae, axillary hyperhidrosis) in 41 studies published January 2015–July 2025.","key_result":"RFMN consistently reduced atrophic acne scar scores with efficacy comparable to fractional lasers, and improved wrinkle scales, dermal density, and submental volume for skin laxity/photoaging. Botulinum toxin A outperformed RFMN for primary axillary hyperhidrosis. Side effects were mostly transient (erythema, edema, pain); post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation was infrequent and self-limited. PROs showed high satisfaction and minimal downtime.","limitations":"- Heterogeneity in devices, technical parameters (temperature, pulse width, cooling), and outcome measures limits cross-study comparisons.\n- Inconsistent reporting of device settings prevents protocol standardization.\n- No meta-analysis performed; findings are narratively synthesized only.","practice_takeaway":"RFMN is a safe, well-tolerated option for atrophic acne scars, skin laxity, and photoaging across diverse Fitzpatrick skin types — consider it as a first-line or adjunct procedure with a favorable recovery profile. For primary axillary hyperhidrosis, botulinum toxin A remains the stronger choice over RFMN."}},{"doi":"10.1111/ijd.70101","pmid":"41195756","title":"International Expert Consensus on Knowledge Gaps in Care for Dermatologic Disorders in Skin of Color","journal_title":"International Journal of Dermatology","journal_issn":"0011-9059","published_at":"2025-11-06T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.70101","source_score":4,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-11-11","doi":"10.1111/ijd.70101","days":"7","issn":"0011-9059","rank":"6","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"4","category":"Dermatology","categories":["Dermatology"],"_categories":["Dermatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/ijd.70101","title":"International Expert Consensus on Knowledge Gaps in Care for Dermatologic Disorders in Skin of Color.","journal":"International journal of dermatology","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"$30","keywords":["SOC","acne keloid","alopecia","atopic dermatitis","healthcare disparities","knowledge gap","melasma","skin of color","skin pigmentation"],"pubmed_id":"41195756","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1111/ijd.70101","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.70101","ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"link":[{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ijd.70101","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["International Expert Consensus on Knowledge Gaps in Care for Dermatologic Disorders in Skin of Color"],"author":[{"given":"Henry W.","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Henry Ford Health Detroit Michigan USA"}]},{"given":"Chengfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Huashan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai China"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Epsom & St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust Sutton UK"}]},{"given":"Ncoza C.","family":"Dlova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nelson R. 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formal consensus methodology is not detailed.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"An international panel reviewed PubMed articles with “skin of color” or “skin of colour” in the title/abstract from September 2019 to September 2024 to map research and clinical care gaps for skin of color across skin diseases, hair disorders, photoprotection, and aesthetic procedures.","key_result":"The panel highlighted consistent gaps: inflammatory diseases in skin of color need tailored diagnosis and treatment due to unique presentations and challenges detecting erythema and managing post‑inflammatory hyperpigmentation; pigmentary disorders strongly affect quality of life and unsafe skin bleaching with high‑potency corticosteroids poses serious risks; skin cancer often presents late with poorer outcomes; and photoprotection and aesthetic care lack inclusive evidence and guidance.","limitations":"The search was limited to PubMed and to papers with “skin of color/colour” in the title or abstract, which may miss relevant studies. No quantitative outcomes or effect estimates are reported, and formal consensus methods are not described.","practice_takeaway":"In patients with skin of color, expect different visual cues and prioritize detection of erythema and post‑inflammatory hyperpigmentation; tailor treatment and counsel on photoprotection and the dangers of unregulated bleaching agents. Be vigilant for late‑presenting skin cancers and proceed cautiously with aesthetic procedures given sparse, non‑inclusive trial data."}},{"doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","pmid":"41051055","title":"A New Hope for Melasma: Long‐Term Clearance With 755‐nm Picosecond Alexandrite Laser and Topical JAK Inhibition","journal_title":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","journal_issn":"1473-2130","published_at":"2025-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.70495","source_score":4,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-10-06","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","days":"7","issn":"1473-2130","rank":"6","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"4","category":"Dermatology","categories":["Dermatology"],"_categories":["Dermatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","title":"A New Hope for Melasma: Long-Term Clearance With 755-nm Picosecond Alexandrite Laser and Topical JAK Inhibition.","journal":"Journal of cosmetic 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Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"modality","value":"Laser Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"modality","value":"Sunscreen","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=1","value_numeric":1},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"sex","value":"female","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Case Report","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"warning","value":"Combined intervention (laser, topical tofacitinib, tinted sunscreen) limits attribution of effect.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"warning","value":"Protocol details (device settings, formulation) are specific to this case, which may limit generalizability.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70495","tag_type":"warning","value":"Single-patient case report with no control; findings are hypothesis‑generating only.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Single-patient case report of a 31-year-old Fitzpatrick IV woman with 4-year refractory malar melasma treated with one 755‑nm picosecond alexandrite laser session, then maintenance with topical tofacitinib 2% twice daily plus iron oxide–tinted sunscreen, followed for 9 months.","key_result":"Marked clearance with homogeneous tone after the single laser session, maintained for 9 months before gradual relapse; no adverse effects, post‑inflammatory hyperpigmentation, or rebound were reported.","limitations":"Single patient with no comparator; multimodal regimen prevents attribution of benefit to any single component; follow‑up durability assessed only to 9 months.","practice_takeaway":"In darker phototypes with refractory melasma, a single 755‑nm picosecond alexandrite laser session followed by topical JAK inhibition and visible‑light photoprotection may achieve months‑long clearance without PIH, but this remains preliminary and needs confirmation in controlled studies."}},{"doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","pmid":"41036635","title":"A Novel Dermocosmetic Routine Containing Vitamin B3 and 2‐Mercaptonicotinyl Glycine Significantly Improves Melasma After 3 Months of Daily Use","journal_title":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","journal_issn":"1473-2130","published_at":"2025-10-02T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.70476","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-10-06","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","days":"7","issn":"1473-2130","rank":"8","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"1","category":"Dermatology","categories":["Dermatology"],"_categories":["Dermatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","title":"A Novel Dermocosmetic Routine Containing Vitamin B3 and 2-Mercaptonicotinyl Glycine Significantly Improves Melasma After 3 Months of Daily Use.","journal":"Journal of cosmetic dermatology","methods":"","results":"Ninety-one women aged 44 ± 6 years of Phototypes III (30%) and IV (36%) were recruited. Both regimens significantly (p < 0.05) improved MASI after 3 months. A clinically relevant difference in favor of KT was observed. Three months after the switch, both Group A (38.1%) and Group B (41.2%) provided a similar significant (p < 0.05) percentage reduction of MASI score, with no between-group difference. The mMASI and IGA showed similar results. QoL and skin hydration significantly (p < 0.05) improved in both groups after 6 months. Skin radiance and fine wrinkles also improved. 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Agent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=91","value_numeric":91},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","tag_type":"sex","value":"female","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Randomized Controlled Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","tag_type":"warning","value":"6‑month comparison is limited by the switch design after 3 months in the Kligman arm.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","tag_type":"warning","value":"Manufacturer funding and author employment introduce potential bias.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/jocd.70476","tag_type":"warning","value":"Single-center, women-only cohort; results may not generalize to men or Asian populations noted as absent.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A randomized, single-blind, 6-month trial in 91 adult women with epidermal melasma compared a dermocosmetic routine (niacinamide + 2‑mercaptonicotinyl glycine serum in the morning; night cream) used for 6 months versus Kligman triple (fluocinolone/tretinoin/hydroquinone) for 3 months then switch to the dermocosmetic. All participants used SPF 50+ twice daily; primary endpoints were MASI and mMASI at Months 3 and 6.","key_result":"At Month 3, MASI fell by 19.5% with the dermocosmetic and 30.5% with Kligman triple (both p<0.05; between-group difference not significant); at Month 6, reductions were 38.1% and 41.2%, respectively, with no between-group difference. Skin hydration improved with the dermocosmetic (+9.6% at 3 months; continued +6.3% by 6 months), did not change with Kligman triple, and increased in the switch group after Month 3 (+6.1%); tolerance favored the dermocosmetic (no local issues at 6 months: 90% vs 66%).","limitations":"Single-center, single-blind trial in women only limits generalizability. The Kligman arm switched to the dermocosmetic at 3 months, so the 6‑month comparison is not a continuous head‑to‑head; the study was industry funded and included sponsor employees among authors.","practice_takeaway":"In women with epidermal melasma, a niacinamide/2‑mercaptonicotinyl glycine dermocosmetic achieved similar 6‑month MASI reductions to Kligman triple and improved hydration with better tolerance. It is a reasonable alternative to Kligman triple or a maintenance option after a 3‑month Kligman course."}}],"initialOffset":6,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"condition","value":"Melasma"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Conditions","href":"/hub/tag/condition"},{"name":"Melasma"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"condition","hub_tag_value":"Melasma"}}}]]

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