2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:Taaa,Mental disorders have been associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors that may mediate the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). To estimate the association of ACS among patients with mental disorders, as compared with patients without mental disorders. MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed were searched for studies between July 1, 2025, and date of database inception. Study screening was performed in duplicates with conflicts resolved upon consensus. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) observational or randomized study, (2) measured association with ACS (incident events, risk ratio, odds ratio, hazard ratio [HR]), and (3) investigated any clinical mental disorder (based on DSM and International Classification of Diseases) before ACS events. This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Data extraction was performed in duplicate and resolved on consensus. Data were quantitatively synthesized through random-effects meta-analysis. The National Institutes of Health Study Quality Assessment Tools were used to assess the quality of included studies. Studies were analyzed from January 1966 to October 2021. Association and/or risk of ACS. Among 3616 initially identified studies, 25 full-text articles met inclusion criteria with 22 048 504 participants of median (IQR) age 48.0 (34.5-56.1) years, with 13 019 897 males (59.1%). Depressive disorder (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.11-1.78; P = .01; Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE] certainty = very low), anxiety disorder (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.40-1.89; P < .001; GRADE certainty = low), sleep disorder (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.22-2.10; P < .001; GRADE certainty = low), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; HR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.94-3.84; P < .001; GRADE certainty = moderate) were associated with increased risk of ACS. Bipolar (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.47-4.61; P = .28; GRADE certainty = very low) and psychotic (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.01-178.30; P = .06; GRADE certainty = very low) disorders were not significantly associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, although they had similar point estimates to some other mental disorders. Results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, PTSD, and sleep disorders were associated with an increased risk of ACS. Particularly, PTSD and sleep disorders emerged as significant risk factors for ACS, indicating the potential impact of sleep quality on cardiovascular outcomes. Future research addressing these limitations could provide more nuanced insights into the association between mental health and ACS.31:T134f, Importance Mental disorders have been associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors that may mediate the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Objective To estimate the association of ACS among patients with mental disorders, as compared with patients without mental disorders. Data Sources MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed were searched for studies between July 1, 2025, and date of database inception. Study Selection Study screening was performed in duplicates with conflicts resolved upon consensus. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) observational or randomized study, (2) measured association with ACS (incident events, risk ratio, odds ratio, hazard ratio [HR]), and (3) investigated any clinical mental disorder (based on DSM and International Classification of Diseases ) before ACS events. Data Extraction and Synthesis This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Data extraction was performed in duplicate and resolved on consensus. Data were quantitatively synthesized through random-effects meta-analysis. The National Institutes of Health Study Quality Assessment Tools were used to assess the quality of included studies. Studies were analyzed from January 1966 to October 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures Association and/or risk of ACS. Results Among 3616 initially identified studies, 25 full-text articles met inclusion criteria with 22 048 504 participants of median (IQR) age 48.0 (34.5-56.1) years, with 13 019 897 males (59.1%). Depressive disorder (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.11-1.78; P = .01; Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE] certainty = very low), anxiety disorder (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.40-1.89; P &lt; .001; GRADE certainty = low), sleep disorder (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.22-2.10; P &lt; .001; GRADE certainty = low), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; HR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.94-3.84; P &lt; .001; GRADE certainty = moderate) were associated with increased risk of ACS. Bipolar (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.47-4.61; P = .28; GRADE certainty = very low) and psychotic (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.01-178.30; P = .06; GRADE certainty = very low) disorders were not significantly associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, although they had similar point estimates to some other mental disorders. Conclusions and Relevance Results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, PTSD, and sleep disorders were associated with an increased risk of ACS. Particularly, PTSD and sleep disorders emerged as significant risk factors for ACS, indicating the potential impact of sleep quality on cardiovascular outcomes. Future research addressing these limitations could provide more nuanced insights into the association between mental health and ACS. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Sleep Disorder: condition Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Sleep Disorder (condition). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. Updated daily.\",\"url\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition/Sleep%20Disorder\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Research Hub\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Conditions\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Sleep Disorder\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/condition/Sleep%20Disorder\"}]}}"}}]],["$","$L2f",null,{"title":"Sleep Disorder: Research & Clinical Takeaways","description":"Discover peer-reviewed research on Sleep Disorder with concise clinician summaries and next-step guidance.","papers":[{"doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","pmid":"42509311","title":"Association between parental ADHD and adverse offspring outcomes: Evidence from a nationwide Swedish register-based study","journal_title":"Molecular Psychiatry","journal_issn":"1359-4184","published_at":"2026-07-27T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","source_score":69,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-04T18:17:54.743Z","updated_at":"2026-08-04T18:17:54.743Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"category","value":"Neurosciences","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychiatry","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anxiety Disorders","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Autism Spectrum Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Major Depressive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"condition","value":"Sleep Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"modality","value":"ADHD Medication","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=601569","value_numeric":601569},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Matched Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"warning","value":"ADHD diagnosis rates in parents may differ by birth year and sex, potentially biasing exposure classification, particularly for older parents and mothers diagnosed before widespread recognition of adult ADHD.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"warning","value":"The matched analytic sample (n=601,569) is smaller than the total birth cohort (N=1,164,580); the sample size tag reflects the matched analysis population used for Cox regression.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41380-026-03770-6","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study cannot fully disentangle genetic transmission from parenting environment effects — both likely contribute to observed associations.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This nationwide Swedish register-based cohort study examined whether parental ADHD (identified via diagnosis or medication prescription) is associated with 24 adverse outcomes — psychiatric, behavioral, and somatic — in offspring born 2000–2014 (N = 1,164,580 total; 56,853 with parental ADHD matched 1:10 to 544,716 controls), followed until December 31, 2020.","key_result":"Parental ADHD was associated with elevated risk across nearly all 24 outcomes. Psychiatric disorders showed the strongest associations (HR range: 1.49 for intellectual disability to 4.47 for offspring ADHD). Behavioral outcomes ranged from HR 1.08 (falls) to 1.82 (assault/victimization). Somatic outcomes ranged from HR 1.04 (type 1 diabetes) to 2.47 (sleep disorder). Risks were highest when both parents had ADHD. After adjusting for offspring lifetime ADHD, most associations persisted, except for intellectual disability and epilepsy.","limitations":"- Observational design cannot establish causality or fully separate genetic from environmental pathways.\n- Parental ADHD may be underdiagnosed (especially in older or female parents), introducing exposure misclassification.\n- The study population is limited to Sweden, which may limit generalizability to other healthcare systems or ethnicities.","practice_takeaway":"Children of parents with ADHD face broadly elevated risks spanning mental health, safety, and physical health — clinicians should consider proactive developmental surveillance and family-focused support for these families. Risk is greatest when both parents have ADHD, suggesting a dose-response pattern that could help prioritize resource allocation."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","pmid":"42149225","title":"Systematic review: Efficacy of off-label antipsychotic use in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive, mood dysregulation, depression, anxiety, and sleep-related disorders","journal_title":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry","journal_issn":"1018-8827","published_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","source_score":11,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-22T13:22:19.207Z","updated_at":"2026-05-22T13:22:19.207Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"age_group","value":"pediatric","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"category","value":"Pediatrics","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anxiety Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Borderline Personality Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Major Depressive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Sleep Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"generic","value":"amisulpride","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"generic","value":"aripiprazole","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"generic","value":"clozapine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"generic","value":"lurasidone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"generic","value":"quetiapine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"generic","value":"risperidone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"modality","value":"Atypical Antipsychotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=241","value_numeric":241},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age range spans 6–18 years with likely inclusion of one 18-year-old; the review is predominantly but not exclusively under-18.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence tag set to '3' reflecting systematic review methodology, but the review itself found only very low quality (GRADE) primary studies — the overall evidence base is effectively much weaker than the review design level implies.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"warning","value":"No studies on anxiety or sleep disorders were identified, so tags for these conditions reflect intended scope rather than included data.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00787-026-03049-9","tag_type":"warning","value":"Total sample size of n=241 is an approximation summing patients across OCD (137), mood dysregulation (91), and depression (13) categories; some patients from overlapping Masi et al. studies may have been counted twice.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This systematic review assessed the efficacy of off-label antipsychotic use in children and adolescents (<18 years) for OCD, mood dysregulation, depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, searching MEDLINE, EBM Reviews, and PsycINFO through October 2025 and evaluating evidence using GRADE.","key_result":"Of 2,237 screened studies, only 13 met inclusion criteria (5 on OCD, 6 on mood dysregulation/borderline disorders, 2–3 on depression; total patients: OCD n=137, mood dysregulation n=91, depression n=13). All 13 studies rated **very low** certainty of evidence by GRADE — no RCTs, no studies on anxiety or sleep disorders were found. Standardized mean score changes ranged from 0.5–1.8 (OCD) and 0.6–1.4 (mood dysregulation), but without control arms these are uninterpretable.","limitations":"- All 13 included studies were uncontrolled (case series, open-label trials, one case report); no placebo-controlled or randomized trials existed.\n- Small sample sizes, heterogeneous comorbidities, concomitant medications, and variable outcome measures prevented meta-analysis or publication bias assessment.\n- Only English-language studies were included, raising risk of language bias.","practice_takeaway":"There is no reliable evidence to support off-label antipsychotic prescribing for OCD, mood dysregulation, depression, anxiety, or sleep disorders in children and adolescents — yet use is rising sharply. Clinicians should carefully weigh known metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological risks against unproven benefits before prescribing antipsychotics off-label in this age group."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","pmid":"41533387","title":"Mental Disorders as a Risk Factor of Acute Coronary Syndrome","journal_title":"JAMA Psychiatry","journal_issn":"2168-622X","published_at":"2026-01-14T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","source_score":88,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-16","doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","days":"14","issn":"2168-622X","rank":"9","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"88","category":"Psychiatry","categories":["Psychiatry"],"_categories":["Psychiatry"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","title":"Mental Disorders as a Risk Factor of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","journal":"JAMA psychiatry","methods":"","results":"Among 3616 initially identified studies, 25 full-text articles met inclusion criteria with 22 048 504 participants of median (IQR) age 48.0 (34.5-56.1) years, with 13 019 897 males (59.1%). Depressive disorder (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.11-1.78; P = .01; Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE] certainty = very low), anxiety disorder (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.40-1.89; P < .001; GRADE certainty = low), sleep disorder (HR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.22-2.10; P < .001; GRADE certainty = low), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; HR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.94-3.84; P < .001; GRADE certainty = moderate) were associated with increased risk of ACS. Bipolar (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.47-4.61; P = .28; GRADE certainty = very low) and psychotic (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.01-178.30; P = .06; GRADE certainty = very low) disorders were not significantly associated with increased risk of acute myocardial infarction, although they had similar point estimates to some other mental disorders.","abstract":"$30","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"41533387","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","ISSN":["2168-622X"],"link":[{"URL":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/articlepdf/2843974/jamapsychiatry_gupta_2026_oi_250072_1767899228.97231.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Mental Disorders as a Risk Factor of Acute Coronary Syndrome"],"author":[{"given":"Arnav","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}]},{"given":"Tushar","family":"Tejpal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona"}]},{"given":"Chanhee","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Fabiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"SCIENCES Lab, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Selina","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SCIENCES Lab, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa: Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"MacNeil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Dain R.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Aleksova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Siddiqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Solmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"SCIENCES Lab, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Regional Centre for the Treatment of Eating Disorders and On Track: The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada"}]},{"given":"Jess G.","family":"Fiedorowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"}]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"member":"10","prefix":"10.1001","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2026-01-14T16:00:59Z","timestamp":1768406459000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2026-01-15T02:39:29Z","timestamp":1768444769623,"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"subject":[],"abstract":"$31","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/2843974"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"deposited":{"date-time":"2026-01-14T16:01:00Z","timestamp":1768406460000,"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2168-622X"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","reference":[{"DOI":"10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.00269.x","key":"yoi250072r1","year":"2006","issue":"1","author":"Thombs","volume":"21","first-page":"30","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Prevalence of depression in survivors of acute myocardial infarction.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1161/CIR.0000000000000019","key":"yoi250072r2","year":"2014","issue":"12","author":"Lichtman","volume":"129","first-page":"1350","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Depression as a risk factor for poor prognosis among patients with acute coronary syndrome: systematic review and recommendations: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.","journal-title":"Circulation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1161/CIR.0000000000000229","key":"yoi250072r3","year":"2015","issue":"10","author":"Goldstein","volume":"132","first-page":"965","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder predispose youth to accelerated atherosclerosis and early cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.","journal-title":"Circulation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","key":"yoi250072r4","year":"2020","issue":"10258","author":"Vos","volume":"396","first-page":"1204","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.","journal-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/joim.12329","key":"yoi250072r5","year":"2015","issue":"6","author":"Bodén","volume":"277","first-page":"727","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Higher mortality after myocardial infarction in patients with severe mental illness: a nationwide cohort study.","journal-title":"J Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30377-7","key":"yoi250072r6","year":"2017","issue":"4","author":"Edmondson","volume":"4","first-page":"320","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular disease.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00735.x","key":"yoi250072r7","year":"2009","issue":"6","author":"Goldstein","volume":"11","first-page":"657","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and hypertension among adults with bipolar I disorder in the US.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1002/wps.20069","key":"yoi250072r8","year":"2013","issue":"3","author":"Vancampfort","volume":"12","first-page":"240","unstructured":null,"article-title":"A meta-analysis of cardiometabolic abnormalities in drug naive, first-episode and multiepisode patients with schizophrenia versus general population controls.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00083","key":"yoi250072r9","year":"2017","issue":null,"author":"Najjar","volume":"8","first-page":"83","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Neurovascular unit dysfunction and blood-brain barrier hyperpermeability contribute to schizophrenia neurobiology: a theoretical integration of clinical and experimental evidence.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.9758/cpn.2019.17.2.211","key":"yoi250072r10","year":"2019","issue":"2","author":"Oral","volume":"17","first-page":"211","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Evaluation of endothelial dysfunction in bipolar affective disorders: serum endocan and urotensin II levels.","journal-title":"Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.3390/brainsci13030490","key":"yoi250072r11","year":"2023","issue":"3","author":"Wiedlocha","volume":"13","first-page":"490","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Oxidative stress biomarkers among schizophrenia inpatients.","journal-title":"Brain Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.15420/icr.2022.31","key":"yoi250072r12","year":"2023","issue":null,"author":"Tam To","volume":"18","first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":"Coronary artery disease in patients with severe mental illness.","journal-title":"Interv Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.10.023","key":"yoi250072r13","year":"2024","issue":"11","author":"Caspi","volume":"95","first-page":"1038","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Accelerated pace of aging in schizophrenia: 5 case-control studies.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1038/s41386-023-01557-9","key":"yoi250072r14","year":"2023","issue":"6","author":"Lima","volume":"48","first-page":"954","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Association between the epigenetic lifespan predictor GrimAge and history of suicide attempt in bipolar disorder.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.06.004","key":"yoi250072r15","year":"2012","issue":"3","author":"Sodhi","volume":"73","first-page":"175","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Evidence for accelerated vascular aging in bipolar disorder.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/bdi.12921","key":"yoi250072r16","year":"2020","issue":"5","author":"Goldstein","volume":"22","first-page":"440","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Call to action regarding the vascular-bipolar link: a report from the Vascular Task Force of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00345-9","key":"yoi250072r17","year":"1997","issue":"4","author":"Laghrissi-Thode","volume":"42","first-page":"290","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Elevated platelet factor 4 and ß-thromboglobulin plasma levels in depressed patients with ischemic heart disease.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwad118","key":"yoi250072r18","year":"2023","issue":"15","author":"Herrmann-Lingen","volume":"30","first-page":"1580","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Mental disorders and cardiovascular disease: not just an issue of older age.","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.019","key":"yoi250072r19","year":"2015","issue":"7","author":"Bittner","volume":"66","first-page":"765","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Comprehensive cardiovascular risk factor control improves survival: the BARI 2D trial.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1136/bmj.j2099","key":"yoi250072r20","year":"2017","issue":null,"author":"Hippisley-Cox","volume":"357","first-page":"j2099","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Development and validation of QRISK3 risk prediction algorithms to estimate future risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study.","journal-title":"BMJ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1093/eurheartj/ehl338","key":"yoi250072r21","year":"2006","issue":"23","author":"Nicholson","volume":"27","first-page":"2763","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Depression as an etiologic and prognostic factor in coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of 6362 events among 146 538 participants in 54 observational studies.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1192/bjp.bp.111.103549","key":"yoi250072r22","year":"2012","issue":"4","author":"Roest","volume":"200","first-page":"324","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Myocardial infarction and generalized anxiety disorder: 10-year follow-up.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1136/bmj.n71","key":"yoi250072r23","year":"2021","issue":"71","author":"Page","volume":"372","first-page":"n71","unstructured":null,"article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews.","journal-title":"BMJ","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","key":"yoi250072r25","year":"2011","issue":"4","author":"Guyatt","volume":"64","first-page":"383","unstructured":null,"article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1053/j.sart.2021.11.005","key":"yoi250072r26","year":"2021","issue":null,"author":"Ashraf","volume":"32","first-page":"327","unstructured":null,"article-title":"The association of alcohol use disorder with perioperative outcomes after primary total shoulder arthroplasty for glenohumeral osteoarthritis: a retrospective matched cohort study.","journal-title":"Semin Arthroplasty","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181ad55e3","key":"yoi250072r27","year":"2009","issue":"7","author":"Chen","volume":"71","first-page":"798","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Increased risk of acute myocardial infarction for patients with panic disorder: a nationwide population-based study.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.01.016","key":"yoi250072r28","year":"2019","issue":null,"author":"Cho","volume":"121","first-page":"14","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Socioeconomic status and depression as combined risk factors for acute myocardial infarction and stroke: A population-based study of 2.7 million Korean adults.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.5665/sleep.3240","key":"yoi250072r29","year":"2013","issue":"12","author":"Chung","volume":"36","first-page":"1963","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Sleep disorders and increased risk of subsequent acute coronary syndrome in individuals without sleep apnea: a nationwide population-based cohort study.","journal-title":"Sleep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0153838","key":"yoi250072r30","year":"2016","issue":"4","author":"Daskalopoulou","volume":"11","first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":"Depression as a risk factor for the initial presentation of 12 cardiac, cerebrovascular, and peripheral arterial diseases: data linkage study of 1.9 million women and men.","journal-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.04.023","key":"yoi250072r31","year":"2023","issue":null,"author":"Flygare","volume":"381","first-page":"120","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Association of anxiety or depression with risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and death after myocardial infarction: a nationwide registry study.","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.recesp.2013.11.009","key":"yoi250072r32","year":"2014","issue":"7","author":"Gili","volume":"67","first-page":"545","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Cocaine use disorders and acute myocardial infarction, excess length of hospital stay and overexpenditure.","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1097/PSY.0000000000000199","key":"yoi250072r33","year":"2015","issue":"7","author":"Hsu","volume":"77","first-page":"743","unstructured":null,"article-title":"The association between insomnia and increased future cardiovascular events: a nationwide population-based study.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1097/PSY.0000000000000846","key":"yoi250072r34","year":"2020","issue":"8","author":"Iozzia","volume":"82","first-page":"736","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Association of recognized and unrecognized myocardial infarction with depressive and anxiety disorders in 125?988 individuals: a report of the Lifelines cohort study.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.05.021","key":"yoi250072r35","year":"2017","issue":"4","author":"Jakobsen","volume":"120","first-page":"550","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Severe mental illness and clinical outcome after primary percutaneous coronary intervention.","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jacc.2010.03.033","key":"yoi250072r36","year":"2010","issue":"1","author":"Janszky","volume":"56","first-page":"31","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Early-onset depression, anxiety, and risk of subsequent coronary heart disease: 37-year follow-up of 49?321 young Swedish men.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.4093/dmj.2020.0008","key":"yoi250072r37","year":"2021","issue":"3","author":"Jung","volume":"45","first-page":"379","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with diabetes and coexisting depression: a nationwide population-based cohort study.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1001/jamacardio.2016.2716","key":"yoi250072r38","year":"2016","issue":"8","author":"Khambaty","volume":"1","first-page":"929","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Association between depressive disorders and incident acute myocardial infarction in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults: Veterans Aging Cohort Study.","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.4093/dmj.2022.0431","key":"yoi250072r39","year":"2024","issue":"1","author":"Lee","volume":"48","first-page":"122","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Psychotic disorders and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and all-cause mortality: a population-based matched cohort study.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.3109/00048670903487209","key":"yoi250072r40","year":"2010","issue":"3","author":"Lin","volume":"44","first-page":"273","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Increased risk of acute myocardial infarction after acute episode of schizophrenia: 6-year follow-up study.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/pcn.12125","key":"yoi250072r41","year":"2014","issue":"4","author":"Lin","volume":"68","first-page":"263","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Increased subsequent risk of acute coronary syndrome for patients with depressive disorder: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.74","key":"yoi250072r42","year":"2010","issue":"7","author":"Martens","volume":"67","first-page":"750","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Scared to death—generalized anxiety disorder and cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease: the Heart and Soul Study.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jvs.2020.07.094","key":"yoi250072r43","year":"2021","issue":"4","author":"McGuinness","volume":"73","first-page":"1376","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Cannabis use disorder and perioperative outcomes in vascular surgery.","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2425","key":"yoi250072r44","year":"2023","issue":"1","author":"Nakada","volume":"66","first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":"Individual and joint associations of anxiety disorder and depression with cardiovascular disease: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study.","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwad102","key":"yoi250072r45","year":"2023","issue":"15","author":"Park","volume":"30","first-page":"1582","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Increased cardiovascular events in young patients with mental disorders: a nationwide cohort study.","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jad.2016.01.015","key":"yoi250072r46","year":"2016","issue":null,"author":"Prieto","volume":"194","first-page":"120","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Long-term risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in bipolar I disorder: a population-based cohort study.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.004572","key":"yoi250072r47","year":"2018","issue":"7","author":"Remch","volume":"11","first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and cardiovascular diseases: a cohort study of men and women involved in cleaning the debris of the World Trade Center complex.","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.08.016","key":"yoi250072r48","year":"2022","issue":"2","author":"Sharp","volume":"79","first-page":"93","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Are mental health and substance use disorders risk factors for missed acute myocardial infarction diagnoses among chest pain or dyspnea encounters in the emergency department?","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.066","key":"yoi250072r49","year":"2023","issue":null,"author":"Um","volume":"325","first-page":"604","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Does panic disorder increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases in diabetics: a nationwide population-based study.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1371/journal.pone.0134763","key":"yoi250072r50","year":"2015","issue":"8","author":"Wu","volume":"10","first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":"Relative risk of acute myocardial infarction in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a population-based cohort study.","journal-title":"PLoS One","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1002/wps.20420","key":"yoi250072r51","year":"2017","issue":"2","author":"Correll","volume":"16","first-page":"163","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Prevalence, incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease in patients with pooled and specific severe mental illness: a large-scale meta-analysis of 3?211?768 patients and 113,383,368 controls.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1161/JAHA.120.017986","key":"yoi250072r52","year":"2021","issue":"1","author":"Lu","volume":"10","first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":"Genetic liability to depression and risk of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular outcomes.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1093/eurheartj/eht387","key":"yoi250072r54","year":"2014","issue":"21","author":"Gustad","volume":"35","first-page":"1394","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Symptoms of anxiety and depression and risk of acute myocardial infarction: the HUNT 2 study.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/S0278-5846(01)00150-6","key":"yoi250072r55","year":"2001","issue":"4","author":"Strik","volume":"25","first-page":"879","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Depression and myocardial infarction: relationship between heart and mind.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1159/000089227","key":"yoi250072r56","year":"2006","issue":"1","author":"Benninghoven","volume":"75","first-page":"56","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Influence of anxiety on the course of heart disease after acute myocardial infarction—risk factor or protective function?","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815c1e93","key":"yoi250072r57","year":"2008","issue":"1","author":"Lin","volume":"70","first-page":"73","unstructured":null,"article-title":"No higher risk of myocardial infarction among bipolar patients in a 6-year follow-up of acute mood episodes.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1038/s41380-023-02109-9","key":"yoi250072r58","year":"2023","issue":"6","author":"Biazus","volume":"28","first-page":"2508","unstructured":null,"article-title":"All-cause and cause-specific mortality among people with bipolar disorder: a large-scale systematic review and meta-analysis.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.psym.2014.02.001","key":"yoi250072r59","year":"2014","issue":"5","author":"Fiedorowicz","volume":"55","first-page":"485","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Vascular mortality in participants of a bipolar genomics study.","journal-title":"Psychosomatics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181acee26","key":"yoi250072r60","year":"2009","issue":"6","author":"Fiedorowicz","volume":"71","first-page":"598","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Manic/hypomanic symptom burden and cardiovascular mortality in bipolar disorder.","journal-title":"Psychosom Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1007/s11920-014-0492-6","key":"yoi250072r61","year":"2014","issue":"10","author":"Fiedorowicz","volume":"16","first-page":"492","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Depression and cardiovascular disease: an update on how course of illness may influence risk.","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1177/1039856217734738","key":"yoi250072r62","year":"2018","issue":"1","author":"Akosile","volume":"26","first-page":"60","unstructured":null,"article-title":"PTSD symptoms associated with myocardial infarction: practical clinical implications.","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1007/s10654-014-9926-z","key":"yoi250072r63","year":"2014","issue":"7","author":"Loerbroks","volume":"29","first-page":"507","unstructured":null,"article-title":"The association of depression and angina pectoris across 47 countries: findings from the 2002 World Health Survey.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1038/s41380-025-03003-2","key":"yoi250072r64","year":"2025","issue":"9","author":"Zeng","volume":"30","first-page":"4234","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Cardiovascular diseases and depression: a meta-analysis and mendelian randomization analysis.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.21010031","key":"yoi250072r65","year":"2021","issue":"9","author":"Solmi","volume":"178","first-page":"793","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Disparities in screening and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in patients with mental disorders across the world: systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 observational studies.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1007/7854_2016_28","key":"yoi250072r53","year":"2016","issue":null,"author":"Halaris","volume":null,"first-page":"45","unstructured":null,"article-title":null,"journal-title":null,"doi-asserted-by":"crossref"},{"DOI":null,"key":"yoi250072r24","year":null,"issue":null,"author":null,"volume":null,"first-page":null,"unstructured":"OSF. Protocol page. Accessed December 1, 2025. https://osf.io/ezhrj/overview","article-title":null,"journal-title":null,"doi-asserted-by":null}],"short-title":[],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"original-title":[],"container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"reference-count":65,"published-online":{"date-time":null,"timestamp":null,"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"references-count":65,"short-container-title":["JAMA Psychiatry"],"is-referenced-by-count":0},"unpaywall":{"doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","is_oa":false,"title":"Mental Disorders as a Risk Factor of Acute Coronary Syndrome","updated":"2026-01-16T01:10:40+00:00","published_date":"2026-01-14","best_oa_location":null}},"created_at":"2026-01-19T09:31:36.873Z","updated_at":"2026-01-21T12:05:26.220Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychiatry","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Acute Coronary Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Anxiety Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bipolar Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Depressive Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Psychotic Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Sleep Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=22,048,504","value_numeric":22048504},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"warning","value":"Findings are drawn mostly from observational studies; associations do not establish causation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"warning","value":"GRADE certainty was low or very low for most disorder–ACS associations, limiting confidence in the estimates.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.4253","tag_type":"warning","value":"Outcome terminology varied (ACS vs acute myocardial infarction), which may affect comparability across included studies.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of 25 studies (n=22,048,504) comparing people with DSM/ICD-defined mental disorders vs those without for association with acute coronary syndrome; databases searched from inception, with studies analyzed from 1966 to 2021.","key_result":"Depressive disorder (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.11–1.78; P=.01; GRADE very low), anxiety disorder (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.40–1.89; P<.001; GRADE low), sleep disorder (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.22–2.10; P<.001; GRADE low), and PTSD (HR 2.73, 95% CI 1.94–3.84; P<.001; GRADE moderate) were associated with higher ACS risk; bipolar (HR 1.48, 95% CI 0.47–4.61; P=.28; GRADE very low) and psychotic disorders (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.01–178.30; P=.06; GRADE very low) were not significant.","limitations":"Evidence is largely observational with GRADE certainty very low to low for most associations; outcome labels varied (ACS vs acute myocardial infarction) in some results. The psychotic disorder estimate was extremely imprecise (95% CI 0.01–178.30).","practice_takeaway":"Patients with PTSD, sleep disorders, anxiety, or depression may have increased ACS risk; consider cardiovascular risk assessment while interpreting the low-to-very low certainty for most associations. No significant association was found for bipolar or psychotic disorders, but wide imprecision limits confidence."}}],"initialOffset":3,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"condition","value":"Sleep Disorder"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Conditions","href":"/hub/tag/condition"},{"name":"Sleep Disorder"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"condition","hub_tag_value":"Sleep Disorder"}}}]]

Papers