2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2iy5wruuedsh6.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00yc7rcvua6a7.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/37ktb71aq3480.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d50b-7eu4558.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d6noqpp6ehas.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1sx186c93bpzg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3dc-1n866s65i.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2w1bvggzb0ga8.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T6eb,The aim of this study was to compare differences in clinical response, drug survival, and adverse event rates between anakinra and canakinumab in VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome. This multicenter international study includes patients with VEXAS from France, Israel, and Italy treated with interleukin-1 inhibition. Global response (GR) was defined as the absence of inflammatory symptoms and ≥50% decrease in steroid dose and C-reactive protein. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify associated variables. Drug survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank test, with Cox regression models for associated factors. We included 47 male patients with VEXAS; 44 received anakinra and 9 received canakinumab, with 6 patients using both at different time points. GR at 1 month was 34% for anakinra and 100% for canakinumab (P < 0.001) and 22% and 78% at 3 months, respectively (P = 0.001). Treatment with canakinumab was associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) of achieving GR at 3 months (OR 28.8, 95% confidence interval 3.0-273.9; P = 0.004) in a multivariable analysis. Median drug survival was 54 (interquartile range [IQR] 30-56) months for canakinumab at 300 mg/month compared with 7 (IQR 4-8) months for canakinumab 150 mg/month and 1 (IQR 1-2.5) months for anakinra (P = 0.01). Injection-site reactions were only recorded for the anakinra group (47 vs 0%; P = 0.006), whereas infections were more frequent in the anakinra group (31% and 11%; P = 0.3). Canakinumab demonstrated superior clinical response and drug survival with fewer adverse events compared with anakinra. Monthly canakinumab 300 mg may be considered as an effective steroid-sparing therapeutic option for patients with VEXAS.31:Td08, Objective The aim of this study was to compare differences in clinical response, drug survival, and adverse event rates between anakinra and canakinumab in VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X‐linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome. Methods This multicenter international study includes patients with VEXAS from France, Israel, and Italy treated with interleukin‐1 inhibition. Global response (GR) was defined as the absence of inflammatory symptoms and ≥50% decrease in steroid dose and C‐reactive protein. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify associated variables. Drug survival was analyzed using Kaplan‐Meier plots and log‐rank test, with Cox regression models for associated factors. Results We included 47 male patients with VEXAS; 44 received anakinra and 9 received canakinumab, with 6 patients using both at different time points. GR at 1 month was 34% for anakinra and 100% for canakinumab ( P < 0.001) and 22% and 78% at 3 months, respectively ( P = 0.001). Treatment with canakinumab was associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) of achieving GR at 3 months (OR 28.8, 95% confidence interval 3.0–273.9; P = 0.004) in a multivariable analysis. Median drug survival was 54 (interquartile range [IQR] 30–56) months for canakinumab at 300 mg/month compared with 7 (IQR 4–8) months for canakinumab 150 mg/month and 1 (IQR 1–2.5) months for anakinra ( P = 0.01). Injection‐site reactions were only recorded for the anakinra group (47 vs 0%; P = 0.006), whereas infections were more frequent in the anakinra group (31% and 11%; P = 0.3). Conclusion Canakinumab demonstrated superior clinical response and drug survival with fewer adverse events compared with anakinra. Monthly canakinumab 300 mg may be considered as an effective steroid‐sparing therapeutic option for patients with VEXAS.

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25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"canakinumab: generic Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on canakinumab (generic). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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The inflammatory profile of SIND was attenuated by IL-1β antagonism and bariatric surgery.","limitations":"Cohorts are European only, limiting generalizability to other ancestries. As a clustering-based observational design, causal directionality between immune phenotype and clinical outcomes cannot be established. Long-term prospective validation of endotype-guided treatment strategies is not yet available.","practice_takeaway":"Routine blood immune cell counts — already collected in most clinical settings — can stratify newly diagnosed T2D patients into risk groups with meaningfully different cardiovascular and renal outcomes. Clinicians should consider that patients resembling the high-inflammatory (SIND) profile may derive particular benefit from IL-1β antagonists or bariatric surgery."}},{"doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","pmid":"42615995","title":"Canakinumab dosing intervals in pediatric colchicine-resistant FMF: outcomes and predictors of successful extension in a real-world cohort","journal_title":"Rheumatology","journal_issn":"1462-0324","published_at":"2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","source_score":4,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-25T06:20:24.760Z","updated_at":"2026-08-25T06:20:24.760Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"age_group","value":"pediatric","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"brand","value":"Ilaris","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"category","value":"Rheumatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"condition","value":"Familial Mediterranean Fever","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"generic","value":"canakinumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-1 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=60","value_numeric":60},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Retrospective Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sex distribution was not explicitly reported in the abstract; the 'mixed' sex tag is assumed based on a pediatric FMF cohort.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"warning","value":"Small sample size (n=60) with sparse events required Firth's penalized regression; the key predictor (arthritis at onset) did not reach conventional significance in the sensitivity analysis (p=0.081), so this finding should be interpreted cautiously.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/rheumatology/keag437","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study is retrospective and single-center, which may reflect center-specific dosing practices not generalizable to other settings.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This retrospective single-center study evaluated canakinumab dosing interval strategies (stable, successfully extended, unsuccessfully extended) in 60 pediatric patients with colchicine-resistant FMF, assessing clinical/inflammatory outcomes and predictors of successful interval extension.","key_result":"CRP declined rapidly and stabilized by month 3, and median annual attack rate fell from 7 (IQR 4–12) to 1.1 (IQR 0.5–2.1) per patient-year. Complete remission rates differed significantly across groups (57.1% vs. 45.8% vs. 27.3%; p = 0.005). Arthritis at disease onset was independently associated with successful interval extension (OR 7.14, 95% CI 1.26–40.41; p = 0.026).","limitations":"- Small, retrospective, single-center cohort (n = 60) limits generalizability and statistical power.\n- Firth's penalized regression was needed due to sparse data, and the OR for arthritis lost conventional significance (p = 0.081), suggesting instability.\n- CRP trajectories were similar across groups, so biomarkers alone cannot distinguish patients who will tolerate interval extension.","practice_takeaway":"Biochemical remission with canakinumab does not guarantee clinical control when dosing intervals are extended — clinicians should not rely on CRP alone. Pediatric FMF patients with arthritis at disease onset may be better candidates for interval extension, and should be monitored closely if adjustment is attempted."}},{"doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","pmid":"42236112","title":"Chemotherapy induces an IL1β-dependent neutrophil recruitment and activation that promote chemoresistance in metastatic ovarian cancer","journal_title":"Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer","journal_issn":"2051-1426","published_at":"2026-06-03T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:20.305Z","updated_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:20.305Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"brand","value":"Canakinumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"category","value":"Immunology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"condition","value":"High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"condition","value":"Ovarian Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"generic","value":"canakinumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"generic","value":"carboplatin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"generic","value":"paclitaxel","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"modality","value":"IL-1 Pathway Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"modality","value":"Platinum-Based Chemotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"modality","value":"Taxane","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=16","value_numeric":16},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"sex","value":"female","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Translational Study (Human + Murine Preclinical)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"warning","value":"Canakinumab is mentioned only in the discussion as a contextual reference (negative trial in lung cancer), not as an intervention tested in this study.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design tag reflects a mixed translational approach (human datasets + murine models + small human cohort); no standard RCT or prospective cohort design was used.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"warning","value":"The human paired specimen cohort (n=16) is small and retrospective; causal conclusions in patients cannot be drawn from this data alone.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/jitc-2025-014253","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' impact flag reflects mechanistic novelty and therapeutic hypothesis generation, not a completed clinical intervention study.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study examined how carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy remodels the tumor microenvironment (TME) in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), focusing on the IL1β–IL1R1–CXCL2–neutrophil axis. It used paired pre/post-chemotherapy human HGSC transcriptomic datasets, IL1β and IL1R1 knockout murine intraperitoneal metastasis models, scRNA-seq, flow cytometry, and paired omental specimens from 16 HGSC patients.","key_result":"Chemotherapy upregulated myeloid cell-derived IL1β in HGSC tumors. In murine models, IL1β drove neutrophil recruitment and NET formation via fibroblast IL1R1/CXCL2 signaling; IL1β-KO and IL1R1-KO mice showed significantly reduced omental tumor burden and mesenteric dissemination after chemotherapy, with a shift toward IFNγ+TNF+CD8+ T cells. NETs directly reduced cancer cell chemosensitivity in vitro. In 16 paired human specimens, neutrophil infiltration increased significantly after chemotherapy (p<0.05), with a trend toward increased NETs.","limitations":"1. Only HR-proficient murine cell lines were tested, so findings may not generalize to HR-deficient (BRCA1/2-mutated) HGSC, where chemosensitivity is driven by distinct mechanisms. 2. Murine models use clonal cell lines that lack the intratumoral genetic heterogeneity of human HGSC. 3. The human paired specimen cohort is small (n=16) and observational, limiting causal inference in patients.","practice_takeaway":"Carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy may paradoxically fuel chemoresistance in HGSC by triggering an IL1β-driven neutrophil/NET response in the peritoneal TME. Targeting the IL1β–IL1R1 axis or NET formation alongside standard chemotherapy warrants prospective evaluation in HR-proficient HGSC."}},{"doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","pmid":null,"title":"Case Report: Ruxolitinib for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis complicated by macrophage activation syndrome: two pediatric cases and literature review","journal_title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics","journal_issn":"2296-2360","published_at":"2026-05-28T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","source_score":4,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":false,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-30T13:22:55.879Z","updated_at":"2026-05-30T13:22:55.879Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"age_group","value":"pediatric","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"category","value":"Pediatrics","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"condition","value":"Macrophage Activation Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"condition","value":"Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"generic","value":"canakinumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"generic","value":"methylprednisolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"generic","value":"ruxolitinib","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"generic","value":"tocilizumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"modality","value":"JAK Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=7","value_numeric":7},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Case Report with Literature Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"warning","value":"Concomitant use of plasma exchange in some patients may have reduced ruxolitinib drug levels, making efficacy attribution uncertain.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"warning","value":"One serious adverse event (EBV-HLH with agranulocytosis) occurred, suggesting a meaningful safety signal in this immunocompromised population despite the small sample.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is listed as 'Case Report' but functions as a retrospective case series plus narrative review — level of evidence assigned accordingly.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.3389/fped.2026.1812770","tag_type":"warning","value":"Total cohort of 7 patients includes only 2 new cases; the remaining 5 are from prior publications, so the literature review component carries cumulative selection and publication bias.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib (JAK1/2 inhibitor) in pediatric sJIA-MAS, combining two new cases (ages 19 months and 4 years) with a literature review of 5 previously reported cases — totaling 7 children aged 1–11 years, most with refractory disease failing high-dose glucocorticoids and/or biologics.","key_result":"5 of 7 patients achieved complete remission and 2 achieved partial remission; no deaths occurred. Both new cases normalized temperature within 2–3 days of ruxolitinib and discontinued glucocorticoids within 3–6 months. One patient developed EBV-associated HLH and agranulocytosis, resolving after drug discontinuation; transient neutropenia occurred in 2 others.","limitations":"- Very small sample (n=7 case reports/series); publication bias likely.\n- Most patients received concomitant therapies (tocilizumab, cyclosporine, plasma exchange), making it impossible to isolate ruxolitinib's independent effect.\n- Plasma exchange may alter ruxolitinib pharmacokinetics, further complicating efficacy assessment.","practice_takeaway":"Consider ruxolitinib as rescue or bridging therapy for refractory sJIA-MAS when standard glucocorticoids and IL-1/IL-6 blockers fail — but monitor closely for cytopenia and viral reactivation (especially EBV/CMV). After acute control, IL-1 or IL-6–targeted therapy should remain the backbone for long-term sJIA management."}},{"doi":"10.1002/art.43384","pmid":"40977434","title":"Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Anakinra and Canakinumab in Patients With\n VEXAS\n Syndrome: An International Multicenter Study","journal_title":"Arthritis & Rheumatology","journal_issn":"2326-5191","published_at":"2025-09-22T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.43384","source_score":37,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-07","doi":"10.1002/art.43384","days":"30","issn":"2326-5191","rank":"2","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"37","category":"Rheumatology","categories":["Rheumatology"],"_categories":["Rheumatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1002/art.43384","title":"Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Anakinra and Canakinumab in Patients With VEXAS Syndrome: An International Multicenter Study.","journal":"Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)","methods":"","results":"We included 47 male patients with VEXAS; 44 received anakinra and 9 received canakinumab, with 6 patients using both at different time points. GR at 1 month was 34% for anakinra and 100% for canakinumab (P < 0.001) and 22% and 78% at 3 months, respectively (P = 0.001). Treatment with canakinumab was associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) of achieving GR at 3 months (OR 28.8, 95% confidence interval 3.0-273.9; P = 0.004) in a multivariable analysis. Median drug survival was 54 (interquartile range [IQR] 30-56) months for canakinumab at 300 mg/month compared with 7 (IQR 4-8) months for canakinumab 150 mg/month and 1 (IQR 1-2.5) months for anakinra (P = 0.01). Injection-site reactions were only recorded for the anakinra group (47 vs 0%; P = 0.006), whereas infections were more frequent in the anakinra group (31% and 11%; P = 0.3).","abstract":"$30","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"40977434","conclusions":"Canakinumab demonstrated superior clinical response and drug survival with fewer adverse events compared with anakinra. Monthly canakinumab 300 mg may be considered as an effective steroid-sparing therapeutic option for patients with VEXAS.","publication_date":"2025-09-22T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1002/art.43384","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/art.43384","ISSN":["2326-5191","2326-5205"],"link":[{"URL":"https://acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/art.43384","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Anakinra and Canakinumab in Patients With\n VEXAS\n Syndrome: An International Multicenter Study"],"author":[{"given":"Tali","family":"Eviatar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}]},{"given":"Dafne","family":"Capelusnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department Tel Aviv Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University Maastricht the Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Corrado","family":"Campochiaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan Italy"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Lacombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Médecine Interne et Polyvalente Centre Hospitalier du Haut‐Anjou Château‐Gontier France"},{"name":"Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers Angers France"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Jachiet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Université, Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Saint‐Antoine, 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generalizability.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/art.43384","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study type classified as a cohort based on the abstract; randomization was not stated.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/art.43384","tag_type":"warning","value":"The canakinumab sample was small (n=9) and 6 patients crossed over, which may bias estimates.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"International multicenter cohort of 47 men with VEXAS from France, Israel, and Italy treated with IL‑1 inhibitors, comparing anakinra (n=44) versus canakinumab (n=9) for global response at 1 and 3 months, drug survival, and adverse events.","key_result":"Global response favored canakinumab: 1 month 100% vs 34% and 3 months 78% vs 22% with anakinra (P<0.001 and P=0.001); multivariable OR for 3‑month response 28.8 (95% CI 3.0–273.9; P=0.004). Drug survival was longer with canakinumab 300 mg/month (median 54 months, IQR 30–56) vs canakinumab 150 mg/month (7, IQR 4–8) and anakinra (1, IQR 1–2.5) (P=0.01); injection‑site reactions occurred only with anakinra (47% vs 0%; P=0.006), and infections were 31% vs 11% (P=0.3).","limitations":"Nonrandomized multicenter cohort with a small canakinumab group (n=9) and 6 patients who received both drugs at different times; dosing heterogeneity (150 vs 300 mg) may confound comparisons.","practice_takeaway":"For VEXAS, canakinumab showed higher short‑term response and longer drug survival than anakinra, with fewer injection‑site reactions. 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