2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2iy5wruuedsh6.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00yc7rcvua6a7.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/37ktb71aq3480.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d50b-7eu4558.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d6noqpp6ehas.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1sx186c93bpzg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3dc-1n866s65i.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2w1bvggzb0ga8.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T66f,SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure (HF) in outpatients with HF. Data on initiation in patients hospitalized for HF are limited. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of in-hospital initiation of dapagliflozin (10 mg daily) in patients hospitalized for HF. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of time to cardiovascular death or worsening HF through 2 months. Key safety outcomes included symptomatic hypotension and worsening kidney function. A prespecified meta-analysis of randomized trials evaluating initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients hospitalized for HF was performed. Of 2401 patients (median age, 69 [Q1-Q3, 58-77] years, 815 [33.9%] women, 448 [18.7%] Black race, 1717 [71.5%] left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, 1074 [44.7%] newly diagnosed HF) randomized between September 2020 and March 2025, 1218 were assigned to dapagliflozin and 1183 to placebo. The primary outcome occurred in 133 patients (10.9%) in the dapagliflozin group and 150 (12.7%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.68-1.08]; In this trial, in-hospital initiation of dapagliflozin did not significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular death or worsening HF through 2 months in hospitalized HF patients. However, the totality of randomized clinical trial data suggests that in-hospital initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors may reduce the early risk of cardiovascular death or worsening HF and of all-cause mortality. URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04363697.31:Tea6, BACKGROUND: SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure (HF) in outpatients with HF. Data on initiation in patients hospitalized for HF are limited. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of in-hospital initiation of dapagliflozin (10 mg daily) in patients hospitalized for HF. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of time to cardiovascular death or worsening HF through 2 months. Key safety outcomes included symptomatic hypotension and worsening kidney function. A prespecified meta-analysis of randomized trials evaluating initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients hospitalized for HF was performed. RESULTS: Of 2401 patients (median age, 69 [Q1–Q3, 58–77] years, 815 [33.9%] women, 448 [18.7%] Black race, 1717 [71.5%] left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, 1074 [44.7%] newly diagnosed HF) randomized between September 2020 and March 2025, 1218 were assigned to dapagliflozin and 1183 to placebo. The primary outcome occurred in 133 patients (10.9%) in the dapagliflozin group and 150 (12.7%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.68–1.08]; P =0.20). A worsening HF event occurred in 115 (9.4%) and 122 (10.3%) patients in the dapagliflozin and placebo groups, respectively (HR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.71–1.18]). Cardiovascular death occurred in 30 (2.5%) and 37 (3.1%) patients (HR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.48–1.27]), and death from any cause occurred in 36 (3.0%) and 53 (4.5%) patients in the dapagliflozin and placebo groups, respectively (HR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.43–1.00]). The rates of symptomatic hypotension were 3.6% and 2.2%, and the rates of worsening kidney function were 5.9% and 4.7% with dapagliflozin and placebo, respectively. In a meta-analysis of patients hospitalized for HF, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced the early risk of cardiovascular death or worsening HF (HR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.54–0.93] P =0.012) and of all-cause death (HR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.41–0.80]; P =0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this trial, in-hospital initiation of dapagliflozin did not significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular death or worsening HF through 2 months in hospitalized HF patients. However, the totality of randomized clinical trial data suggests that in-hospital initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors may reduce the early risk of cardiovascular death or worsening HF and of all-cause mortality. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT04363697. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"dapagliflozin: generic Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on dapagliflozin (generic). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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the patient perspective section reflects individual experience and is qualitative in nature.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103310","tag_type":"warning","value":"The CMWPC cutpoints for imaging (echo, CMR) and hemodynamics are based largely on measurement variability rather than patient-perceived benefit, limiting their direct clinical applicability.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103310","tag_type":"warning","value":"The regulatory section represents the views of individual FDA staff members and does not represent official FDA policy.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103310","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a position statement, not a primary study—proposed thresholds are expert consensus and provisional; many lack prospective anchor-based validation.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This JACC: Heart Failure position statement proposes a framework for defining clinically meaningful within-patient change (CMWPC) across the full range of HF trial endpoints—hospitalizations, imaging (echo/CMR), hemodynamics, biomarkers, functional tests (CPET, 6MWD), and patient-reported outcomes (PROs)—integrating measurement variability, prognostic data, and patient-anchored evidence.","key_result":"Key proposed thresholds include: **KCCQ**: ≥5 points = small but clinically important change; ≥10–15 = moderate–large; **NT-proBNP/BNP**: ≥30% rise or fall; **LVEF (echo)**: ±5% (2D), ±3% (3D); **LVESV (CMR)**: ≥7 mL; **peak VO₂**: ~6% change; **6MWD**: 14–15 m (iron-deficiency HFrEF trials); **PADP**: ≥2 mm Hg change linked to 14.7–26.7% mortality difference; **clinical events**: ARR of ~2–5% over 12–24 months (NNT ~20–50) aligns with strong guideline endorsement, and a ≥15–20% RRR is conventional but must be contextualized by baseline risk.","limitations":"- Most proposed cutpoints are provisional, lacking anchor-based validation linking physiological changes to patient-perceived benefit or hard outcomes.\n- Many thresholds derive from group-mean analyses rather than true intraindividual change data.\n- Measurement variability (imaging, hemodynamics) is substantial and context-dependent, limiting cross-trial comparisons.","practice_takeaway":"When discussing HF trial results with patients, convert mean group differences into NNT and distributions of responders—a 2.5-point mean KCCQ difference between arms translates to an NNT of ~17 for one patient to feel meaningfully better. Use KCCQ thresholds (≥5 points = meaningful change) and a ≥30% natriuretic peptide shift as the best-validated benchmarks when interpreting individual patient response."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","pmid":"42554537","title":"National Impact of Optimal Implementation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction","journal_title":"JACC: Heart Failure","journal_issn":"2213-1779","published_at":"2026-08-04T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","source_score":10,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-11T13:26:13.004Z","updated_at":"2026-08-11T13:26:13.004Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"category","value":"Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"condition","value":"Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"generic","value":"carvedilol","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"generic","value":"dapagliflozin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"generic","value":"empagliflozin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"generic","value":"eplerenone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"generic","value":"metoprolol succinate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"generic","value":"sacubitril-valsartan","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"generic","value":"spironolactone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"modality","value":"Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"modality","value":"Beta-Blocker","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"modality","value":"Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"modality","value":"SGLT2 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=2760000","value_numeric":2760000},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Decision Analytic Modeling Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"warning","value":"Specific generic drug names were inferred from GDMT drug classes described; the paper does not enumerate each agent explicitly.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"warning","value":"The aggregate 113,747 preventable deaths figure assumes additive, independent mortality benefits across all four drug classes — this may overestimate true benefit due to overlapping mechanisms or shared patient populations. The authors apply sensitivity analyses but the assumption remains a key limitation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103295","tag_type":"warning","value":"Treatment rates sourced from Epic Cosmos may reflect a health-system-biased sample and may not generalize to uninsured or underserved populations.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This population-level decision analytic modeling study estimated the number of U.S. adults with HFrEF eligible but not receiving quadruple GDMT (ARNI, beta-blocker, MRA, SGLT2 inhibitor), and projected deaths and hospitalizations preventable with optimal implementation over 12 months, using 2022–2025 national data sources.","key_result":"Only 18.2% of an estimated 2.76 million eligible U.S. HFrEF adults received quadruple GDMT. Optimal implementation was projected to prevent ~113,747 deaths (95% UI: 90,173–149,875) and ~357,332 HF hospitalizations annually.","limitations":"Estimates rely on modeled assumptions and trial-derived NNTs applied to real-world populations, which may not fully reflect comorbidity burden or contraindication rates. Treatment rates from Epic Cosmos may not represent all U.S. practice settings. Aggregate death estimates assume independent, additive benefits across drug classes.","practice_takeaway":"More than 1.5–1.8 million HFrEF patients remain untreated for each individual GDMT class — closing these gaps could prevent over 100,000 deaths per year. Clinicians should systematically audit HFrEF patients for GDMT eligibility and prioritize initiation of ARNIs and SGLT2 inhibitors, where gaps are largest."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","pmid":"42098477","title":"Epidemiology of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome","journal_title":"Nature Reviews Nephrology","journal_issn":"1759-5061","published_at":"2026-05-07T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","source_score":11,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-16T13:22:29.340Z","updated_at":"2026-05-16T13:22:29.340Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"category","value":"Urology & Nephrology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiovascular Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Kidney Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Type 2 Diabetes","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"canagliflozin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"dapagliflozin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"empagliflozin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"finerenone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"semaglutide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"tirzepatide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Non-Steroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"SGLT2 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"No specific sample size applies — the paper synthesizes findings from multiple epidemiological datasets across different countries and time periods.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' impact flag reflects the broad framing of CKM syndrome as a new unifying clinical construct, not a single RCT result.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41581-026-01078-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative review, not a systematic review or meta-analysis; study selection may reflect author perspective.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review examines the global epidemiology of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome — formally defined by the AHA in 2023 — including its staging framework (stages 0–4), prevalence, demographic disparities, risk determinants, and the real-world uptake of modern therapies (GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, non-steroidal MRAs).","key_result":"Most adults worldwide already meet criteria for stage ≥1 CKM syndrome; stage 2 (metabolic risk factors or CKD) is the most prevalent. Advanced stages disproportionately affect men, older adults, and socioeconomically disadvantaged or rural populations. Mortality risk escalates with each advancing stage.","limitations":"- Based primarily on observational and cross-sectional prevalence data; causal inference is limited.\n- The CKM staging framework classifies nearly all adults as having some degree of disease, raising concerns about over-medicalization.\n- Evidence for emerging risk factors (e.g., climate stressors, microplastics) is acknowledged as less established.","practice_takeaway":"Screen broadly for CKM syndrome using the AHA staging framework, prioritizing early intervention at stages 1–2 before CVD develops. GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and non-steroidal MRAs offer multisystem benefits but remain underused — cost and access barriers must be actively addressed in clinical practice."}},{"doi":"10.1161/circulationaha.125.076575","pmid":"40884036","title":"Dapagliflozin in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure: Primary Results of the DAPA ACT HF-TIMI 68 Randomized Clinical Trial and Meta-Analysis of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure","journal_title":"Circulation","journal_issn":"0009-7322","published_at":"2025-08-30T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.125.076575","source_score":107,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-11-22","doi":"10.1161/circulationaha.125.076575","days":"30","issn":"0009-7322","rank":"4","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"107","category":"Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems","categories":["Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems"],"_categories":["Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.076575","title":"Dapagliflozin in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure: Primary Results of the DAPA ACT HF-TIMI 68 Randomized Clinical Trial and Meta-Analysis of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure.","journal":"Circulation","methods":"","results":"Of 2401 patients (median age, 69 [Q1-Q3, 58-77] years, 815 [33.9%] women, 448 [18.7%] Black race, 1717 [71.5%] left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%, 1074 [44.7%] newly diagnosed HF) randomized between September 2020 and March 2025, 1218 were assigned to dapagliflozin and 1183 to placebo. The primary outcome occurred in 133 patients (10.9%) in the dapagliflozin group and 150 (12.7%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.68-1.08]; ","abstract":"$30","keywords":["hospitalization","randomized clinical trial","sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors","worsening heart failure."],"pubmed_id":"40884036","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-08-30T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1161/circulationaha.125.076575","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.125.076575","ISSN":["0009-7322","1524-4539"],"link":[{"URL":"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.076575","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":"1411-1422","type":"journal-article","issue":"20","score":1,"title":["Dapagliflozin in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure: Primary Results of the DAPA ACT HF-TIMI 68 Randomized Clinical Trial and Meta-Analysis of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure"],"author":[{"given":"David D.","family":"Berg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S.)."},{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., A.S.D., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S., S.D.W.)."}]},{"given":"Siddharth M.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S.)."},{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., A.S.D., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S., S.D.W.)."}]},{"given":"Paul 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Św. Jadwigi Królowej w Rzeszowie; Kolegium Nauk Medycznych Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Rzeszów, Poland (A.P.)."}]},{"given":"Christian T.","family":"Ruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S.)."},{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., A.S.D., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S., S.D.W.)."}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"O’Donoghue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S.)."},{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., A.S.D., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S., S.D.W.)."}]},{"given":"Sabina A.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S.)."},{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., A.S.D., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S., S.D.W.)."}]},{"given":"Marc S.","family":"Sabatine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S.)."},{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.D.B., S.M.P., P.M.H., A.L.C., M.G.P., A.B., J.F.K., A.S.D., C.T.R., M.L.O., S.A.M., M.S.S., 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A prespecified meta-analysis pooled randomized trials of starting SGLT2 inhibitors during heart failure hospitalization.","key_result":"By 2 months, the primary outcome occurred in 133/1218 (10.9%) with dapagliflozin vs 150/1183 (12.7%) with placebo (HR 0.86; 95% CI, 0.68–1.08). The meta-analysis suggested that in‑hospital SGLT2 inhibitor initiation may reduce early cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure and all-cause mortality, but no quantitative estimates were provided here.","limitations":"The primary endpoint was assessed only through 2 months. The meta-analysis conclusion is described without effect sizes or detailed results.","practice_takeaway":"In this trial, starting dapagliflozin in hospital did not significantly reduce cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure over 2 months. Short‑term benefit may depend on the broader SGLT2 inhibitor evidence base rather than this single study’s result."}}],"initialOffset":4,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"generic","value":"dapagliflozin"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Generics","href":"/hub/tag/generic"},{"name":"dapagliflozin"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"generic","hub_tag_value":"dapagliflozin"}}}]]

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