2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2iy5wruuedsh6.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00yc7rcvua6a7.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/37ktb71aq3480.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d50b-7eu4558.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d6noqpp6ehas.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1sx186c93bpzg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3dc-1n866s65i.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2w1bvggzb0ga8.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T598,Dapsone (4,4'-Diamino diphenyl sulfone) has been utilized in managing a wide variety of mucocutaneous conditions, usually as a systemic product. Topical dapsone is commercially available as 5% and 7.5% gel and is FDA-approved for acne vulgaris. These topical formulations have shown less systemic absorption and fewer adverse events. Considering this, topical dapsone might benefit localized disease, immunosuppressed individuals, and those who avoid exposure to systemic therapies. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for published papers up to April 2025. Then, eligible studies are included, and we summarize the findings of different clinical studies concerning the use, efficacy, and side effects of topical dapsone in various mucocutaneous conditions, excluding acne vulgaris. Finally, 56 articles were selected based on the eligibility criteria. We summarized and categorized them into two general entities, including applications of the topical dapsone and side effects of the topical dapsone. The first entity has six subheadings consisting of acne vulgaris and acneiform eruptions, Rosacea, neutrophilic dermatosis, vesiculobullous diseases, vasculitis, and others. In conclusion, topical dapsone appears to have therapeutic advantages in several mucocutaneous conditions, especially in minimal, localized, and chronic eruptions.31:T6da,ABSTRACTBackgroundDapsone (4,4′‐Diamino diphenyl sulfone) has been utilized in managing a wide variety of mucocutaneous conditions, usually as a systemic product. Topical dapsone is commercially available as 5% and 7.5% gel and is FDA‐approved for acne vulgaris. These topical formulations have shown less systemic absorption and fewer adverse events. Considering this, topical dapsone might benefit localized disease, immunosuppressed individuals, and those who avoid exposure to systemic therapies.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for published papers up to April 2025. Then, eligible studies are included, and we summarize the findings of different clinical studies concerning the use, efficacy, and side effects of topical dapsone in various mucocutaneous conditions, excluding acne vulgaris.ResultsFinally, 56 articles were selected based on the eligibility criteria. We summarized and categorized them into two general entities, including applications of the topical dapsone and side effects of the topical dapsone. The first entity has six subheadings consisting of acne vulgaris and acneiform eruptions, Rosacea, neutrophilic dermatosis, vesiculobullous diseases, vasculitis, and others.ConclusionIn conclusion, topical dapsone appears to have therapeutic advantages in several mucocutaneous conditions, especially in minimal, localized, and chronic eruptions.25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"dapsone: generic Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on dapsone (generic). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. Updated daily.\",\"url\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/generic/dapsone\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Research Hub\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Generics\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/generic\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"dapsone\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/generic/dapsone\"}]}}"}}]],["$","$L2f",null,{"title":"dapsone: Research & Clinical Takeaways","description":"Explore research on dapsone (generic) — efficacy, safety, and comparative data.","papers":[{"doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","pmid":"42704880","title":"A Long Way to Diagnosis: Linear IgA Dermatosis Mimicking Prurigo Pigmentosa","journal_title":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica","journal_issn":"1651-2057","published_at":"2026-09-07T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-09-16T06:23:04.041Z","updated_at":"2026-09-16T06:23:04.041Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"condition","value":"Linear IgA Dermatosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"condition","value":"Prurigo Pigmentosa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"generic","value":"clobetasol","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"generic","value":"dapsone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"generic","value":"doxycycline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"generic","value":"minocycline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"generic","value":"prednisolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"modality","value":"Phototherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"modality","value":"Sulfone Antibiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"modality","value":"Tetracycline Antibiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=1","value_numeric":1},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"sex","value":"male","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Case Report","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"warning","value":"Concomitant IgG autoantibodies against BP180 C-terminal fragment were detected alongside IgA — this dual response (~20–25% of LAD cases per cited literature) may complicate diagnosis if only IgG-based assays are used.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'safety signal' impact flag reflects the clinically significant rebound flare after unsupervised dapsone discontinuation, which has clear patient safety implications.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0686","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a single case report (n=1); findings cannot be generalized to broader LAD populations.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A case report of a 51-year-old Caucasian man with a 15-month diagnostic odyssey, initially presenting with severely pruritic skin lesions clinically and histologically consistent with prurigo pigmentosa (PP), who was ultimately diagnosed with linear IgA dermatosis (LAD) after repeated biopsies and immunofluorescence studies.","key_result":"LAD was confirmed only after 5 perilesional biopsies — when direct IF finally showed linear IgA deposits along the dermal-epidermal junction, coinciding with the first appearance of tense blisters (~15 months after initial presentation). IgA reactivity against LAD-1 (120 kDa ectodomain of BP180) and concomitant IgG autoantibodies against the C-terminal fragment of BP180 were identified. Dapsone achieved marked and sustained remission.","limitations":"Single case report with no generalizability; repeated direct and indirect IF were negative for over a year, raising questions about optimal biopsy timing and technique; the 15-month delay may partly reflect disease biology rather than diagnostic error alone.","practice_takeaway":"In patients with recurrent neutrophil-rich dermatitis and persistent pruritus, do not exclude LAD on the basis of negative immunofluorescence — repeat perilesional biopsies are warranted, especially during active flares with new blisters. Dapsone is effective for LAD even when initial IF is negative, and discontinuation can trigger severe rebound."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","pmid":"42521049","title":"Erythema Elevatum Diutinum","journal_title":"Clinics in Dermatology","journal_issn":"0738-081X","published_at":"2026-07-28T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-04T18:17:49.614Z","updated_at":"2026-08-04T18:17:49.614Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cutaneous Vasculitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"condition","value":"Erythema Elevatum Diutinum","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"condition","value":"HIV Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"condition","value":"IgA Monoclonal Gammopathy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"condition","value":"Multiple Myeloma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"condition","value":"Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"generic","value":"dapsone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"modality","value":"Corticosteroid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immunosuppressive Agent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"modality","value":"Sulfone Antibiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group tagged as 'adult' by inference from typical EED epidemiology; the paper does not explicitly state an age population.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"warning","value":"The DOI and publication date (July 2026) are recent; clinicians should verify that no updated guidelines have superseded the dapsone-first recommendation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.clindermatol.2026.07.019","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative review with no original patient data, sample size, or comparative outcomes — clinical guidance is expert/consensus-level only.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This review covers the clinical presentation, histology, associated systemic conditions, and management of erythema elevatum diutinum (EED), a rare chronic cutaneous vasculitis.","key_result":"EED is strongly associated with systemic diseases — including IgA monoclonal gammopathy, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, HIV, and streptococcal infection. First-line treatment is dapsone; corticosteroids and immunosuppressives are used for resistant cases. Lesions can persist for decades, but treating the underlying condition can alter disease course.","limitations":"No specific patient data, outcomes, or comparative treatment efficacy figures are reported — this is a narrative review without original trial data or sample population.","practice_takeaway":"When EED is diagnosed, actively screen for serious underlying conditions such as hematologic malignancies and HIV, as addressing them may improve skin disease. Dapsone remains the go-to first-line therapy for the skin lesions themselves."}},{"doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","pmid":"42343578","title":"Recurrent Cutaneous Eosinophilic Vasculitis: A Systematic Review of Clinicopathologic Features and Treatment Outcomes","journal_title":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica","journal_issn":"1651-2057","published_at":"2026-06-24T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-27T13:27:57.156Z","updated_at":"2026-06-27T13:27:57.156Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"condition","value":"Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"condition","value":"Recurrent Cutaneous Eosinophilic Vasculitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"generic","value":"azathioprine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"generic","value":"cyclophosphamide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"generic","value":"dapsone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"generic","value":"methotrexate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"generic","value":"prednisolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"generic","value":"prednisone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"generic","value":"tacrolimus","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"modality","value":"Corticosteroid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=24","value_numeric":24},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"warning","value":"Only 24 unique cases across 20 reports; all findings are descriptive and should not be interpreted as precise prevalence estimates. Denominators vary by item due to inconsistent reporting across source publications.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"warning","value":"Some included cases may represent early-stage EGPA or hypereosinophilic syndrome given limited systemic workup and short follow-up in source reports — diagnosis of RCEV remains partly exclusionary.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0612","tag_type":"warning","value":"The provisional diagnostic framework presented in Table IV is unvalidated and intended only as a refinement hypothesis requiring prospective study.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Systematic review of 20 published reports (24 unique cases) of recurrent cutaneous eosinophilic vasculitis (RCEV/RCNEV) to characterize clinicopathologic features, treatments, and outcomes; literature searched through February 16, 2026.","key_result":"Most patients (70.8% female; median age 58) presented with relapsing pruritic purpura of the lower extremities. Peripheral eosinophilia was present in 88.9% of tested cases (median 1,700 cells/µL); ANCA was negative in all 22 tested cases. Systemic corticosteroids induced prompt improvement in 66.7%, but 71.4% relapsed during tapering or after withdrawal. At last follow-up (median 8 months), only 36.8% had no recurrence.","limitations":"- Evidence base is almost entirely case reports and small case series with heterogeneous reporting and frequent missing data, making descriptive synthesis unreliable for precise estimates.\n- Publication bias is likely; some cases may represent early or incompletely evaluated EGPA or hypereosinophilic syndrome.\n- Follow-up was short and inconsistent (median 8 months, range 2–276), limiting conclusions about long-term outcomes.","practice_takeaway":"Expect relapse when tapering steroids — most patients flare at low doses (median relapse threshold ~5 mg/day prednisone) — so monitor closely and consider steroid-sparing agents early in relapse-prone cases. Rule out EGPA and hypereosinophilic syndrome at baseline and reassess over time, since ANCA negativity and absence of asthma/allergic rhinitis support RCEV but do not fully exclude systemic disease."}},{"doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","pmid":"42328997","title":"Organ Involvement and Treatment Response across Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Subtypes","journal_title":"Acta Dermato-Venereologica","journal_issn":"1651-2057","published_at":"2026-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-27T13:27:56.605Z","updated_at":"2026-06-27T13:27:56.605Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cutaneous Sarcoidosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"condition","value":"Sarcoidosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"adalimumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"azathioprine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"dapsone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"hydroxychloroquine","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"infliximab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"methotrexate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"mycophenolate mofetil","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"generic","value":"sirolimus","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"modality","value":"Antimalarial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"modality","value":"JAK Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"modality","value":"mTOR Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"modality","value":"Systemic Glucocorticoid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"modality","value":"TNF Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=125","value_numeric":125},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Cross-Sectional Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"warning","value":"Lupus pernio subgroup (n=4) is very small; results for this subtype should be interpreted with caution.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sirolimus use was restricted to one centre within a clinical trial, which may inflate or bias its apparent efficacy relative to real-world use.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'impact_flag' of practice_changing is applied cautiously — the study is retrospective and observational, but the subtype-specific prognostic and treatment data are clinically novel and actionable.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2340/actadv.v106.adv-2026-0482","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study's ECOS score is a novel, non-validated, study-specific instrument; cross-study comparisons of severity scores are not possible.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This 2-centre cross-sectional study (n=125; median age 53, 57% female) compared systemic organ involvement, treatment response, and disease course across cutaneous sarcoidosis subtypes (plaque, papular, scar, subcutaneous, lupus pernio, erythema nodosum) versus non-cutaneous sarcoidosis, using histologically confirmed cases seen between January 2016 and July 2025.","key_result":"Papular sarcoidosis had the mildest systemic burden (median ECOS 0; 58% skin-only disease), while patients without skin involvement had the highest burden (median ECOS 7 vs. 3 for all cutaneous, p<0.0001). Skin lesions led to diagnosis in 78% of cases. Topical therapy achieved remission in only 11%; systemic immunosuppressants led remission (37%), with sirolimus (11%), hydroxychloroquine (10%), and TNF inhibitors (8%) being most effective steroid-sparing agents. Relapse occurred in 40%; 46% needed long-term systemic therapy (>1 year), rising to 100% in lupus pernio.","limitations":"- Retrospective design with potential selection bias from two tertiary referral centres.\n- Some subgroups (lupus pernio n=4, subcutaneous n=13) were small, limiting subtype-specific conclusions.\n- Centre-specific prescribing patterns (e.g., mTOR inhibitors used only within a clinical trial at one centre) may confound treatment outcome data.","practice_takeaway":"Skin morphology in sarcoidosis is a meaningful prognostic marker: papular disease is often self-limited and skin-only, while plaque, lupus pernio, and subcutaneous subtypes signal higher systemic burden and need for long-term therapy. Dermatologists should perform thorough systemic screening in all cutaneous sarcoidosis patients, and consider sirolimus, hydroxychloroquine, or TNF inhibitors as steroid-sparing options rather than defaulting to methotrexate, which rarely induced remission in this cutaneous cohort."}},{"doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","pmid":"42299444","title":"Management of Recurrent Linear IgA Dermatosis of Childhood in the Absence of Histopathology and Immunofluorescence: A Case Report from a Low-Resource Setting in South-Western Uganda","journal_title":"Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology","journal_issn":"1178-7015","published_at":"2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s619152","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-16T13:54:40.065Z","updated_at":"2026-06-16T13:54:40.065Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"age_group","value":"child","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"condition","value":"Autoimmune Blistering Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"condition","value":"Linear IgA Dermatosis of Childhood","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"generic","value":"cefixime","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"generic","value":"dapsone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"generic","value":"prednisolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"modality","value":"Sulfonamide Antibiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"modality","value":"Systemic Corticosteroid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=1","value_numeric":1},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"sex","value":"female","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Case Report","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"warning","value":"Diagnosis was made purely on clinical grounds without histopathology or direct immunofluorescence, which are the gold standards; a degree of diagnostic uncertainty remains.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"warning","value":"G6PD screening was not performed prior to dapsone initiation — a known safety requirement — due to resource constraints; absence of clinical hemolysis signs does not exclude subclinical risk.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.2147/ccid.s619152","tag_type":"warning","value":"Progressive worsening with each recurrence over 10 years is noted as atypical and is not well-characterized in the existing literature; causal mechanisms are speculative.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A 12-year-old girl in rural South-Western Uganda with recurrent Linear IgA Dermatosis of Childhood (LAD-C) spanning 10 years was diagnosed clinically — without histopathology or direct immunofluorescence — and treated with dapsone, systemic corticosteroids, antibiotic prophylaxis, and wound care.","key_result":"Within one week of starting dapsone 50 mg/day plus prednisolone 20 mg/day, new blister formation ceased, existing bullae resolved, and progressive re-epithelialization occurred; labs showed no hematologic toxicity at one week.","limitations":"- No histopathology, direct immunofluorescence, or microbiological cultures performed, leaving residual diagnostic uncertainty.\n- G6PD screening and methemoglobin testing were unavailable, creating an unquantified safety risk with dapsone.\n- Single case report from one site; findings cannot be generalized.","practice_takeaway":"In resource-limited settings where immunofluorescence is unavailable, LAD-C can be diagnosed clinically using lesion morphology (annular 'string-of-pearls' bullae), recurrence pattern, and exclusion of key differentials — and dapsone should not be withheld pending confirmatory testing. Clinicians must monitor closely for dapsone-related hemolysis and methemoglobinemia, especially when G6PD status is unknown."}},{"doi":"10.1111/jocd.70494","pmid":"41051026","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Topical Dapsone in Dermatology: A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies","journal_title":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","journal_issn":"1473-2130","published_at":"2025-10-06T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.70494","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-10-12","doi":"10.1111/jocd.70494","days":"7","issn":"1473-2130","rank":"9","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"7","category":"Dermatology","categories":["Dermatology"],"_categories":["Dermatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/jocd.70494","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Topical Dapsone in Dermatology: A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies.","journal":"Journal of cosmetic dermatology","methods":"","results":"Finally, 56 articles were selected based on the eligibility criteria. We summarized and categorized them into two general entities, including applications of the topical dapsone and side effects of the topical dapsone. The first entity has six subheadings consisting of acne vulgaris and acneiform eruptions, Rosacea, neutrophilic dermatosis, vesiculobullous diseases, vasculitis, and others.","abstract":"$30","keywords":["dapsone","dermatology","skin","sulfones","topical"],"pubmed_id":"41051026","conclusions":"In conclusion, topical dapsone appears to have therapeutic advantages in several mucocutaneous conditions, especially in minimal, localized, and chronic eruptions.","publication_date":"2025-10-06T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1111/jocd.70494","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.70494","ISSN":["1473-2130","1473-2165"],"link":[{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jocd.70494","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":"10","score":1,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Topical Dapsone in Dermatology: A Scoping Review of Clinical Studies"],"author":[{"given":"Bahareh","family":"Abtahi‐Naeini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Dermatology Division, Department of Pediatrics Imam Hossein Children's Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"},{"name":"Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Sattari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Development Center, Najafabad Branch Islamic Azad University Najafabad Iran"},{"name":"Student Research Committee Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}]},{"given":"Kimia","family":"Afshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}]},{"given":"Fereshte","family":"Rastegarnasab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}]},{"given":"Mahsa","family":"Pourmahdi‐Boroujeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"},{"name":"Isfahan Eye Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan 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The abstract conflicts on whether acne vulgaris was excluded or included.","practice_takeaway":"Topical dapsone (5% or 7.5% gel) may be an option for localized, chronic mucocutaneous eruptions when avoiding systemic therapy, but the support is heterogeneous and not quantified here."}}],"initialOffset":6,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"generic","value":"dapsone"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Generics","href":"/hub/tag/generic"},{"name":"dapsone"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"generic","hub_tag_value":"dapsone"}}}]]

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