2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2iy5wruuedsh6.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00yc7rcvua6a7.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/37ktb71aq3480.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d50b-7eu4558.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d6noqpp6ehas.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1sx186c93bpzg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3dc-1n866s65i.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2w1bvggzb0ga8.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T474,A total of 98 patients (mean [SD] age, 35.8 [13.0] years; 61 [62.2%] female) with HS were treated with intravenous ertapenem. The self-reported racial distribution included 3 individuals identifying as Asian (3.1%), 59 as Black/African American (60.2%), 13 as White (13.3%), and 23 as either other or unknown (23.5%). Additionally, 24 participants (24.5%) reported Spanish/Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. The mean (SD) treatment duration spanned 13.1 (4.0) weeks, with posttherapy follow-up occurring after 7.8 (3.6) weeks. From baseline to posttherapy follow-up, significant reductions were found in the mean (SD) HS Physician Global Assessment scores (3.9 [1.0] vs 2.7 [1.2]; P < .001) and the numerical rating scale for pain (4.2 [3.3] vs 1.8 [2.7]; P < .001), C-reactive protein (5.4 [11.4] vs 2.4 [2.0] mg/dL; P < .001), interleukin-6 (25.2 [21.1] vs 13.7 [13.9]; P < .001), and leukocytes (11.34 [3.9] vs 10.0 [3.4]; P < .001). At follow-up, 76 patients (78.0%) participated in the telephone survey, where 63 (80.3%) reported medium to high satisfaction; further, 69 (90.8%) would recommend ertapenem to other patients.31:Tcfa,Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating follicular skin disorder in which bacterial colonization is typical. Oral antibiotic efficacy can be unreliable; however, selective intravenous antibiotics, specifically ertapenem, may provide favorable clinical outcomes. To explore optimal course duration, efficacy, and patient satisfaction associated with intravenous ertapenem for HS. This retrospective review of the medical records of 98 patients with HS between 2018 and 2022 measured and evaluated patient outcomes before and after treatment with intravenous ertapenem. Participants were followed up in a telephone survey assessing patient perspectives and satisfaction. All of those included in this study received medical care from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine's Montefiore HS Center. Patients were treated with 1 g of ertapenem that was self-administered at home through a peripheral intravenous central catheter using an elastomeric pump for 12 to 16 weeks. Antiandrogens and immunomodulatory biologic therapies initiated prior to ertapenem were maintained throughout the treatment course. The primary outcomes, encompassing clinical severity (evaluated through the HS Physician Global Assessment score [a 6-point scale ranging from clear to very severe] and a numerical rating scale for pain [an 11-point scale in which a score of 0 indicates no pain and a score of 10 indicates the worst possible pain]) and markers of inflammation (such as leukocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6), were measured at baseline, the midcourse of intravenous ertapenem treatment, at the end of the course, and posttherapy. Bacterial abundance was also examined at these 4 points, and patient satisfaction was assessed during follow-up. A total of 98 patients (mean [SD] age, 35.8 [13.0] years; 61 [62.2%] female) with HS were treated with intravenous ertapenem. The self-reported racial distribution included 3 individuals identifying as Asian (3.1%), 59 as Black/African American (60.2%), 13 as White (13.3%), and 23 as either other or unknown (23.5%). Additionally, 24 participants (24.5%) reported Spanish/Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. The mean (SD) treatment duration spanned 13.1 (4.0) weeks, with posttherapy follow-up occurring after 7.8 (3.6) weeks. From baseline to posttherapy follow-up, significant reductions were found in the mean (SD) HS Physician Global Assessment scores (3.9 [1.0] vs 2.7 [1.2]; P < .001) and the numerical rating scale for pain (4.2 [3.3] vs 1.8 [2.7]; P < .001), C-reactive protein (5.4 [11.4] vs 2.4 [2.0] mg/dL; P < .001), interleukin-6 (25.2 [21.1] vs 13.7 [13.9]; P < .001), and leukocytes (11.34 [3.9] vs 10.0 [3.4]; P < .001). At follow-up, 76 patients (78.0%) participated in the telephone survey, where 63 (80.3%) reported medium to high satisfaction; further, 69 (90.8%) would recommend ertapenem to other patients. In this retrospective review of medical records and telephone survey, treating HS with intravenous ertapenem, administered for a mean of 13 weeks, was associated with improvement in clinical and inflammatory markers, as well as heightened patient satisfaction. Nonetheless, this approach should be monitored for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance given a longer than standard treatment course.32:T1071,ImportanceHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating follicular skin disorder in which bacterial colonization is typical. Oral antibiotic efficacy can be unreliable; however, selective intravenous antibiotics, specifically ertapenem, may provide favorable clinical outcomes.ObjectiveTo explore optimal course duration, efficacy, and patient satisfaction associated with intravenous ertapenem for HS.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective review of the medical records of 98 patients with HS between 2018 and 2022 measured and evaluated patient outcomes before and after treatment with intravenous ertapenem. Participants were followed up in a telephone survey assessing patient perspectives and satisfaction. All of those included in this study received medical care from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine’s Montefiore HS Center.ExposuresPatients were treated with 1 g of ertapenem that was self-administered at home through a peripheral intravenous central catheter using an elastomeric pump for 12 to 16 weeks. Antiandrogens and immunomodulatory biologic therapies initiated prior to ertapenem were maintained throughout the treatment course.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes, encompassing clinical severity (evaluated through the HS Physician Global Assessment score [a 6-point scale ranging from clear to very severe] and a numerical rating scale for pain [an 11-point scale in which a score of 0 indicates no pain and a score of 10 indicates the worst possible pain]) and markers of inflammation (such as leukocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6), were measured at baseline, the midcourse of intravenous ertapenem treatment, at the end of the course, and posttherapy. Bacterial abundance was also examined at these 4 points, and patient satisfaction was assessed during follow-up.ResultsA total of 98 patients (mean [SD] age, 35.8 [13.0] years; 61 [62.2%] female) with HS were treated with intravenous ertapenem. The self-reported racial distribution included 3 individuals identifying as Asian (3.1%), 59 as Black/African American (60.2%), 13 as White (13.3%), and 23 as either other or unknown (23.5%). Additionally, 24 participants (24.5%) reported Spanish/Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. The mean (SD) treatment duration spanned 13.1 (4.0) weeks, with posttherapy follow-up occurring after 7.8 (3.6) weeks. From baseline to posttherapy follow-up, significant reductions were found in the mean (SD) HS Physician Global Assessment scores (3.9 [1.0] vs 2.7 [1.2]; P &lt; .001) and the numerical rating scale for pain (4.2 [3.3] vs 1.8 [2.7]; P &lt; .001), C-reactive protein (5.4 [11.4] vs 2.4 [2.0] mg/dL; P &lt; .001), interleukin-6 (25.2 [21.1] vs 13.7 [13.9]; P &lt; .001), and leukocytes (11.34 [3.9] vs 10.0 [3.4]; P &lt; .001). At follow-up, 76 patients (78.0%) participated in the telephone survey, where 63 (80.3%) reported medium to high satisfaction; further, 69 (90.8%) would recommend ertapenem to other patients.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this retrospective review of medical records and telephone survey, treating HS with intravenous ertapenem, administered for a mean of 13 weeks, was associated with improvement in clinical and inflammatory markers, as well as heightened patient satisfaction. Nonetheless, this approach should be monitored for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance given a longer than standard treatment course.25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"ertapenem: generic Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on ertapenem (generic). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. Updated daily.\",\"url\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/generic/ertapenem\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Research Hub\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Generics\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/generic\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"ertapenem\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/generic/ertapenem\"}]}}"}}]],["$","$L2f",null,{"title":"ertapenem: Research & Clinical Takeaways","description":"Explore research on ertapenem (generic) — efficacy, safety, and comparative data.","papers":[{"doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","pmid":"42548283","title":"Development and Application of an Anaerobic Activity Index","journal_title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","journal_issn":"1058-4838","published_at":"2026-08-04T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciag470","source_score":6,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-09T13:25:10.186Z","updated_at":"2026-08-09T13:25:10.186Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"category","value":"Infectious Diseases","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"condition","value":"Burn Injury","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"condition","value":"Healthcare-Associated Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"generic","value":"aztreonam","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"generic","value":"doxycycline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"generic","value":"ertapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"generic","value":"meropenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"generic","value":"penicillin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"generic","value":"tigecycline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"modality","value":"Antibiotic Stewardship","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"modality","value":"Carbapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"modality","value":"Glycylcycline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Cohort Study with Index Development","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group was inferred as 'adult' based on burn patient context; the paper does not explicitly state the age distribution of the cohort.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size for the burn cohort was not reported in the abstract or results excerpt; no sample_size tag could be assigned.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"warning","value":"The impact_flag 'practice_changing' is applied cautiously — authors explicitly position the AAI as a research tool, but the novel scoring framework and outcome association may influence antibiotic stewardship practices.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag470","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study design combines index development (using literature data from 88 papers) with retrospective cohort validation in burn patients — these are two distinct methodologies; the level of evidence tag reflects the cohort validation component.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study developed an Anaerobic Activity Index (AAI) — a numeric score quantifying anti-anaerobic antibiotic exposure — for 21 antibiotics using in vitro susceptibility data across 7 anaerobic bacterial groups, then validated it in a burn patient cohort by examining the association between 7-day AAI quartiles and a 90-day composite outcome (culture positivity with bacteria of interest, healthcare-associated infection, and/or death).","key_result":"AAI scores ranged from 4 (aztreonam) to 59 (meropenem); in burn patients, the highest AAI quartile was associated with nearly 3× greater odds of the composite 90-day outcome vs. the lowest quartile (OR 2.90; 95% CI 1.65–5.08), after adjusting for Baux score and Charlson comorbidity index.","limitations":"- Validation was limited to a single, specialized population (burn patients), restricting generalizability.\n- Several antibiotics could not be scored due to insufficient in vitro susceptibility data.\n- The AAI is acknowledged to require future updating as new susceptibility data emerge.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should be aware that broad anti-anaerobic agents (e.g., meropenem, ertapenem, tigecycline) carry the highest AAI scores and, in burn patients, high cumulative anaerobic exposure was linked to worse outcomes. Until further prospective data are available, the AAI is best used as a research tool rather than a clinical decision rule."}},{"doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","pmid":"42219900","title":"In vitro\n exposure to non-antipseudomonal antibiotics (NAPA) induces\n Pseudomonas aeruginosa\n resistance to antipseudomonal antibiotics (APA)","journal_title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy","journal_issn":"0305-7453","published_at":"2026-06-01T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13223064/","source_score":9,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-11T13:43:07.453Z","updated_at":"2026-06-11T13:43:07.453Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"category","value":"Infectious Diseases","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"condition","value":"Antimicrobial Resistance","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"condition","value":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"generic","value":"ceftazidime","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"generic","value":"ceftriaxone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"generic","value":"ciprofloxacin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"generic","value":"ertapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"generic","value":"meropenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"generic","value":"moxifloxacin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"6","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"modality","value":"Carbapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"modality","value":"Cephalosporin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fluoroquinolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=3","value_numeric":3},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"study_design","value":"In Vitro Directed Evolution Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group and sex tags are not applicable — this is a pure in vitro microbiology study with no human or animal subjects.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence rated 6 (in vitro/laboratory study); the study design does not fit standard clinical evidence hierarchies cleanly.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"warning","value":"Not all elevated MIC observations had a corresponding identified genomic mutation, suggesting incomplete mechanistic explanation.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/jac/dkag182","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size is only 3 bacterial strains; findings may not generalize across diverse clinical P. aeruginosa lineages.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Three *P. aeruginosa* strains (ATCC 27853 + 2 bloodstream isolates) were serially passaged for 11 days at subinhibitory concentrations (MIC/3) of non-antipseudomonal antibiotics (ertapenem, ceftriaxone, moxifloxacin), followed by a 3-day antibiotic-free recovery; MICs against antipseudomonal agents (meropenem, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin) and whole-genome sequencing were tracked longitudinally.","key_result":"Subinhibitory NAPA exposure reproducibly raised antipseudomonal MICs: ertapenem → up to 29-fold meropenem increase; ceftriaxone → up to 31-fold ceftazidime increase; moxifloxacin → up to 12-fold ciprofloxacin increase. Elevated MICs persisted 3 days after antibiotic removal (Day 14). Convergent mutations in efflux regulators (*nfxB*, *nalC*, *nalD*, *amrR*) and *dacB* (AmpC regulator) were detected across all strains and antibiotic exposures.","limitations":"- In vitro only; clinical relevance of subinhibitory concentrations achievable at infection sites is unconfirmed.\n- WGS performed on 1–2 colonies per timepoint, risking underdetection of heteroresistant subpopulations.\n- Proteomic or transcriptomic resistance mechanisms (independent of stable SNPs) were not assessed.","practice_takeaway":"Antibiotics commonly regarded as 'Pseudomonas-sparing' (ertapenem, ceftriaxone, moxifloxacin) can select for heritable multidrug resistance in *P. aeruginosa* even at subinhibitory exposures. Clinicians should reconsider prior NAPA exposure as a potential risk factor for antipseudomonal resistance when choosing empiric therapy."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","pmid":"42149364","title":"Combination antibiotic therapy in Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis: evidence, controversies, and future directions","journal_title":"Infection","journal_issn":"0300-8126","published_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","source_score":23,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-20T13:23:22.930Z","updated_at":"2026-05-20T13:23:22.930Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"category","value":"Infectious Diseases","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Infective Endocarditis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"condition","value":"Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"cefazolin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"ceftaroline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"daptomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"ertapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"fosfomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"gentamicin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"rifampin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"generic","value":"vancomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Aminoglycoside","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Beta-Lactam Antibiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Combination Antibiotic Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Glycopeptide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lipopeptide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"modality","value":"Rifamycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group tagged as 'adult' based on the endocarditis focus and referenced trials; pediatric data were not explicitly addressed.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size tag applied — this is a review article with no single study population.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s15010-026-02815-w","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative review without formal meta-analytic pooling; the authors' conclusions reflect expert synthesis rather than quantitative aggregation of effect sizes.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review synthesized experimental and clinical evidence for combination antibiotic regimens in *S. aureus* infective endocarditis (IE), covering both MSSA and MRSA, native and prosthetic valve disease, searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library through September 2025.","key_result":"No combination regimen showed consistent survival benefit. Adjunctive rifampin and aminoglycosides increased toxicity without clear clinical gain. Beta-lactam combinations with vancomycin or daptomycin shortened bacteremia duration but did not improve mortality. Daptomycin plus ceftaroline showed promise for persistent MRSA bacteremia, but evidence remains observational only.","limitations":"- Narrative review design with no pooled meta-analysis; conclusions depend on the quality of included studies, most of which are observational.\n- Evidence base is dominated by retrospective cohorts; few high-quality RCTs exist specifically for IE endpoints.\n- Findings may not generalize across healthcare settings with different MRSA prevalence or antibiotic access.","practice_takeaway":"Routine combination therapy for *S. aureus* IE is not supported by current evidence; a selective, case-by-case approach is preferred. Reserve daptomycin plus ceftaroline for persistent MRSA bacteremia, and avoid reflexive addition of rifampin or aminoglycosides given toxicity risk without proven benefit."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","pmid":"41957215","title":"Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics and Prostate Penetration in Bacterial Prostatitis: A Systematic Review","journal_title":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","journal_issn":"2193-8229","published_at":"2026-04-10T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","source_score":55,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-07T22:49:36.339Z","updated_at":"2026-05-07T22:49:36.339Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"category","value":"Infectious Diseases","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"condition","value":"Acute Bacterial Prostatitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"condition","value":"Bacterial Prostatitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"azithromycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"cefazolin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"ciprofloxacin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"clarithromycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"ertapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"fosfomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"levofloxacin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"meropenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"minocycline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"moxifloxacin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"ofloxacin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"piperacillin-tazobactam","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"sulfamethoxazole","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"tobramycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"generic","value":"trimethoprim","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Aminoglycoside","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Beta-Lactam","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Carbapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fluoroquinolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fosfomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Macrolide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Tetracycline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"modality","value":"Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=44 studies","value_numeric":44},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"sex","value":"male","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence assigned as 3 (systematic review of non-RCT human pharmacokinetic studies); no randomized controlled trials or clinical outcome data were included.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"warning","value":"Most tissue sampling was perioperative (TURP/prostatectomy patients), which may not reflect drug distribution in medically managed prostatitis or in acutely inflamed prostates.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"warning","value":"PT/S ratios varied substantially by sampling time post-dose across studies, limiting direct cross-study comparisons.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s40121-026-01341-4","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size (n=44) refers to the number of included studies, not individual patients; total patient numbers vary widely across studies and were not pooled.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Systematic review of 44 human studies (searched PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE through December 2024) evaluating intraprostatic pharmacokinetics of antibiotics across drug classes, using prostate tissue-to-serum (PT/S) ratios and PK parameters (Cmax, AUC) to assess prostate penetration in bacterial prostatitis.","key_result":"Fluoroquinolones consistently achieved PT/S ≥ 1 (often > 2 for ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin), supporting first-line use. Trimethoprim (TMP) showed PT/S consistently > 2 across dosing regimens; sulfamethoxazole (SMX) PT/S remained < 0.5. Macrolides (azithromycin tissue conc. 2.54 µg/g vs. plasma ≤ 0.1 µg/mL at 14 h) and minocycline (~PT/S 1.0) showed measurable penetration. Most β-lactams had PT/S < 0.4 in non-inflamed tissue; ertapenem was an exception (PT/S ~6.5–7.6). Fosfomycin achieved a mean PT/S of 0.67 ± 0.57 with undetectable tissue levels in some patients.","limitations":"- Most included studies used single time-point tissue biopsy (perioperative sampling), limiting comparison of PT/S across studies due to temporal variability.\n- Majority of patients were undergoing TURP or prostatectomy, so findings may not generalize to non-surgical prostatitis populations or acutely inflamed prostates.\n- No correlation data between intraprostatic drug concentrations and clinical outcomes (cure rates, microbiological eradication) were available.","practice_takeaway":"Choose fluoroquinolones (especially ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin) or trimethoprim-based regimens as first-line for bacterial prostatitis—they reliably reach tissue concentrations above pathogen MICs. Reserve β-lactams for acute/severe infections or perioperative prophylaxis (select cephalosporins, ertapenem), where inflammation may transiently improve prostate penetration."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","pmid":"38353987","title":"Efficacy and Durability of Intravenous Ertapenem Therapy for Recalcitrant Hidradenitis Suppurativa","journal_title":"JAMA Dermatology","journal_issn":"2168-6068","published_at":"2024-02-14T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10867774","source_score":55,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2024-04-11","doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","days":"30","issn":"2168-6068","rank":"5","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"55","category":"Dermatology","categories":["Dermatology"],"_categories":["Dermatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","title":"Efficacy and Durability of Intravenous Ertapenem Therapy for Recalcitrant Hidradenitis Suppurativa.","journal":"JAMA dermatology","methods":"","results":"$30","abstract":"$31","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"38353987","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2024-02-14T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","ISSN":["2168-6068"],"link":[{"URL":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/articlepdf/2815036/jamadermatology_nosrati_2024_oi_230075_1710184546.86866.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":"312","type":"journal-article","issue":"3","score":1,"title":["Efficacy and Durability of Intravenous Ertapenem Therapy for Recalcitrant Hidradenitis Suppurativa"],"author":[{"given":"Avigdor","family":"Nosrati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Peter Y.","family":"Ch’en","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"McCall E.","family":"Torpey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Shokrian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Gretchen","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Benesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Tyler M.","family":"Andriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Tian Ran","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Haley D.","family":"Heibel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"H. Dean","family":"Hosgood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Kristina L.","family":"Campton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York"}]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"member":"10","prefix":"10.1001","source":"Crossref","volume":"160","created":{"date-time":"2024-02-14T16:01:33Z","timestamp":1707926493000,"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2025-08-02T04:12:41Z","timestamp":1754107961026,"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]]},"subject":[],"abstract":"$32","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2815036"}},"subtitle":[],"deposited":{"date-time":"2024-03-20T15:01:48Z","timestamp":1710946908000,"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2168-6068"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","reference":[{"DOI":"10.1016/j.det.2015.07.003","key":"doi230075r1","year":"2016","issue":"1","author":"Deckers","volume":"34","first-page":"17","unstructured":null,"article-title":"The handicap of hidradenitis suppurativa.","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/ddg.2013.11.issue-8","key":"doi230075r2","year":"2013","issue":"8","author":"Kurek","volume":"11","first-page":"743","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Depression is a frequent co-morbidity in patients with acne inversa.","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jaad.2019.02.067","key":"doi230075r3","year":"2019","issue":"1","author":"Alikhan","volume":"81","first-page":"76","unstructured":null,"article-title":"North American Clinical Management Guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa: a publication from the United States and Canadian Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundations: part I: diagnosis, evaluation, and the use of complementary and procedural management.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/jdv.2015.29.issue-4","key":"doi230075r4","year":"2015","issue":"4","author":"Zouboulis","volume":"29","first-page":"619","unstructured":null,"article-title":"European S1 guideline for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa.","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":null,"key":"doi230075r5","year":"2005","issue":"8","author":"Shah","volume":"72","first-page":"1547","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa: a treatment challenge.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician","doi-asserted-by":null},{"DOI":"10.2165/00003495-200363170-00006","key":"doi230075r6","year":"2003","issue":"17","author":"Curran","volume":"63","first-page":"1855","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Ertapenem: a review of its use in the management of bacterial infections.","journal-title":"Drugs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1093/jac/dkv361","key":"doi230075r7","year":"2016","issue":"2","author":"Join-Lambert","volume":"71","first-page":"513","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Efficacy of ertapenem in severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a pilot study in a cohort of 30 consecutive patients.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jdcr.2017.12.010","key":"doi230075r8","year":"2018","issue":"5","author":"Chahine","volume":"4","first-page":"482","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Ertapenem rescue therapy in hidradenitis suppurativa.","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/ijd.2018.57.issue-9","key":"doi230075r9","year":"2018","issue":"9","author":"Braunberger","volume":"57","first-page":"1088","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Ertapenem—a potent treatment for clinical and quality of life improvement in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jaad.2020.06.186","key":"doi230075r10","year":"2020","issue":"6","author":"Nosrati","volume":"83","first-page":"AB25","unstructured":null,"article-title":"14970 Short-lived efficacy of ertapenem for refractory hidradenitis suppurativa.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.7326/0003-4819-157-12-201212180-00004","key":"doi230075r12","year":"2012","issue":"12","author":"Kimball","volume":"157","first-page":"846","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Adalimumab for the treatment of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa: a parallel randomized trial.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1080/09546634.2023.2179368","key":"doi230075r13","year":"2023","issue":"1","author":"Segura Palacios","volume":"34","first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":"Intramuscular ertapenem for the treatment of severe cases hidradenitis suppurativa.","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1111/ijd.v61.10","key":"doi230075r14","year":"2022","issue":"10","author":"Andriano","volume":"61","first-page":"1270","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Serum inflammatory markers and leukocyte profiles accurately describe hidradenitis suppurativa disease severity.","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jaad.2019.02.068","key":"doi230075r15","year":"2019","issue":"1","author":"Alikhan","volume":"81","first-page":"91","unstructured":null,"article-title":"North American Clinical Management Guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa: a publication from the United States and Canadian Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundations: part II: topical, intralesional, and systemic medical management.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1007/s13555-020-00465-w","key":"doi230075r16","year":"2021","issue":"1","author":"Wark","volume":"11","first-page":"39","unstructured":null,"article-title":"The microbiome in hidradenitis suppurativa: a review.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":null,"key":"doi230075r11","year":"2019","issue":null,"author":"Nosrati","volume":null,"first-page":null,"unstructured":null,"article-title":null,"journal-title":null,"doi-asserted-by":null}],"short-title":[],"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]}},"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"original-title":[],"container-title":["JAMA Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference-count":16,"published-online":null,"references-count":16,"short-container-title":["JAMA Dermatol"],"is-referenced-by-count":20},"unpaywall":{"doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","is_oa":true,"title":"Efficacy and Durability of Intravenous Ertapenem Therapy for Recalcitrant Hidradenitis Suppurativa","updated":"2025-08-07T14:57:37+00:00","published_date":"2024-02-14","best_oa_location":{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10867774","pmh_id":"oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10867774","url_for_pdf":null,"url_for_landing_page":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10867774"}}},"created_at":"2025-09-20T09:01:27.770Z","updated_at":"2025-09-20T09:01:27.770Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"category","value":"Dermatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hidradenitis Suppurativa","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"generic","value":"ertapenem","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"modality","value":"Antibiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=98","value_numeric":98},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Retrospective Cohort","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"warning","value":"Concomitant biologics and antiandrogens were maintained, which may confound effects.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"warning","value":"Single-arm, pre–post retrospective review; design classification is approximate.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.6201","tag_type":"warning","value":"Survey response was 78% and posttherapy follow-up was short (mean 7.8 weeks), limiting durability assessment.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"practice_takeaway":"For recalcitrant hidradenitis suppurativa, a 12–16-week home IV ertapenem course was linked to short-term improvements in symptoms and inflammatory markers with high patient satisfaction, but many patients flared after stopping and 18% reported adverse effects; monitor closely and guard against antimicrobial resistance with prolonged use.","what_studied":"Single-center retrospective review of 98 adults with recalcitrant hidradenitis suppurativa treated at home with intravenous ertapenem 1 g daily for 12–16 weeks; outcomes were assessed from baseline through posttherapy follow-up (mean 7.8 weeks) while prior biologics/antiandrogens were continued.","key_result":"From baseline to posttherapy, mean HS-PGA decreased from 3.9 to 2.7 (P<.001) and pain from 4.2 to 1.8 (P<.001); CRP fell from 5.4 to 2.4 mg/dL (P<.001), IL-6 from 25.2 to 13.7 (P<.001), and leukocytes from 11.34 to 10.0 (P<.001). Among 76 survey respondents, 63 (80.3%) reported medium to high satisfaction, 69 (90.8%) would recommend ertapenem, 58 (76.3%) reported a flare after stopping, and 14 (18.4%) reported adverse effects.","limitations":"Retrospective, single-center, single-arm design with no control and continuation of concomitant biologic/antiandrogen therapy limits causal inference; short posttherapy follow-up (mean 7.8 weeks) and a 78% survey response may bias durability and satisfaction estimates."}}],"initialOffset":5,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"generic","value":"ertapenem"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Generics","href":"/hub/tag/generic"},{"name":"ertapenem"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"generic","hub_tag_value":"ertapenem"}}}]]

Papers