2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2iy5wruuedsh6.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00yc7rcvua6a7.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/37ktb71aq3480.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d50b-7eu4558.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2d6noqpp6ehas.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1sx186c93bpzg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3dc-1n866s65i.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2w1bvggzb0ga8.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T782,Allergic rhinitis displays a relevant impact on quality of life. Medications used in the treatment of rhinitis have been assessed on their impact on rhinoconjunctivitis-related quality of life, but not on generic health-related quality of life metrics, such as utilities or EQ-5D visual analogue scale (VAS) levels. This study aimed to compare different medication classes and individual medications on utilities and EQ-5D VAS levels using data from a mobile app. We conducted an observational study using direct patient data from the MASK-air mobile application, collected between May 2015 and December 2024. We compared rhinitis medication classes and individual medications on health utilities (computed from the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire) and the EQ-5D VAS. To account for confounding, we employed inverse probability treatment weighting based on propensity scores, adjusting for demographics, baseline symptom control, and asthma status. The study analysed 69,973 observations with EQ-5D VAS data and 842 observations with utility data. At the medication class level, fixed combinations of intranasal antihistamines and corticosteroids were associated with improvements in EQ-5D VAS (mean difference = 1.900; 95% CI = 1.316-2.484) and utilities (mean difference = 0.022; 95% CI = -0.015 to 0.059) compared with oral antihistamines (OAH). Intranasal antihistamines were associated with lower EQ-5D VAS and utility scores than other intranasal treatments. For individual medications, mometasone was associated with a lower EQ-5D VAS than budesonide and fluticasone furoate, while fexofenadine and levocetirizine tended to be associated with lower VAS values than other OAH. Fixed combinations of intranasal antihistamines and corticosteroids were associated with better quality-of-life than oral antihistamines and intranasal antihistamines. These findings could support future cost-effectiveness analyses.31:Ta20,ABSTRACT Background Allergic rhinitis displays a relevant impact on quality of life. Medications used in the treatment of rhinitis have been assessed on their impact on rhinoconjunctivitis‐related quality of life, but not on generic health‐related quality of life metrics, such as utilities or EQ‐5D visual analogue scale (VAS) levels. This study aimed to compare different medication classes and individual medications on utilities and EQ‐5D VAS levels using data from a mobile app. Methods We conducted an observational study using direct patient data from the MASK‐air mobile application, collected between May 2015 and December 2024. We compared rhinitis medication classes and individual medications on health utilities (computed from the EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaire) and the EQ‐5D VAS. To account for confounding, we employed inverse probability treatment weighting based on propensity scores, adjusting for demographics, baseline symptom control, and asthma status. Results The study analysed 69,973 observations with EQ‐5D VAS data and 842 observations with utility data. At the medication class level, fixed combinations of intranasal antihistamines and corticosteroids were associated with improvements in EQ‐5D VAS (mean difference = 1.900; 95% CI = 1.316–2.484) and utilities (mean difference = 0.022; 95% CI = −0.015 to 0.059) compared with oral antihistamines (OAH). Intranasal antihistamines were associated with lower EQ‐5D VAS and utility scores than other intranasal treatments. For individual medications, mometasone was associated with a lower EQ‐5D VAS than budesonide and fluticasone furoate, while fexofenadine and levocetirizine tended to be associated with lower VAS values than other OAH. Conclusion Fixed combinations of intranasal antihistamines and corticosteroids were associated with better quality‐of‐life than oral antihistamines and intranasal antihistamines. These findings could support future cost‐effectiveness analyses. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"levocetirizine: generic Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on levocetirizine (generic). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Sleep disturbance and exacerbations were not improved (low certainty). First-generation agents increased cognitive impairment and treatment discontinuation (RD +66 per 1,000; moderate certainty); among second-generation agents, loratadine showed 0 excess cognitive events vs. 16–17 more per 1,000 for levocetirizine and cetirizine.","limitations":"- Low certainty evidence for sleep and exacerbation outcomes limits conclusions for those endpoints.\n- Enrolled populations had primarily moderate-to-severe disease, so findings may not generalise to mild atopic dermatitis.\n- Network meta-analysis relies on indirect comparisons across heterogeneous trials, which may affect precision.","practice_takeaway":"Routine oral antihistamine use for atopic dermatitis is not supported by evidence — any benefit falls well below what patients notice, while first-generation agents carry meaningful cognitive risks. If an antihistamine must be used, loratadine appears to carry the lowest cognitive impairment risk among second-generation options."}},{"doi":"10.1111/cea.70335","pmid":"42087806","title":"Comparison of Allergic Rhinitis Treatments on Utilities and Quality of Life: A\n MASK\n ‐air Study","journal_title":"Clinical & Experimental Allergy","journal_issn":"0954-7894","published_at":"2026-05-06T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.70335","source_score":4,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-05-08","doi":"10.1111/cea.70335","days":"14","issn":"0954-7894","rank":"7","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"4","category":"Allergy","categories":["Allergy"],"_categories":["Allergy"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/cea.70335","title":"Comparison of Allergic Rhinitis Treatments on Utilities and Quality of Life: A MASK-air Study.","journal":"Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology","methods":"","results":"The study analysed 69,973 observations with EQ-5D VAS data and 842 observations with utility data. At the medication class level, fixed combinations of intranasal antihistamines and corticosteroids were associated with improvements in EQ-5D VAS (mean difference = 1.900; 95% CI = 1.316-2.484) and utilities (mean difference = 0.022; 95% CI = -0.015 to 0.059) compared with oral antihistamines (OAH). Intranasal antihistamines were associated with lower EQ-5D VAS and utility scores than other intranasal treatments. For individual medications, mometasone was associated with a lower EQ-5D VAS than budesonide and fluticasone furoate, while fexofenadine and levocetirizine tended to be associated with lower VAS values than other OAH.","abstract":"$30","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"42087806","conclusions":"Fixed combinations of intranasal antihistamines and corticosteroids were associated with better quality-of-life than oral antihistamines and intranasal antihistamines. These findings could support future cost-effectiveness analyses.","publication_date":"2026-05-06T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1111/cea.70335","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.70335","ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"link":[{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/cea.70335","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/cea.70335","content-type":"application/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/cea.70335","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Comparison of Allergic Rhinitis Treatments on Utilities and Quality of Life: A\n MASK\n ‐air Study"],"author":[{"given":"Nuno","family":"Lourenço‐Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Bernardo","family":"Sousa‐Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Bognanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Research Center (CERC) Humanitas University and Humanitas Research Hospital Milan Italy"}]},{"given":"Ana Margarida","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Allergy Unit Instituto and Hospital CUF Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"João","family":"Coutinho‐Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Porto Health School Polytechnic Institute of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Research Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Brussino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences University of Torino Torino Italy"},{"name":"Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit Mauriziano Hospital Torino Italy"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Giovannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Unit Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS Florence Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences University of Florence Florence Italy"}]},{"given":"Bilun","family":"Gemicioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Institute of Pulmonology and Tuberculosis Istanbul University‐Cerrahpaşa Istanbul Turkey"}]},{"given":"Violeta","family":"Kvedariene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Chest Diseases and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}]},{"given":"Desiree E.","family":"Larenas‐Linnemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence in Asthma and Allergy Médica Sur Clinical Foundation and Hospital México City Mexico"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Marques‐Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos G.","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic University of Athens Athens Greece"}]},{"given":"Nhân","family":"Pham‐Thi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Polytechnique de Palaiseau Palaiseau France"},{"name":"IRBA (Institut de Recherche Bio‐Médicale des Armées) Bretigny sur Orge France"},{"name":"Université Paris Cité Paris France"},{"name":"Center for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Alésia Paris France"}]},{"given":"Frederico S.","family":"Regateiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Immunology University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal"},{"name":"UBIAir – Clinical & Experimental Lung Centre and CICS‐UBI Health Sciences Research Centre University of Beira Interior Covilhã Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sanna K.","family":"Toppila‐Salmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Eastern Finland and the North Savo Wellbeing Services County Kuopio Finland"},{"name":"Department of Allergy, Skin and Allergy Hospital, Inflammation Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}]},{"given":"Boleslaw","family":"Samolinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prevention of Environmental Hazards, Allergology and Immunology Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland"}]},{"given":"Joaquin","family":"Sastre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Service, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, CIBERES‐ISCIII Madrid Spain"}]},{"given":"Luís","family":"Taborda‐Barata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE‐Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, and UBIAir‐Clinical & Experimental Lung Centre University of Beira Interior Covilhã Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Immunoallergology Unidade Local de Saúde, Cova da Beira Covilhã Portugal"}]},{"given":"Arunas","family":"Valiulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Asthma, Allergy and Chronic Lung Diseases Vilnius Lithuania"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences Medical Faculty of Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania"}]},{"given":"Leticia de las","family":"Vecillas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) Madrid Spain"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Ventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bari Medical School Bari Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Sciences of Food Production National Research Council (ISPA‐CNR) Bari Italy"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Pfaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Rhinology and Allergy, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital Marburg, Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany"}]},{"given":"João A.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Allergy Unit Instituto and Hospital CUF Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Torsten","family":"Zuberbier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology Berlin Germany"}]},{"given":"Ludger","family":"Klimek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Universitätsmedizin Mainz Mainz Germany"},{"name":"Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden Germany"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Bousquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology Berlin Germany"},{"name":"ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) Montpellier France"},{"name":"MASK‐air Montpellier France"}]},{"given":"Rafael José","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MEDCIDS – Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal"},{"name":"CINTESIS@RISE – Health Research Network, Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto 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The sample_size tag reflects the larger VAS dataset; utility sample is much smaller.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70335","tag_type":"warning","value":"The finding that fexofenadine and levocetirizine were associated with *lower* (worse) EQ-5D VAS values than other oral antihistamines is counterintuitive and may reflect confounding by indication rather than true inferiority.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/cea.70335","tag_type":"warning","value":"The utility comparison (n=842) is substantially underpowered relative to the VAS comparison (n=69,973); the key utility result's 95% CI crosses zero, indicating uncertain clinical significance.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This observational study used real-world data from the MASK-air mobile app (May 2015–Dec 2024) to compare allergic rhinitis medication classes and individual drugs on generic health-related quality of life — specifically EQ-5D VAS scores and health utilities — using inverse probability treatment weighting to adjust for confounding.","key_result":"Fixed combinations of intranasal antihistamines + corticosteroids outperformed oral antihistamines on EQ-5D VAS (mean difference +1.900; 95% CI 1.316–2.484) and utilities (mean difference +0.022; 95% CI −0.015 to 0.059). Intranasal antihistamines alone scored lower than other intranasal treatments. Among oral antihistamines, fexofenadine and levocetirizine tended toward lower (worse) VAS values; among intranasal corticosteroids, mometasone was associated with lower EQ-5D VAS than budesonide or fluticasone furoate.","limitations":"- The utility dataset was very small (n=842), making utility comparisons underpowered and the confidence interval for the key utility result crossing zero.\n- Observational design with propensity-score weighting cannot fully eliminate confounding by indication (e.g., sicker patients may preferentially receive certain drugs).\n- App-based self-report data may not be representative of the broader allergic rhinitis population.","practice_takeaway":"Fixed intranasal antihistamine–corticosteroid combinations appear to offer the best generic quality-of-life benefit among rhinitis drug classes and may be preferred when patient-centered outcomes matter. Clinicians should interpret individual-drug comparisons (e.g., mometasone vs. fluticasone furoate) cautiously given the observational design and small utility sample."}}],"initialOffset":2,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"generic","value":"levocetirizine"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Generics","href":"/hub/tag/generic"},{"name":"levocetirizine"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"generic","hub_tag_value":"levocetirizine"}}}]]

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