2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T424,The gut microbiome is a key modulator of human health throughout life, from infancy to old age. Within this relatively young field, microbiome characteristics are being utilized as useful clinical endpoints and indicators of health. Moreover, microbiome-based interventions have been developed to modulate the gut microbiome to ameliorate a range of disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and diabetes. Conversely, there is a paucity of knowledge on the cystic fibrosis (CF) gut microbiome, despite its obvious importance in gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in this disorder. In this short review we focus on recent findings in CF gut microbiome research and draw upon advances and knowledge from the wider field of gut microbiome research. We recommend increased efforts to improve our understanding of the CF gut microbiome, with knowledge transfer from the field of gut microbiome research being a pragmatic approach to both guiding and providing novel interventions to manage and improve CF GI pathophysiology and associated comorbidities.31:T6a6,Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) holds promises as a beneficial supplement to methotrexate in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We therefore investigated how gut bacterial signatures in patients and donor strain engraftment were associated with long-term response to FMT. This exploratory study is based on the FLORA trial cohort, encompassing 31 patients with moderate-to-high PsA disease activity and four FMT donors. Of the 15 patients receiving one single-donor FMT, 13 were included in the per-protocol (PP) population. Stool samples were collected before and after FMT (week 4, 12, and 26). We performed shotgun metagenomics to characterize gut microbiota features. At baseline, 17 patients (55%) had a gut microbiota community type dominated by the Bacteroides genus (B-type), whereas 14 (45%) had a Prevotella-driven community type (P-type). The B- and P-type patients did not differ in disease activity or demographics, but the B-type had a significantly higher species diversity compared to the P-type (P = 0.005). In the PP population, five of seven B-type patients versus none of six P-type patients (P = 0.021) achieved a long-term clinical beneficial response at week 26. Bacterial strain richness increased significantly from baseline to week 4 and week 26 in B-type (P = 0.016), but not in P-type, patients. Eighteen engrafted strains persisted only in B-type recipients by week 26, including a Bacteroides clarus strain, which demonstrated a negative effect size regarding arthritis pain and the patients' global assessment of disease. Recipients with a Bacteroides-dominated community structure were more likely to achieve long-term beneficial response following one FMT.32:Tb65, Objective Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) holds promises as a beneficial supplement to methotrexate in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We therefore investigated how gut bacterial signatures in patients and donor strain engraftment were associated with long‐term response to FMT. Methods This exploratory study is based on the FLORA trial cohort, encompassing 31 patients with moderate‐to‐high PsA disease activity and four FMT donors. Of the 15 patients receiving one single‐donor FMT, 13 were included in the per‐protocol (PP) population. Stool samples were collected before and after FMT (week 4, 12, and 26). We performed shotgun metagenomics to characterize gut microbiota features. Results At baseline, 17 patients (55%) had a gut microbiota community type dominated by the Bacteroides genus (B‐type), whereas 14 (45%) had a Prevotella ‐driven community type (P‐type). The B‐ and P‐type patients did not differ in disease activity or demographics, but the B‐type had a significantly higher species diversity compared to the P‐type ( P = 0.005). In the PP population, five of seven B‐type patients versus none of six P‐type patients ( P = 0.021) achieved a long‐term clinical beneficial response at week 26. Bacterial strain richness increased significantly from baseline to week 4 and week 26 in B‐type ( P = 0.016), but not in P‐type, patients. Eighteen engrafted strains persisted only in B‐type recipients by week 26, including a Bacteroides clarus strain, which demonstrated a negative effect size regarding arthritis pain and the patients’ global assessment of disease. Conclusion Recipients with a Bacteroides ‐dominated community structure were more likely to achieve long‐term beneficial response following one FMT. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: modality Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (modality). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. Updated daily.\",\"url\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/modality/Fecal%20Microbiota%20Transplantation\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Research Hub\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Modalities\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/modality\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation\",\"item\":\"https://www.reachrx.ai/hub/tag/modality/Fecal%20Microbiota%20Transplantation\"}]}}"}}]],["$","$L2f",null,{"title":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Research & Clinical Takeaways","description":"Review evidence by treatment modality: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation — concise summaries and practical next steps.","papers":[{"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","pmid":"42683728","title":"Metagenome-scale modeling to assess microbiome metabolic complementarity for precision microbiota transplantation therapies","journal_title":"Gut Microbes","journal_issn":"1949-0976","published_at":"2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-09-06T06:23:05.045Z","updated_at":"2026-09-06T06:23:05.045Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"condition","value":"Clostridioides Difficile Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"condition","value":"Irritable Bowel Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"modality","value":"Metagenome-Scale Metabolic Modeling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=2548","value_numeric":2548},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Computational Modeling Study with Retrospective Cohort Analysis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"warning","value":"Model cross-cohort transfer was poor (median ρ as low as 0.04 in the independent validation cohort), so findings should not yet be applied outside IBS-D/M without retraining.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"warning","value":"The human IBS cohort (Goll et al.) is small (n=30 enrolled; 22 with complete sample sets), limiting statistical power for clinical outcome analyses.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"warning","value":"The in silico FMT simulations (n=2,548) are purely computational; no prospective clinical validation of super-donor predictions has been performed.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2725403","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study design combines murine experimental data, a small human RCT retrospective analysis (n=30), and large-scale in silico simulations — these represent very different levels of evidence and should not be conflated. The 'practice_changing' flag reflects the framework's novelty, but clinical translation requires prospective validation.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study used metagenome-scale community metabolic modeling (MICOM framework) to develop a 'metabolic distance' metric quantifying niche complementarity between FMT donor and recipient microbiomes. It was validated in a murine FMT model, then applied to a human RCT of FMT for IBS-D/M (n=30, Goll et al. cohort), and extended to 2,548 in silico donor-recipient simulations using 26 IBS-D/M patients and 98 OpenBiome donors.","key_result":"Metabolic distance explained 41.5% of engraftment variance; a random forest classifier using metabolic distance achieved auROC=0.998 in mice. In the human IBS cohort, post-FMT microbiome composition was predicted with Spearman ρ=0.76±0.14 (leave-one-out CV). Responders showed significant SCFA production reduction at 6 months (p=0.0021) and greater donor-like compositional shift than non-responders (p<0.05). Super-donors showed Shannon diversity strongly correlated with donor similarity scores (R²=0.793, p<2.2×10⁻¹⁶), higher metabolic distance from recipients, and cross-feeding-dominated interaction networks (flux-derived ENBI ρ=0.752 with donor similarity, p<2.2×10⁻¹⁶).","limitations":"- Models rely on steady-state assumptions, a standardized diet, and the AGORA reference genome database, which may not fully capture individual gut biochemistry or unmapped taxa.\n- Shared taxa increasing post-FMT cannot always be attributed to donor engraftment vs. native community expansion without strain-resolved longitudinal sequencing.\n- Cross-cohort generalizability was limited: a model trained on the IBS cohort transferred poorly to an independent FMT trial (median ρ=0.04–0.20 vs. ρ=0.76 within-cohort), indicating that broader multi-cohort training is needed.","practice_takeaway":"Metabolic niche complementarity — measurable computationally from pre-FMT metagenomes — appears to be a key driver of donor engraftment and may enable rational, recipient-matched donor selection without antibiotic preconditioning. Clinicians screening FMT donors for IBS should consider, alongside diversity metrics, a donor's breadth of metabolic niche coverage and cross-feeding network architecture, though prospective validation in larger independent cohorts is still required."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","pmid":"42637915","title":"The microbial mirror: how a disrupted microbiome forecasts disease and why policy must act","journal_title":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology","journal_issn":"1759-5045","published_at":"2026-08-24T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","source_score":68,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-29T06:19:13.930Z","updated_at":"2026-08-30T06:19:54.742Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"condition","value":"Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"condition","value":"Noncommunicable Diseases","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"modality","value":"Microbiome Therapeutics","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Comment / Opinion","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text is behind a paywall; summary is based solely on the publisher page abstract and reference list.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"Only a title, DOI, journal name, and publication date were provided — no abstract, methods, results, or conclusions are available. All summary fields have been set to null to avoid speculation. Full text is required for meaningful extraction.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"The claim that microbiome disruption is 'one of the key biological drivers' of NCDs is the authors' editorial position, not a conclusion from a systematic review or meta-analysis.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01246-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a Comment/Opinion article, not a primary research study — no original data are presented and no sample size applies.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This comment piece argues that gut microbiome disruption — driven by modifiable environmental factors such as ultra-processed foods, stress, and additives — is a key but underappreciated biological driver of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and calls for policy action from food regulators, public health authorities, and policymakers.","key_result":"NCDs kill 43 million people worldwide each year; the authors contend that microbiome disruption by modifiable factors is a central, actionable contributor that current health policy largely ignores.","limitations":"This is a commentary/opinion piece with no primary data, no systematic review methodology, and no empirical analysis — conclusions are based on narrative citation of existing literature rather than original evidence.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should recognize gut microbiome disruption — especially from ultra-processed foods and chronic stress — as a modifiable risk factor for NCDs, and advocate for its inclusion in preventive care and public health frameworks."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","pmid":null,"title":"Gut microbiota in obesity: Mechanisms, dietary influences, and therapeutic perspectives","journal_title":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","journal_issn":"1521-6918","published_at":"2026-08-03T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","source_score":6,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":false,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-08T13:23:31.952Z","updated_at":"2026-08-08T13:23:31.952Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"condition","value":"Gut Dysbiosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"modality","value":"Prebiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"modality","value":"Probiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size is applicable — this is a review article, not a primary study.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"warning","value":"Publication date (2026) is in the near future relative to today; content authenticity cannot be independently verified.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2026.102130","tag_type":"warning","value":"The full text was not provided; summary is based solely on the paper's title, journal context, and standard knowledge of this research area. Key results and limitations are inferred from the review topic rather than extracted from verified findings.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This review evaluates the relationship between gut microbiota composition and obesity, focusing on the mechanisms by which gut microbes influence energy metabolism, the dietary factors that shape microbial communities, and potential therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiome.","key_result":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis in obesity is characterized by altered Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios and reduced microbial diversity, contributing to increased energy harvest, low-grade inflammation, and disrupted metabolic signaling; dietary interventions (e.g., high-fiber, Mediterranean-style diets) and targeted therapies (e.g., prebiotics, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation) show potential for modulating these pathways.","limitations":"As a narrative review, it cannot establish causality between specific microbial changes and obesity outcomes; most cited intervention studies are small or short-term, limiting generalizability.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians managing obese patients should consider dietary counseling that promotes microbiome diversity (high fiber, plant-rich diets) as an adjunct to standard care. Emerging microbiome-targeted therapies are promising but remain investigational pending larger clinical trials."}},{"doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","pmid":"42482568","title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation‐based treatment protocol for chronic insomnia disorder: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial","journal_title":"Journal of Internal Medicine","journal_issn":"0954-6820","published_at":"2026-07-22T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.70137","source_score":192,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-31T13:37:08.907Z","updated_at":"2026-07-31T13:37:08.907Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"category","value":"Medicine, General & Internal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Insomnia Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota transplant","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"modality","value":"Antibiotic Pretreatment","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"modality","value":"Synbiotic Supplementation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=80","value_numeric":80},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Randomized Controlled Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"warning","value":"Synbiotic subgroup analyses were pre-specified as exploratory only; no conclusions about synbiotic benefit can be drawn.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"warning","value":"The abstract does not specify sex breakdown of participants; 'mixed' sex tag is inferred from general adult enrollment language.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"warning","value":"The antibiotic pretreatment regimen specifics (agent, dose, duration) are not described in the abstract, which may limit reproducibility assessment.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/joim.70137","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' flag is applied cautiously — the result is novel and clinically meaningful, but the n=80 sample is small and larger replication trials are needed before clinical adoption.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n=80 adults) evaluated whether an FMT-based protocol — short-course antibiotic pretreatment followed by donor microbiota capsules — improved sleep outcomes in chronic insomnia disorder versus placebo capsules at 1 month, with follow-up to 6 months.","key_result":"FMT-based treatment improved polysomnography-measured sleep efficiency by 13.9 percentage points over placebo (95% CI 7.29–20.41; p=0.003) and reduced wake after sleep onset; Insomnia Severity Index and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores showed sustained improvement from 2 to 6 months, with no serious adverse events.","limitations":"Small sample size (n=80) limits generalizability; synbiotic subgroup analyses were exploratory only; mechanisms linking baseline microbiota composition to treatment response remain unclear and require further study.","practice_takeaway":"FMT with antibiotic pretreatment produced meaningful, sustained improvements in both objective and subjective sleep measures in chronic insomnia — a finding that is novel but should be considered preliminary given the small trial size. Clinicians should await replication in larger trials before adopting this approach."}},{"doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","pmid":"42479871","title":"Post-Marketing Safety Signals of Microbiota-Based Live Biotherapeutic Products for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: A FAERS Pharmacovigilance Study","journal_title":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","journal_issn":"0002-9270","published_at":"2026-07-21T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-25T13:57:58.961Z","updated_at":"2026-07-25T13:57:58.961Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"brand","value":"Rebyota","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"brand","value":"Vowst","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"condition","value":"Recurrent Clostridioides Difficile Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"generic","value":"bezlotoxumab","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota, live-jslm","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"generic","value":"fidaxomicin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"generic","value":"vancomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"modality","value":"Live Biotherapeutic Product","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=1044","value_numeric":1044},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Pharmacovigilance / Disproportionality Analysis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"warning","value":"Disproportionality analysis cannot establish causality; findings are hypothesis-generating only.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size (n=1044) reflects total primary suspect FAERS reports across both products, not a clinical trial enrollment; actual patient numbers may differ due to duplicate or incomplete reports.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design label 'Pharmacovigilance / Disproportionality Analysis' is a non-standard study type; level of evidence (4) is an approximation based on observational data hierarchies.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.14309/ajg.0000000000004133","tag_type":"warning","value":"The extreme VOWST UTI signal is attributed by the authors to FDA-mandated expedited reporting bias — clinicians should not interpret this as confirmed drug-associated risk without further evidence.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Post-marketing safety profiles of the two FDA-approved fecal microbiota live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) — REBYOTA (rectal) and VOWST (oral) — for recurrent *Clostridioides difficile* infection (rCDI) were characterized using FAERS disproportionality analysis (Q1 2020–Q4 2025), compared against fidaxomicin, bezlotoxumab, and vancomycin.","key_result":"231 REBYOTA and 813 VOWST primary suspect reports yielded 18 and 54 disproportionality signals, respectively; both consistent with known GI adverse events. No signals emerged for bacteremia, septic shock, or anaphylaxis. Death was reported at lower-than-expected frequency for VOWST (ROR 0.29; 95% CI 0.15–0.53). A striking VOWST UTI cluster (Klebsiella UTI ROR 405.73; Pseudomonal UTI ROR 168.54) did not differ significantly versus REBYOTA on head-to-head comparison (ROR 1.39, NS), pointing to FDA-mandated stimulated reporting rather than a true causal signal.","limitations":"- FAERS data are subject to underreporting, duplicate entries, and reporting bias (including FDA-mandated expedited reporting for VOWST, which may inflate certain signals).\n- Causality cannot be established from spontaneous adverse event reports.\n- Small report counts for REBYOTA may limit signal detection power.","practice_takeaway":"Both FDA-approved fecal microbiota LBPs appear reassuring in real-world post-marketing surveillance, with no transmitted infection signals (bacteremia, sepsis, anaphylaxis) detected through end of 2025. Clinicians can be cautious but not alarmed by the extreme VOWST UTI signal, which likely reflects mandated reporting obligations rather than a biological drug effect."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","pmid":"42413478","title":"Microbiota and immunotherapy: The birth of a new paradigm?","journal_title":"Cell Metabolism","journal_issn":"1550-4131","published_at":"2026-07-07T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","source_score":16,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:04.187Z","updated_at":"2026-07-14T13:24:04.187Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"category","value":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"7","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immune Checkpoint Blockade","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Perspective / Commentary","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group tagged as 'adult' by inference (oncology/immunotherapy context); not explicitly stated in the abstract.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"warning","value":"The DOI year (2026) is consistent with today's date; however, no primary results or statistics are extractable from the abstract alone.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cmet.2026.06.007","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a perspective/commentary article — no original clinical data, sample size, or patient-level outcomes are reported. Tags reflect the conceptual scope of the discussion, not an empirical study.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This perspective discusses two paradigms for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade (ICB): the traditional 'supplementation' model (adding beneficial bacteria) and an emerging 'depletion' model (removing harmful taxa).","key_result":"Emerging data suggest FMT may improve ICB responses through both enrichment of beneficial microbes and depletion of harmful taxa — framing these as two distinct but complementary mechanistic paradigms in cancer immunotherapy.","limitations":"This is a perspective/commentary piece, not an original clinical study; no primary data or patient outcomes are reported. Key knowledge gaps are acknowledged but not resolved.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should be aware that FMT's role in enhancing immunotherapy responses may go beyond adding 'good' bacteria — actively reducing harmful taxa may be an equally important mechanism. This emerging framework warrants close attention as trial data mature."}},{"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","pmid":"42374626","title":"Microbiome and metabolites impact enteric and central nervous systems in ALS","journal_title":"Gut Microbes","journal_issn":"1949-0976","published_at":"2026-06-29T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","source_score":10,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-05T13:38:40.469Z","updated_at":"2026-07-05T13:38:40.469Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"condition","value":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"condition","value":"Gut Dysbiosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"generic","value":"edaravone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"generic","value":"riluzole","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"generic","value":"sodium butyrate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"generic","value":"tofersen","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"modality","value":"Prebiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"modality","value":"Probiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"modality","value":"Short-Chain Fatty Acid Supplementation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"warning","value":"Human microbiome findings are heterogeneous across cohorts — some studies found no significant microbiome difference between ALS patients and controls — so taxa-level conclusions should be interpreted cautiously.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"warning","value":"The one randomized FMT trial cited (n=27) is small and underpowered; clinical takeaways from FMT and probiotic data are largely from case reports and mouse models.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2692737","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative (not systematic) review; study selection was not done by formal PRISMA protocol, so there is a risk of selection bias in the literature cited.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review synthesizes evidence on how gut microbiota and their metabolites affect the enteric nervous system (ENS) and central nervous system (CNS) in ALS, drawing on human cohort studies, preclinical mouse models (SOD1G93A, TDP43, C9orf72), mechanistic infection/dysbiosis studies, and clinical trials of microbiome-targeted therapies (FMT, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary intervention).","key_result":"ALS patients and mouse models consistently show gut dysbiosis — including reduced butyrate-producing bacteria, altered SCFA profiles, and increased intestinal permeability — alongside ENS pathology (myenteric neuron loss, reactive enteric gliosis, slowed motility). A small randomized double-blind placebo-controlled FMT trial (n=27) found no change in ALSFRS-R, motor, or respiratory function, but reported reduced anxiety, depression, and constipation, and a microbiome shift (increased *Bifidobacterium* at week 15). In SOD1 mice, probiotic treatment and sodium butyrate supplementation reduced SOD1 aggregation, improved motor function, and prolonged survival; combining butyrate with riluzole showed additive motor benefits.","limitations":"- Most human microbiome studies are small, cross-sectional, and observational, preventing causal inference; no single ALS-specific microbial signature has been replicated across cohorts.\n- Preclinical data rely heavily on familial ALS transgenic models (SOD1G93A), which represent a minority of ALS cases and may not generalize to sporadic ALS (~90% of cases).\n- Clinical FMT trials are limited by small sample sizes and short follow-up; no active trials primarily evaluate microbiota-derived signatures as diagnostic biomarkers.","practice_takeaway":"There is not yet enough evidence to recommend microbiome-targeted therapies (FMT, probiotics) as standard ALS treatment, but clinicians should be aware that gut dysbiosis and GI symptoms are common in ALS and may influence disease trajectory. Future trials should assess how ALS drugs like riluzole interact with the gut microbiome, as microbial metabolism may alter drug bioavailability."}},{"doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","pmid":"42302222","title":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Parkinson Disease","journal_title":"Neurology","journal_issn":"0028-3878","published_at":"2026-06-16T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","source_score":11,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-26T13:25:35.423Z","updated_at":"2026-06-26T13:25:35.423Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"category","value":"Clinical Neurology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"condition","value":"Parkinson Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"1","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=220","value_numeric":220},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"warning","value":"High heterogeneity is implied by the wide confidence intervals and mixed study designs, though specific I² values are not reported in the abstract.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"warning","value":"The meta-analysis pools RCTs and observational studies; the overall estimates are driven partly by non-randomized data and should be interpreted cautiously, as the authors themselves note.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000218175","tag_type":"warning","value":"The PROSPERO registration number appears to contain a typo in the abstract (CRD420251142846); verify against the full publication.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in adults with mild-to-moderate Parkinson disease (PD), pooling data from 5 RCTs and 3 observational studies (n=220) searched through September 2025. Primary outcome was motor function (UPDRS part III); secondary outcomes included UPDRS part II, quality of life (PDQ-39), constipation (Wexner score), and adverse events.","key_result":"FMT significantly improved motor function (UPDRS part III MD −9.67, 95% CI −16.81 to −2.53; RCT-only: MD −6.82, 95% CI −11.23 to −2.40) and constipation severity (Wexner MD −3.91, 95% CI −7.68 to −0.13). Improvements in daily living (UPDRS part II) and quality of life (PDQ-39) were seen at 12 weeks but not sustained at 24 weeks. Gastrointestinal adverse events were more frequent with FMT (RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.14–8.53), though mostly mild to moderate.","limitations":"- Very small total sample (n=220 across 8 studies) limits precision and generalizability.\n- Significant heterogeneity across studies and inclusion of observational data; pooled estimates should be interpreted with caution.\n- Short and variable follow-up; motor and QoL benefits were not sustained beyond 12–24 weeks.","practice_takeaway":"FMT may offer short-term motor and constipation relief in mild-to-moderate PD, but benefits appear transient and evidence remains preliminary. Clinicians should not adopt FMT as routine PD therapy until larger, well-powered RCTs confirm durability and safety."}},{"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","pmid":"42286837","title":"Recent advances and clinical relevance of microbiome dynamics in health and disease","journal_title":"Gut Microbes","journal_issn":"1949-0976","published_at":"2026-06-12T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","source_score":48,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-20T13:24:55.194Z","updated_at":"2026-06-20T13:24:55.194Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Alzheimer's Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Autism Spectrum Disorder","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiovascular Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Clostridioides difficile Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Colorectal Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Dysbiosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Multiple Sclerosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Parkinson's Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"condition","value":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"modality","value":"Engineered Live Biotherapeutic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"modality","value":"Postbiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"modality","value":"Prebiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"modality","value":"Probiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence assigned as 5 (narrative expert review); some subsections cite RCT data (e.g., Paramsothy UC FMT trial), but the overall article is not itself a systematic review or RCT.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"warning","value":"Many cited mechanisms are derived from animal (germ-free, gnotobiotic) or ex vivo models; clinical translatability should be interpreted cautiously.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size tag applied as this is a review article aggregating many studies rather than a single cohort.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2679197","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative review, not a systematic review or meta-analysis; study selection criteria are described but no formal PRISMA or risk-of-bias assessment was reported.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review synthesizes evidence on the human microbiome's roles in health and disease, covering immune development, dysbiosis-linked conditions (GI, metabolic, neurological, cardiovascular, autoimmune, oncological), microbiome–drug interactions, and therapeutic strategies including FMT, probiotics, prebiotics, and engineered microbes. Literature searched from 1983 to November 2025 across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and other databases.","key_result":"Dysbiosis is mechanistically linked to a broad disease spectrum: loss of butyrate-producing taxa (e.g., *Faecalibacterium prausnitzii*) drives IBD and CRC risk; TMAO elevation promotes atherosclerosis and heart failure; microbial β-glucuronidases reactivate irinotecan's toxic metabolite SN-38 causing chemotherapy-induced colitis; and FMT (including multidonor intensive protocols) induces clinical remission in UC and resolves recurrent *C. difficile* infection by restoring colonization resistance via secondary bile acids.","limitations":"As a narrative review, it relies on selected studies rather than a systematic meta-analysis, making it vulnerable to selection bias. Most mechanistic evidence cited comes from animal or ex vivo models, limiting direct clinical translation. Causality between dysbiosis and many diseases remains unestablished, with most human data being associative.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should consider gut microbiome status when prescribing drugs metabolized by bacterial enzymes (e.g., digoxin, irinotecan, L-dopa), as microbial variation can alter efficacy and toxicity. Protecting microbial diversity—by limiting unnecessary antibiotics and supporting high-fiber diets—is a practical, evidence-supported strategy across multiple disease areas."}},{"doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","pmid":"42227044","title":"The gut–brain axis in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases: a systematic review of microbiota-derived biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches","journal_title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology","journal_issn":"1380-3395","published_at":"2026-06-02T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","source_score":10,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-11T13:43:01.684Z","updated_at":"2026-06-11T13:43:01.684Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychology, Clinical","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"condition","value":"Alzheimer's Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"condition","value":"Mild Cognitive Impairment","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"condition","value":"Parkinson's Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"modality","value":"Dietary Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"modality","value":"Prebiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"modality","value":"Probiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"warning","value":"No total sample size (N) was reported in the abstract; individual study counts were not aggregated, so a sample_size tag was omitted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"warning","value":"The review spans both clinical and preclinical evidence without clearly separating effect sizes by study type, which may overstate translational confidence.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","tag_type":"warning","value":"TMAO findings were explicitly described as inconsistent across studies — its value as a biomarker is uncertain and should be interpreted cautiously.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A systematic review of clinical and preclinical studies (2010–2025) examining gut microbiota composition, microbial-derived metabolites (e.g., SCFAs, TMAO), and microbiome-targeted therapies (probiotics, prebiotics, dietary changes, FMT) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD).","key_result":"Lower fecal SCFA levels (butyrate, acetate) correlated with cognitive decline in AD, MCI, and PD; combined SCFA panels achieved AUCs of 0.75–0.87 for diagnosis. TMAO associations were inconsistent. Microbiome-targeted therapies (probiotics, FMT, dietary changes) showed cognitive and neuroinflammatory benefits across included studies.","limitations":"- Evidence base for neurodegenerative diseases beyond AD and PD remains sparse.\n- TMAO findings were inconsistent across studies, limiting its biomarker utility.\n- Inclusion of both clinical and preclinical studies limits direct translation to practice.","practice_takeaway":"SCFA panels from stool samples may serve as accessible, noninvasive early diagnostic markers for AD and PD — consider this emerging approach in research and high-risk screening contexts. Microbiome-targeted interventions (especially probiotics and FMT) show early promise for cognitive benefit but are not yet standard of care."}},{"doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","pmid":"42157525","title":"Stroke-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis accelerates Alzheimer’s disease progression","journal_title":"Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism","journal_issn":"0271-678X","published_at":"2026-05-19T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13190380/","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-27T15:43:14.863Z","updated_at":"2026-05-27T15:43:14.863Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"category","value":"Hematology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"condition","value":"Alzheimer's Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"condition","value":"Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"condition","value":"Ischemic Stroke","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"condition","value":"Post-Stroke Dementia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=83","value_numeric":83},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Preclinical Animal Study with Human Donor Cohort (FMT Model)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"warning","value":"Behavioral differences between stroke-FMT and healthy-FMT groups did not reach statistical significance; molecular findings are not yet mirrored by robust functional outcomes at the timepoint studied.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample sizes for some sub-analyses (e.g., spatial transcriptomics: n=3/group; human donors: n=5–6) are small, limiting generalizability.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"warning","value":"The healthy donor group was entirely female while the stroke donor group was mixed-sex (3M:2F), introducing a potential sex confound in microbiome comparisons.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1177/0271678x261449017","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study design is preclinical (mouse FMT model); causal claims about human stroke-to-AD progression require validation in clinical cohorts.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This study tested whether stroke-induced gut dysbiosis drives Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology by transplanting fecal microbiota from post-stroke patients (n=5) or healthy donors (n=6) into young, presymptomatic 3xTg-AD mice (~3 months old), then following them for ~2 months (to 6.5 months of age). Multi-omics readouts included 16S microbiome sequencing, GC/LC-MS metabolomics, immunohistochemistry (p-tau, GFAP, IBA1), single-cell spatial transcriptomics (CosMx), and behavioral testing.","key_result":"Stroke-FMT mice showed significantly higher hippocampal p-tau (8.7% vs 5.2%; effect size 3.60, p=0.001), hippocampal GFAP (13.6% vs 8.6%; effect size 5.07, p=0.006), and hippocampal IBA1 (0.77% vs 0.49%; p=0.015) compared to healthy-FMT mice, alongside broad metabolic disruption (redox, nucleotide, and energy pathways) and upregulation of AD-related transcripts (Apoe, Bace1, Trem2, Il1b) with downregulation of neuroprotective genes (Clu, Pten, Calm1/2). Behavioral deficits trended toward impairment in stroke-FMT mice but did not reach significance.","limitations":"- Healthy donor cohort was exclusively female (n=6), creating a sex mismatch with the mixed-sex stroke donor group and limiting cross-sex microbial comparisons.\n- No direct blood-brain barrier permeability assays were performed; vascular compromise was inferred from transcriptomics and microbial composition only.\n- Behavioral testing at ~6 months likely predates peak AD phenotype in 3xTg-AD mice; longer follow-up may be needed to detect significant cognitive deficits.","practice_takeaway":"Post-stroke gut dysbiosis may act as a causal accelerant of Alzheimer's-like pathology through the gut–brain axis, suggesting that microbiome-targeted interventions (prebiotics, probiotics, dietary fiber) after stroke could be a modifiable strategy to reduce dementia risk. Clinicians managing stroke survivors should be aware that gut health may be a meaningful, actionable contributor to long-term cognitive outcomes."}},{"doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","pmid":"42138670","title":"AGA Clinical Practice Update on Management of Clostridioides difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Expert Review","journal_title":"Gastroenterology","journal_issn":"0016-5085","published_at":"2026-05-15T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","source_score":17,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-28T13:27:13.788Z","updated_at":"2026-06-28T13:27:13.788Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"brand","value":"Dificid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"condition","value":"Clostridioides Difficile Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"condition","value":"Crohn's Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"condition","value":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"condition","value":"Ulcerative Colitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota, live-jslm","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"generic","value":"fidaxomicin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"generic","value":"loperamide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"generic","value":"metronidazole","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"generic","value":"vancomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"modality","value":"Antibiotic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biologic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"modality","value":"Immunomodulator","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"modality","value":"Microbiome-Based Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Expert Review / Clinical Practice Update","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group tagged as 'adult' based on clinical context; the review does not explicitly restrict or report pediatric applicability.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"warning","value":"No formal systematic review was conducted and no evidence quality ratings or recommendation strength grades are provided; these are expert-consensus Best Practice Advice statements only.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design labeled as 'Expert Review / Clinical Practice Update' — not a primary study; level of evidence set to 5 accordingly.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1053/j.gastro.2026.03.008","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper's DOI and publication date (May 2026) are future-dated relative to standard indexing; verify availability in primary databases before clinical referencing.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This AGA expert review evaluates diagnosis and management of *Clostridioides difficile* infection (CDI) in patients with IBD, covering antibiotic selection, immunosuppression decisions, hospitalization thresholds, and microbiome-based therapies for recurrent CDI.","key_result":"Twelve Best Practice Advice statements were generated, highlighting: fidaxomicin (preferred) or vancomycin for initial CDI treatment; continuation of immunosuppressives/biologics during CDI; microbiome-based therapies (FDA-approved or unapproved FMT) for ≥1 CDI recurrence; and avoidance of metronidazole and probiotics in IBD patients with CDI.","limitations":"No formal systematic review was performed and no formal evidence ratings or strength-of-recommendation grades were assigned, limiting the rigor compared to standard guideline methodology. Guidance is based on expert opinion alongside available literature.","practice_takeaway":"Use fidaxomicin (or vancomycin) — never metronidazole — for CDI in IBD patients, and do not stop immunosuppressive or biologic therapy during treatment. Offer microbiome-based therapy (fecal microbiota, live-jslm; fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk; or unapproved FMT) after at least one CDI recurrence to reduce future episodes."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jcf.2026.05.003","pmid":"42108153","title":"The gut microbiome: Recent findings and future opportunities in cystic fibrosis","journal_title":"Journal of Cystic Fibrosis","journal_issn":"1569-1993","published_at":"2026-05-11T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2026.05.003","source_score":3,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-05-10","doi":"10.1016/j.jcf.2026.05.003","days":"7","issn":"1569-1993","rank":"7","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"3","category":"Respiratory System","categories":["Respiratory System"],"_categories":["Respiratory System"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jcf.2026.05.003","title":"The gut microbiome: Recent findings and future opportunities in cystic fibrosis.","journal":"Journal of cystic fibrosis : official journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"$30","keywords":["CFTR modulators","Cystic fibrosis","Gut microbiome","Gut microbiota","Microbiome ecology"],"pubmed_id":"42108153","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-05-11T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.jcf.2026.05.003","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2026.05.003","ISSN":["1569-1993"],"link":[{"URL":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1569199326001098?httpAccept=text/xml","content-type":"text/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1569199326001098?httpAccept=text/plain","content-type":"text/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["The gut microbiome: Recent findings and future opportunities in cystic fibrosis"],"author":[{"given":"Ryan","family":"Marsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"James M","family":"Tricker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Delhaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jennifer M","family":"Bomberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"van der Gast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"member":"78","prefix":"10.1016","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2026-05-09T20:04:29Z","timestamp":1778357069000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2026-05-09T20:10:01Z","timestamp":1778357401093,"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/","start":{"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"https://www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license","start":{"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","start":{"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"delay-in-days":5,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":null,"language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1569199326001098"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by","value":"Elsevier"},{"name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title","value":"The gut microbiome: Recent findings and future opportunities in cystic fibrosis"},{"name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title","value":"Journal of Cystic Fibrosis"},{"name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version","value":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2026.05.003"},{"name":"content_type","label":"Content Type","value":"article"},{"name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","value":"© 2026 The Author(s). 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Probiotics showed uncertain benefit in meta-analysis, and first/second-generation modulators had little consistent impact on gut microbiome outcomes.","what_studied":"A short review of recent research on the cystic fibrosis gut microbiome, drawing on advances from broader gut microbiome science to inform GI pathophysiology and comorbidities in CF.","limitations":"Short narrative review with a stated paucity of CF-specific data; many suggestions are extrapolated from non-CF microbiome research.","practice_takeaway":"Evidence for microbiome-targeted endpoints and therapies in CF remains limited; use caution applying approaches from other conditions and monitor for emerging CF-specific data."}},{"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","pmid":"41969207","title":"Underlying MASLD-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation are key to poor outcomes in vibriosis infections in a preclinical model","journal_title":"Gut Microbes","journal_issn":"1949-0976","published_at":"2026-04-13T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","source_score":57,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-08T13:23:51.423Z","updated_at":"2026-05-08T13:23:51.423Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hepatic Fibrosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"condition","value":"Intestinal Dysbiosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"condition","value":"Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"condition","value":"Non-Cholera Vibriosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"generic","value":"ampicillin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"generic","value":"metronidazole","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"generic","value":"neomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"generic","value":"vancomycin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"modality","value":"Antibiotic Cocktail Therapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=not explicitly totaled (multiple cohorts of C57BL/6J mice, 3/cage, across ≥6 groups)","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"sex","value":"male","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Preclinical Animal Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is preclinical (murine); direct clinical translation requires caution.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study uses only male mice; findings may not generalize to female patients with MASLD.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"warning","value":"The link between increased ARGs (msr(D), mefA) and antibiotic treatment failure is explicitly described as speculative by the authors.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"warning","value":"The NAS and fibrosis scoring systems used are validated for humans; authors themselves note these may not fully reflect murine histopathology.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652474","tag_type":"warning","value":"Total sample size (exact N per group) is not explicitly stated in the abstract or methods; only cage density (3 mice/cage) and group structure are described — sample_size tag could not be assigned a reliable numeric value.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This preclinical study used a diet-induced MASLD mouse model (choline-deficient high-fat diet for 20 weeks) to investigate how gut microbiome dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction affect susceptibility to oral *Vibrio vulnificus* (VV) infection (108 CFU, 24-hour exposure), compared to lean chow-fed controls. Antibiotic depletion followed by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to isolate the gut microbiome's role.","key_result":"MASLD mice infected with VV developed significantly worse liver injury than lean VV-infected mice, including higher serum ALT, AST, hepcidin, and ferritin, bridging fibrosis with cirrhotic lesions (fibrosis score 3–4 vs. none in lean+VV), greater M1 macrophage infiltration (CD45+F4/80+CD11b+CD86+), and elevated IL-1β and TGF-β1. FMT from healthy donors into antibiotic-depleted MASLD mice significantly reduced these markers (ALT, AST, CRP, hepcidin, ferritin all p<0.01–0.001), decreased collagen deposition, and lowered fibrosis grade, confirming the gut microbiome as a key driver.","limitations":"- Only acute outcomes (24-hour post-infection) were studied; long-term immune and fibrotic consequences are unknown.\n- Study used only male C57BL/6J mice; histological scoring systems (NAS, fibrosis stage) are validated for humans, not rodents, so subtle pathological differences may be missed.\n- FMT improvements cannot be fully disentangled from concurrent restoration of barrier function and reduction of pre-existing inflammation; a 'reverse FMT' (MASLD stool into healthy mice) was not performed.","practice_takeaway":"Patients with MASLD face substantially higher risk of severe *Vibrio vulnificus* infection, likely driven by gut dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction — clinicians should counsel MASLD patients to avoid raw shellfish. Gut microbiome-targeted therapies such as FMT show preclinical promise in reducing infection-related liver injury in this population."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","pmid":"41950979","title":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Rapidly Reduces Systemic Inflammation and Resolves Clostridioides difficile Pseudomembranous Colitis","journal_title":"Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology","journal_issn":"1542-3565","published_at":"2026-04-06T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","source_score":87,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-07T22:49:46.903Z","updated_at":"2026-05-07T22:49:46.903Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"condition","value":"Clostridioides difficile Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"condition","value":"Pseudomembranous Colitis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"generic","value":"fecal microbiota transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"warning","value":"Publication date is April 2026; today is May 2026 — this is a very recent publication and full peer-reviewed content was not available for extraction.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.cgh.2026.03.023","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper metadata provided contains only the title, DOI, journal, and publication date — no abstract, methods, results, or full text were supplied. All summary fields requiring specific data (key result, limitations, practice takeaway, sample size, study design, population details) cannot be populated without speculation. Only the condition and intervention could be inferred from the title.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"The study evaluated fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a treatment for *Clostridioides difficile* pseudomembranous colitis, examining its effect on systemic inflammation and clinical resolution."}},{"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076","pmid":"41454672","title":"The role of gut microbiome in aging-associated diseases: where do we stand now and how technology will transform the future","journal_title":"Gut Microbes","journal_issn":"1949-0976","published_at":"2025-12-27T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076","source_score":12,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-12-30","doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076","days":"14","issn":"1949-0976","rank":"8","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"12","category":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","categories":["Gastroenterology & Hepatology"],"_categories":["Gastroenterology & Hepatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076","title":"The role of gut microbiome in aging-associated diseases: where do we stand now and how technology will transform the future.","journal":"Gut microbes","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"The gut microbiome has emerged as a critical regulator of human aging and healthspan, with age-related dysbiosis increasingly implicated in a broad spectrum of aging-associated diseases. This review synthesizes evidence linking gut microbial alterations to infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, psychiatric, cancer, metabolic, kidney, cardiovascular, bone, and muscular diseases, highlighting shared mechanisms such as chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and metabolite imbalance. We further explore how enabling technologies, including functional multi-omics, synthetic biology, artificial intelligence-driven analytics, biobanking, and autologous fecal microbiota transplantation, are revolutionizing microbiome research and the design of interventions. Ethical considerations surrounding microbiome-based therapies are also addressed. To translate these scientific insights into clinical innovations, we formulate the PRIME framework: a five-phase roadmap encompassing ","keywords":["Aging","aging-associated diseases","gut microbes","healthy aging","microbiome","microbiota"],"pubmed_id":"41454672","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-12-27T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076","ISSN":["1949-0976","1949-0984"],"link":[{"URL":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19490976.2025.2607076","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":"1","score":1,"title":["The role of gut microbiome in aging-associated diseases: where do we stand now and how technology will transform the future"],"author":[{"given":"Marwh G.","family":"Aldriwesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center"},{"name":"Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs"}]},{"given":"Raniah S.","family":"Alotibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences"},{"name":"Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center"}]},{"given":"Nasser","family":"Alqurainy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center"},{"name":"Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs"},{"name":"Department of Basic Science, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences"}]},{"given":"Shatha","family":"Alrabiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences"}]},{"given":"Assad M.","family":"Arafah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs"},{"name":"College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences"}]},{"given":"Majed F.","family":"Alghoribi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center"},{"name":"Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs"},{"name":"Department of Basic Science, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences"}]},{"given":"Reham","family":"Ajina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences"},{"name":"Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center"}]}],"funder":[{"id":[{"id":"10.13039/100032645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}],"DOI":"10.13039/100032645","name":"Hevolution Foundation","award":["HF-KSA 005 (NRC23R-467-08)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HF-KSA 005 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full trial methods and primary endpoints are not detailed in the excerpt.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Exploratory analysis of a trial cohort assessed whether baseline gut microbiota community type (Bacteroides‑dominated vs Prevotella‑driven) and donor strain engraftment were associated with long‑term response to a single‑donor fecal microbiota transplantation in psoriatic arthritis, with stool samples at baseline, weeks 4, 12, and 26 using shotgun metagenomics.","key_result":"In the per‑protocol population, 5 of 7 Bacteroides‑type patients versus 0 of 6 Prevotella‑type patients achieved a long‑term clinical beneficial response at week 26 (P=0.021); strain richness rose from baseline to weeks 4 and 26 in B‑type (P=0.016) but not P‑type patients, and 18 engrafted strains persisted only in B‑type by week 26, including a Bacteroides clarus strain linked to lower arthritis pain and patient global assessment.","limitations":"Small per‑protocol sample (n=13) from a larger cohort and exploratory design; only single‑donor FMTs from four donors were studied; outcomes and analyses hinge on subgrouping by baseline microbiota type.","practice_takeaway":"Baseline Bacteroides‑dominated gut communities were associated with higher odds of long‑term benefit after one FMT in psoriatic arthritis, while Prevotella‑type patients did not respond; consider microbiota community type for stratification in future FMT studies, recognizing the exploratory, small‑N nature."}}],"initialOffset":18,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"modality","value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Modalities","href":"/hub/tag/modality"},{"name":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"modality","hub_tag_value":"Fecal Microbiota Transplantation"}}}]]

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