2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T4a6,Bariatric surgeries, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), improve obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Both surgeries affect the gut microbiota, but their contribution to T2D remission remains unclear. In this subanalysis (RYGB, n = 39; SG, n = 38) of the randomized controlled Oseberg trial ( NCT01778738 ), in which participants underwent either RYGB or SG surgery, we profiled the faecal microbiome of individuals with obesity and T2D before and 12 months after surgery. We show that both surgeries altered the microbiome in the same direction, but with larger changes after RYGB. The SG-associated altered microbiome composition correlated positively with circulating glucagon-like peptide 1 levels, beta-cell function and 5 year T2D remission. Remission was also linked to increased gene richness and metabolic potential for fermentation, methanogenesis and butyrate production. Notably, these associations persisted after accounting for the extent of weight loss. Our findings indicate that surgery-specific microbial adaptations influence metabolic improvements and may help to explain heterogeneity in T2D remission after bariatric surgery.31:T65b,Abstract Bariatric surgeries, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), improve obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Both surgeries affect the gut microbiota, but their contribution to T2D remission remains unclear. In this subanalysis (RYGB, n = 39; SG, n = 38) of the randomized controlled Oseberg trial ( NCT01778738 ), in which participants underwent either RYGB or SG surgery, we profiled the faecal microbiome of individuals with obesity and T2D before and 12 months after surgery. We show that both surgeries altered the microbiome in the same direction, but with larger changes after RYGB. The SG-associated altered microbiome composition correlated positively with circulating glucagon-like peptide 1 levels, beta-cell function and 5 year T2D remission. Remission was also linked to increased gene richness and metabolic potential for fermentation, methanogenesis and butyrate production. Notably, these associations persisted after accounting for the extent of weight loss. Our findings indicate that surgery-specific microbial adaptations influence metabolic improvements and may help to explain heterogeneity in T2D remission after bariatric surgery. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Gut Microbiome Profiling: modality Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Gut Microbiome Profiling (modality). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Wide confidence intervals (e.g., AUC 95% CI 0.544–0.934 for F/B ratio) reflect this uncertainty.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This prospective cohort study profiled gut microbiota (full-length 16S rRNA, PacBio) in 39 azoospermic men (OA n=14, NOA n=25) and evaluated whether microbial signatures were associated with successful sperm retrieval after microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE).","key_result":"NOA patients had reduced Bacteroidota (23.5% vs 28.5%, p<0.001) and elevated Proteobacteria (9.7% vs 3.8%, p<0.001) vs OA. Within NOA, successful retrieval (52%, 13/25) was linked to a higher Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio (AUC 0.76; 76.9% sensitivity, 75.0% specificity at cutoff ≥2.20) and enrichment of *Finegoldia magna* (AUC 0.756; 100% specificity at abundance ≥8.7%, though sensitivity was only 46.2%).","limitations":"- Small sample (n=39 total; n=25 NOA) limits statistical power and generalizability.\n- Single timepoint 16S rRNA sequencing cannot assess functional capacity (no metagenomics or metabolomics) or temporal stability of microbiota.\n- Single Taiwanese tertiary center cohort; ROC cutoffs are hypothesis-generating only, with no external validation.","practice_takeaway":"Gut microbiota profiling is not ready for clinical use in NOA counseling, but these exploratory findings suggest the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio and *Finegoldia magna* abundance warrant further study as non-invasive correlates of mTESE success. Clinicians should await validation in larger, multicenter cohorts before applying any microbiota-based thresholds."}},{"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","pmid":"42615987","title":"Gut microbiome signatures during acute infection are associated with long COVID","journal_title":"Gut Microbes","journal_issn":"1949-0976","published_at":"2026-08-19T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","source_score":14,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":null,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":false},"created_at":"2026-08-21T06:28:15.838Z","updated_at":"2026-08-21T06:28:15.838Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"condition","value":"COVID-19","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"condition","value":"Long COVID","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"modality","value":"Gut Microbiome Profiling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=799","value_numeric":799},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Longitudinal Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group not explicitly reported in the abstract; 'adult' inferred from outpatient community cohort context.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"warning","value":"Machine learning model performance metrics (e.g., AUC, accuracy) are not reported in the abstract; the summary reflects qualitative characterization only.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2718581","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sex breakdown of participants was not specified in the abstract.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This longitudinal cohort study examined whether gut microbiome composition during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (0–1 month) could predict subsequent Long COVID (LC) in 380 COVID-positive and 419 COVID-negative outpatients, using metagenomic sequencing at two time points and machine learning (L1-regularized logistic regression).","key_result":"LC patients had a distinct gut microbiome during acute infection vs. full recoverers and uninfected controls, but temporal microbiome changes across phases were similar in all three groups. A machine learning model showed modest predictive signal for LC (performance insufficient for clinical use). Four LC symptom clusters were identified; GI and fatigue-only clusters were most strongly linked to gut microbiome alterations.","limitations":"- Model performance was insufficient for clinical prediction, likely due to LC's heterogeneous nature.\n- Cohort limited to outpatients, reducing generalizability to hospitalized or severe COVID populations.\n- Post-acute sampling window (1–2 months) may miss longer-term microbiome trajectories relevant to LC.","practice_takeaway":"Gut microbiome profiling during acute COVID-19 is not yet ready for clinical use in predicting Long COVID, but GI and fatigue-predominant LC subtypes show the strongest microbiome links and may be priority targets for future microbiome-based interventions."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","pmid":"42595281","title":"The association of gut microbiome composition with musculoskeletal features in middle-aged and older adults: A two-cohort joint study","journal_title":"Bone","journal_issn":"8756-3282","published_at":"2026-08-13T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","source_score":11,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-19T06:28:41.319Z","updated_at":"2026-08-19T06:28:41.319Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"category","value":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"condition","value":"Musculoskeletal Aging","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"condition","value":"Osteoporosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"condition","value":"Sarcopenia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"modality","value":"Gut Microbiome Profiling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=2476","value_numeric":2476},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Cross-Sectional Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"warning","value":"Functional pathway data (biotin biosynthesis II) is computationally predicted via PICRUSt2, not directly measured — treat with caution.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"warning","value":"No full text was available; summary is based on abstract, results, and conclusions sections only.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.bone.2026.118051","tag_type":"warning","value":"The combined sample size of 2,476 is derived by adding both cohorts (1,249 + 1,227); the paper describes a joint analysis, so some analyses may report cohort-specific or sex-stratified subgroup Ns that are smaller.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This two-cohort study (Rotterdam Study, n=1,249, mean age 62.7y; Framingham Heart Study, n=1,227, mean age 55.2y) examined associations between gut microbiome composition (16S rRNA sequencing + PICRUSt2 functional prediction) and DXA-derived musculoskeletal phenotypes — appendicular lean mass (ALM), femoral neck BMD, and trabecular bone score (TBS) — in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.","key_result":"Alpha diversity showed no association with any musculoskeletal phenotype after multiple testing correction; beta diversity was associated with ALM in combined and female analyses. Four genera linked to higher ALM: lower *Oscillibacter* (β=−0.51), *Anaerotruncus* (β=−0.41), *Eisenbergiella* (β=−0.39), and higher *Agathobacter* (β=0.40). In females specifically, lower *Anaerotruncus*, *Hungatella*, and *Clostridiales* DTU089, plus higher biotin biosynthesis II pathway activity, were associated with higher ALM. No robust associations were found for bone traits (FN-BMD or TBS).","limitations":"- Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference between microbiome composition and muscle mass.\n- 16S rRNA sequencing provides genus-level resolution only; functional pathways are predicted (PICRUSt2), not directly measured.\n- Findings need replication in larger cohorts before mechanisms can be clarified.","practice_takeaway":"No actionable clinical changes are warranted yet — gut microbiome profiling is not ready for routine musculoskeletal risk assessment. These hypothesis-generating findings may guide future research into microbiome-targeted strategies for muscle mass preservation in older adults, particularly in women."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s42255-026-01525-9","pmid":"42098417","title":"Gut microbiota responses to bariatric surgery are associated with metabolic outcomes and type 2 diabetes remission","journal_title":"Nature Metabolism","journal_issn":"2522-5812","published_at":"2026-05-08T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-026-01525-9","source_score":91,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-05-11","doi":"10.1038/s42255-026-01525-9","days":"7","issn":"2522-5812","rank":"3","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"91","category":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","categories":["Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"_categories":["Endocrinology & Metabolism"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1038/s42255-026-01525-9","title":"Gut microbiota responses to bariatric surgery are associated with metabolic outcomes and type 2 diabetes remission.","journal":"Nature metabolism","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"$30","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"42098417","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-05-08T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1038/s42255-026-01525-9","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-026-01525-9","ISSN":["2522-5812"],"link":[{"URL":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-026-01525-9.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-026-01525-9","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-026-01525-9.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Gut microbiota responses to bariatric surgery are associated with metabolic outcomes and type 2 diabetes remission"],"author":[{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Olsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Borgeraas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rima M.","family":"Chakaroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dag","family":"Hofsø","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jens Kristoffer","family":"Hertel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chinmay","family":"Dwibedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Mitteregger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jens Juul","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Tremaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jøran","family":"Hjelmesæth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Bäckhed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"member":"297","prefix":"10.1038","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2026-05-07T09:03:36Z","timestamp":1778144616000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2026-05-07T09:19:54Z","timestamp":1778145594095,"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":"$31","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-026-01525-9"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Received","order":1,"value":"10 December 2025"},{"name":"accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Accepted","order":2,"value":"31 March 2026"},{"name":"first_online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"First Online","order":3,"value":"7 May 2026"},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"},"order":1,"value":"F.B. is co-founder and shareholder of Roxbiosens and Implexion Pharma and receives research funding from Biogaia and Novo Nordisk. L.M.O. and V.T. are co-founders and shareholders of Roxbiosens. The other authors declare no competing interests."}],"deposited":{"date-time":"2026-05-07T09:03:42Z","timestamp":1778144622000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2522-5812"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","reference":[{"DOI":"10.1056/NEJMoa2002449","key":"1525_CR1","year":"2020","issue":null,"author":"LMS Carlsson","volume":"383","first-page":"1535","unstructured":"Carlsson, L. M. S. et al. Life expectancy after bariatric surgery in the Swedish obese subjects study. N. Engl. J. Med. 383, 1535–1543 (2020).","article-title":null,"journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":null,"key":"1525_CR2","year":"2014","issue":null,"author":"JL Colquitt","volume":"2014","first-page":"CD003641","unstructured":"Colquitt, J. L., Pickett, K., Loveman, E. & Frampton, G. K. Surgery for weight loss in adults. 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Summary is based on the abstract and study design fields only; specific effect sizes, p-values, and detailed microbiome taxa are not extractable from the provided text.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This subanalysis of the randomized controlled Oseberg trial (NCT01778738) profiled fecal microbiomes in 77 adults with obesity and T2D before and 12 months after either Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB, n=39) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG, n=38), examining how gut microbiota changes relate to metabolic outcomes and T2D remission.","key_result":"Both RYGB and SG shifted the microbiome in the same direction, but RYGB produced larger changes. SG-associated microbiome composition correlated positively with circulating GLP-1 levels, beta-cell function, and 5-year T2D remission. Remission was linked to increased gut gene richness and greater metabolic potential for fermentation, methanogenesis, and butyrate production — associations that held after adjusting for degree of weight loss.","limitations":"- This is a subanalysis of a larger RCT, with 32 of 109 participants excluded due to missing fecal samples, risking selection bias.\n- No a priori power calculation was performed; the study was exploratory.\n- No sex-based analyses were conducted due to limited sample size, and the cohort was predominantly White.","practice_takeaway":"Surgery-specific gut microbiome changes — particularly increased gene richness and butyrate-producing capacity — are associated with T2D remission independent of weight loss, suggesting the microbiome may be a clinically meaningful target for predicting or enhancing bariatric outcomes. Clinicians should recognize that metabolic benefits of bariatric surgery, especially SG, may partly depend on microbial adaptations beyond weight reduction alone."}}],"initialOffset":4,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"modality","value":"Gut Microbiome Profiling"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Modalities","href":"/hub/tag/modality"},{"name":"Gut Microbiome Profiling"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"modality","hub_tag_value":"Gut Microbiome Profiling"}}}]]

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