2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T9a4,We previously identified six clusters of people at different risks of type 2 diabetes and/or comorbidities, of which cluster 3 (β-cell deficient) and 5 (older age, higher BMI, severe insulin resistance) had a high risk of progression to diabetes. We have now investigated whether cluster 3 and 5 individuals differed from those of the other clusters in changes in insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and the development of type 2 diabetes during a long-term reduction of body weight. A total of 190 participants completed a 24-month lifestyle intervention in the Tübingen Lifestyle Intervention Program (TULIP) and were followed up for 8.7 ± 1.6 years. Sixty participants had a weight loss ≥3% (mean reduction of 8%) at the long-term follow-up. Of them, cluster 5 participants (n = 17) had a larger increase of adjusted fasting glycemia compared with the cluster group 1,2,4,6 (n = 33) and cluster 3 (n = 10) and a larger increase of adjusted 2-h glucose levels compared with cluster 3 (all P < 0.05). In cluster 5, a larger decrease of adjusted insulin secretion compared with cluster 3 (P = 0.01) and cluster group 1,2,4,6 (P = 0.05) was observed. Forty-one percent of cluster 5 participants (0% in cluster group 1,2,4,6 and 10% in cluster 3) developed type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, despite a sustained and large amount of weight loss, diabetes risk cluster 5 participants had deterioration of glycemia and insulin secretion and a high risk of type 2 diabetes. If this result can be replicated in a prospective study, people of this cluster would need targeted prevention strategies. Article Highlights There may be heterogeneity in the response to a lifestyle intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes. This study investigated whether participants of Tübingen Lifestyle Intervention Program (TULIP) type 2 diabetes risk clusters 3 and 5, who have a very high risk of diabetes, benefit from long-term weight loss following a 2-year lifestyle intervention. Diabetes risk cluster 5 participants had an impaired response regarding improvement of glycemia and insulin secretion and a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, despite a long-term (9-year) mean weight loss of 8%. Alternative or intensified interventions should be considered for people in Tübingen type 2 diabetes risk cluster 5. 31:T815,The effects of small, realistic changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour on population-level mortality are unclear. We aimed to estimate the proportion of deaths preventable by 5-min and 10-min incremental increases in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and 30-min and 60-min reductions in daily sedentary time. We did an individual participant data meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. We included studies with device-measured physical activity and sedentary time. We estimated the proportion of deaths prevented (potential impact fractions; PIFs) by changes in (1) the approximately 20% least active participants (high-risk approach) and (2) all participants except the approximately 20% most active (population-based approach). We calculated PIFs from adjusted hazard ratios estimated for 5-min and 10-min increases in MVPA and 30-min and 60-min reductions in sedentary time from observed levels across the activity distribution. We included seven cohorts from Norway, Sweden, and the USA (n=40 327; 4895 deaths). Data from the UK Biobank (n=94 719; 3487 deaths) were analysed separately. A 5-min/day increase in MVPA in the least active participants might prevent 6·0% (95% CI 4·3-7·4) of all deaths. A similar increase in MVPA in all participants except the most active might prevent 10·0% (6·3-13·4) of all deaths. Reducing sedentary time by 30 min/day might prevent 3·0% (2·0-4·1) of all deaths in the high-risk approach and 7·3% (4·8-9·6) in the population-based approach. Results from the UK Biobank were of a smaller magnitude but still substantial-eg, reducing sedentary time by 30 min/day in all except the most active participants was associated with preventing 4·5% (2·8-6·1) of total deaths. Small and realistic increases in MVPA of 5 min/day might prevent up to 6% of all deaths in a high-risk approach and 10% of all deaths in population-based approach. Reducing sedentary time by 30 min/day might prevent a smaller, but still meaningful, proportion of deaths in the two risk scenarios. None.32:T556,Human white adipose tissue undergoes major remodelling during sustained weight gain that may compromise tissue function and drive cardiometabolic comorbidities. Although weight loss reverses many of these complications, the cellular and molecular adaptations of adipose tissue to different weight loss interventions are poorly understood. Here we show how abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in men and women with severe obesity adapts to modest lifestyle-induced (8-10%) weight loss followed by substantial bariatric surgery-induced (20-45%) weight loss, using single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) combined with bulk RNA-seq, and three-dimensional light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. To enable interactive exploration, all snRNA-seq data are available in a browsable format on the Single Cell Portal ( SCP2849 ). Lifestyle-induced weight loss activated proadipogenic gene programmes in progenitor cells, indicating early beneficial effects on SAT. Subsequent surgery-induced weight loss drove profound compositional and transcriptional remodelling of SAT, including increased vascularization and marked reduction of myeloid cell populations. Collectively, our study indicates that following major and sustained weight loss, SAT from individuals with severe obesity has the capacity to return to a state comparable to that observed in lean individuals.33:T45c,This analysis evaluated the potential cost-effectiveness of the Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for the prevention of dementia (J-MINT), targeting older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from a societal perspective. Using a time-dependent cohort state-transition model, we estimated the long-term economic impact of J-MINT. Costs included medical, long-term, and informal care. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated based on simulated costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). The base-case analysis indicated that the J-MINT was dominant, demonstrating cost saving and more effective compared to usual care. Over 35 years, J-MINT was projected to achieve cost savings of JPY 452,826 per person and a gain of 0.08 QALYs. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Scenario analysis suggested that targeting APOE ε4 carriers or individuals with high adherence to exercise yielded even greater benefits. J-MINT demonstrates cost-effectiveness by reducing overall care costs while improving QALYs in individuals with MCI.34:T5cf,Psoriasis affects at least 60 million people worldwide, and 80% also live with overweight or obesity. Excess weight increases susceptibility to psoriasis and is associated with more severe disease. To evaluate the impact of weight-loss interventions on psoriasis severity (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index [PASI], PASI50, PASI75, PASI100 [50%/75%/100% reduction in baseline PASI, respectively]) and quality of life (Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI]). We systematically searched five databases and two trial registries (inception to 03/09/2025). Outcomes were informed by patient focus-group discussions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with psoriasis, comparing any weight-loss intervention versus usual care or a lower-intensity weight-loss intervention, were included. Studies had to report a change in weight and ≥1 psoriasis severity or quality-of-life measure. Random effects meta-analyses were used. Thirteen RCTs (1145 participants) with 14 comparisons were included. Eleven interventions advised dietary changes, of which four included physical activity. Three used weight-loss medications. Across 14 comparisons (n = 1145, mean difference (MD) in weight change: -6.7 kg), weight-loss interventions produced a greater reduction in PASI versus control: MD -2.5 (95%CI: -3.8 to -1.1, I High-certainty evidence suggests weight-loss interventions can improve psoriasis severity and quality of life, and should be considered as part of routine treatment.35:T104a,Abstract Background Psoriasis affects at least 60 million people worldwide, and 80% also live with overweight or obesity. Excess weight increases susceptibility to psoriasis and is associated with more severe disease. Objective To evaluate the impact of weight‐loss interventions on psoriasis severity (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index [PASI], PASI50, PASI75, PASI100 [50%/75%/100% reduction in baseline PASI, respectively]) and quality of life (Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI]). Methods We systematically searched five databases and two trial registries (inception to 03/09/2025). Outcomes were informed by patient focus‐group discussions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with psoriasis, comparing any weight‐loss intervention versus usual care or a lower‐intensity weight‐loss intervention, were included. Studies had to report a change in weight and ≥1 psoriasis severity or quality‐of‐life measure. Random effects meta‐analyses were used. Results Thirteen RCTs (1145 participants) with 14 comparisons were included. Eleven interventions advised dietary changes, of which four included physical activity. Three used weight‐loss medications. Across 14 comparisons ( n = 1145, mean difference (MD) in weight change: −6.7 kg), weight‐loss interventions produced a greater reduction in PASI versus control: MD −2.5 (95%CI: −3.8 to −1.1, I 2 = 85.2%). We found a significant effect of weight‐loss interventions on the likelihood of achieving PASI75 (RR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1–2.2, I 2 = 22.6% [based on six comparisons, n = 681, MD in weight change: −7.3 kg]). There was no statistically significant effect of the interventions on the likelihood of achieving PASI50 (RR = 1.5, 95%CI: 0.9–2.4, I 2 = 72.8% [based on four comparisons, n = 509, MD in weight change: −4.0 kg]) or PASI100 (RR = 1.6, 95%CI: 0.3–9.7, I 2 = 0.0% [based on two comparisons, n = 334, MD in weight change: −5.2 kg]), but both analyses were limited by few studies. Across seven comparisons ( n = 364; MD in weight change −7.8 kg), weight‐loss interventions were associated with a significant improvement in DLQI compared to control: MD −5.0 (95%CI: −9.7 to −0.3, I 2 = 96.0%). Conclusion High‐certainty evidence suggests weight‐loss interventions can improve psoriasis severity and quality of life, and should be considered as part of routine treatment. 36:T40c,Abstract Obesity can cause the progression of kidney disease through hemodynamic, structural, and metabolic changes, and predispose individuals to arterio-nephrosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy (ORG) is defined as clinical obesity and biopsy-proven glomerulomegaly with or without the existence of FSGS. However, pathologic changes of ORG are not pathognomonic or specific. Glomerular hypertrophy, maladaptive segmental glomerulosclerosis, as well as in some cases diabetic-like changes may be seen secondary to any cause of acquired or congenital reduced nephron mass with compensatory hypertrophy as well as glomerular hypoxia. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms causing ORG and explore current diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies, emphasizing the role of weight management and emerging targeted therapies.25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Lifestyle Intervention: modality Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Lifestyle Intervention (modality). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Among those with high polygenic risk, moderate or high CVH still reduced MCI risk (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62–0.98), though the CVH–MCI/dementia association appeared attenuated at highest genetic risk.","limitations":"- Genetic risk was based on PRS and APOE ε4, which may not fully capture all heritable risk.\n- MCI and dementia outcomes relied on clinical/registry records, which may undercount milder cases.\n- Residual confounding is possible given observational design across two cohorts.","practice_takeaway":"Encourage patients with diabetes to optimize cardiovascular health targets (diet, activity, sleep, BMI, lipids, glucose, blood pressure, and nicotine avoidance) — even those with high genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease may see meaningful MCI risk reduction. CVH improvement appears less effective against progression to full dementia, so earlier intervention at the MCI stage matters most."}},{"doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","pmid":"42565788","title":"A peripheral perspective on brain health: vascular and skeletal muscle contributions","journal_title":"American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology","journal_issn":"0363-6135","published_at":"2026-08-07T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","source_score":18,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-13T13:23:12.630Z","updated_at":"2026-08-13T13:23:12.630Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"category","value":"Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"condition","value":"Alzheimer's Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"condition","value":"Arterial Stiffness","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiovascular Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cognitive Impairment","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"condition","value":"Dementia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"modality","value":"Resistance Training","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2026","tag_type":"warning","value":"This is a narrative review published just days ago (August 7, 2026); it has not yet accumulated citations and its clinical trial synthesis has not been peer-replicated. The DOI suffix references '2026' in an unusual format — confirm journal provenance before citing. No sample size applies as this is a review article.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This review synthesizes evidence on how skeletal muscle and peripheral vasculature communicate with the brain — a proposed 'muscle-vascular-brain axis' — and how dysfunction in these systems contributes to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).","key_result":"Skeletal muscle influences brain health via myokine release, motor neuron activity, and metabolic signaling, which modulate neuroplasticity, mitochondrial function, and inflammation; peripheral vascular properties (e.g., arterial stiffness, reactive hyperemia) independently affect cerebral perfusion and blood-brain barrier permeability, collectively raising or lowering ADRD risk.","limitations":"As a narrative review, it does not perform systematic search or meta-analysis, limiting quantitative conclusions. Causal directionality within the muscle-vascular-brain axis remains incompletely established. Reviewed clinical trials are heterogeneous in design and population.","practice_takeaway":"Resistance training and other lifestyle interventions that target skeletal muscle and vascular function may help preserve cognitive health across the lifespan. Clinicians managing patients with cardiovascular or metabolic disease should consider cognitive risk as part of a whole-system picture."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","pmid":"42502137","title":"Non-pharmacological treatment of MASLD","journal_title":"Diabetologia","journal_issn":"0012-186X","published_at":"2026-07-25T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","source_score":10,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-31T13:36:50.864Z","updated_at":"2026-07-31T13:36:50.864Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"category","value":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hepatic Steatosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"condition","value":"Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"condition","value":"Type 2 Diabetes","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"modality","value":"Aerobic Exercise","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"modality","value":"Dietary Modification","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"modality","value":"High-Intensity Interval Training","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"modality","value":"Resistance Training","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review / Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"warning","value":"Many cited meta-analyses used older NAFLD/NASH nomenclature rather than MASLD, which may reflect heterogeneous patient populations.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size cannot be determined from the provided content; tag omitted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design classification is ambiguous: the abstract describes a narrative review, but the supplementary material summarises findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses; tagged as Systematic Review / Narrative Review accordingly.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s00125-026-06811-5","tag_type":"warning","value":"The full text provided is only the supplementary table (ESM Table 1) with its references, not the complete review article body — key result data are drawn from cited meta-analyses, not primary study data collected by the authors.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This review examines the evidence for non-pharmacological (lifestyle) interventions in MASLD, covering dietary modification, physical activity/exercise, sleep, and circadian rhythm changes, with a focus on weight loss strategies and their effects on hepatic and cardiometabolic outcomes.","key_result":"Combined diet and exercise yields the largest improvements: ALT reduction (MD −13.27), HOMA-IR reduction (MD −2.07), and ~50% intrahepatic lipid (IHL) reduction vs ~30% with exercise alone. Aerobic exercise alone reduced IHL (SMD −0.98). Exercise shows a dose-dependent reduction in risk of hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.","limitations":"- Long-term adherence to lifestyle changes is suboptimal, limiting durability of benefits.\n- Significant individual variability in treatment response; validated biomarkers for personalised approaches are lacking.\n- Evidence is largely based on prior systematic reviews and meta-analyses of heterogeneous trials (many using older NAFLD nomenclature), which may affect precision of effect estimates.","practice_takeaway":"Combine energy-restricted diet with regular exercise for the greatest liver and metabolic benefit in MASLD — even modest weight loss helps. Exercise reduces liver fat partly independent of weight loss, so it should be prescribed regardless of scale results."}},{"doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","pmid":"42466580","title":"Sun Exposure and Myopia in Adult Australian Participants of the 45 and Up Study","journal_title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiology","journal_issn":"0928-6586","published_at":"2026-07-17T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","source_score":2,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-26T13:44:47.247Z","updated_at":"2026-07-26T13:44:47.247Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"category","value":"Ophthalmology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"condition","value":"Myopia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=16543","value_numeric":16543},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Cross-Sectional Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"warning","value":"Myopia was entirely self-reported with no objective refraction data, making the 53.1% prevalence figure and all outcome associations potentially unreliable due to misclassification.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is labeled cross-sectional, but the two time points (baseline and follow-up) add some longitudinal element; the causal interpretation remains limited.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 13–17 year gap between exposure (outdoor time) and outcome (myopia self-report) introduces significant temporal ambiguity; causal direction cannot be established.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1080/09286586.2026.2703254","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study population is older adults (58–99 years), limiting generalizability to younger age groups where myopia incidence is highest.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This cross-sectional study examined the association between self-reported outdoor sun exposure and myopia in 16,543 Australian-born adults aged 58–99 years from the 45 and Up Study, with sun exposure reported at baseline (2005–2009) and myopia status reported at follow-up (2022).","key_result":"Myopia prevalence was 53.1% (likely an overestimate). Less outdoor sun time was independently associated with higher myopia prevalence (OR=1.05 per unit decrease, 95% CI: 1.03–1.08, p<0.001). Female sex (OR=1.26), younger age (OR=1.45 for age 55–64 vs 85+), more sitting time (OR=1.02), less exercise (OR=1.04), and lower tanning propensity (OR=1.19) were also associated with higher myopia prevalence.","limitations":"- Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference; outdoor time and myopia were measured 13–17 years apart.\n- Myopia was self-reported, with no objective refraction data, likely inflating prevalence (53.1%).\n- Adult outdoor habits may only proxy for childhood behaviors when myopia actually develops.","practice_takeaway":"These findings support encouraging outdoor time as a potential modifiable factor linked to lower myopia prevalence, but the observational design and reliance on self-report mean clinicians should interpret the strength of this association cautiously. Prospective studies with objective refraction measures are needed before changing practice."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","pmid":"42329656","title":"Obesity Management Pharmacotherapies and Lifestyle Treatment for Pediatric Obesity Management","journal_title":"JAMA Pediatrics","journal_issn":"2168-6203","published_at":"2026-06-22T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13288192/","source_score":28,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-01T13:27:05.864Z","updated_at":"2026-07-01T13:27:05.864Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adolescent","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"age_group","value":"child","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"brand","value":"Ozempic","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"category","value":"Pediatrics","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"condition","value":"Pediatric Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"generic","value":"metformin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"generic","value":"orlistat","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"generic","value":"phentermine-topiramate","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"generic","value":"semaglutide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"1","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biguanide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"modality","value":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonist","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lipase Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"modality","value":"Sympathomimetic-Anticonvulsant Combination","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=3835","value_numeric":3835},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age range (10–19 years) spans both child and adolescent categories; median age of 14.5 years suggests predominantly adolescent population.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"warning","value":"Brand tag 'Ozempic' applied as a representative semaglutide brand; the specific formulation or brand studied may differ across included RCTs.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text is under PMC embargo until June 22, 2027; all extracted data are based solely on the published abstract.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.2248","tag_type":"warning","value":"Semaglutide combination results are derived from a limited number of studies — confidence intervals are wide and estimates should be interpreted cautiously.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This systematic review and network meta-analysis compared the effectiveness of health behavior and lifestyle treatment (HBLT), obesity management pharmacotherapies (GLP-1 receptor agonists, metformin, orlistat, phentermine-topiramate), and their combinations on BMI, BMI z score, waist circumference, fat mass, and lean mass in children and adolescents aged 10–19 years with obesity across 42 RCTs (n=3,835) over typically 6–12 months.","key_result":"Semaglutide plus counseling produced the largest BMI reduction (MD −8.31; 95% CI −12.33 to −4.28) and BMI z score reduction (MD −1.80; 95% CI −2.39 to −1.21). All pharmacotherapies were more effective when paired with lifestyle treatment. HBLT alone also showed meaningful reductions vs. control (BMI MD −3.85; BMI z score MD −0.89).","limitations":"- Semaglutide combination estimates were based on a limited number of studies, reducing precision.\n- Outcomes reflect short-term follow-up (typically 6–12 months); long-term safety and sustainability data are limited.\n- Full text was under embargo; findings are based on the published abstract only.","practice_takeaway":"Combine pharmacotherapy (especially semaglutide) with structured lifestyle treatment for the greatest short-term weight reduction in adolescents with obesity. HBLT alone still delivers clinically meaningful BMI reduction and should remain the foundation of any treatment plan."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","pmid":"42295772","title":"Lifestyle and Metformin Interventions and Risk of Multimorbidity in Adults With Prediabetes","journal_title":"JAMA","journal_issn":"0098-7484","published_at":"2026-06-15T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13270327/","source_score":274,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-23T13:25:08.937Z","updated_at":"2026-06-23T13:25:08.937Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"category","value":"Medicine, General & Internal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"condition","value":"Multimorbidity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"condition","value":"Prediabetes","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"generic","value":"metformin","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"modality","value":"Biguanide","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=1173","value_numeric":1173},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Observational Follow-up of Randomized Controlled Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text is under PMC embargo until December 15, 2026; summary is based on the abstract and results section only — detailed methodology, subgroup analyses, and covariate adjustments could not be verified.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"warning","value":"Median follow-up age of 74 years suggests the cohort was elderly at analysis; findings may not generalize to younger adults with prediabetes.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jama.2026.8492","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study design is observational post-RCT, so treatment effects after DPPOS enrollment (unmasking, lifestyle classes offered to all groups) may dilute or confound original randomization effects.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This observational follow-up of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) and DPP Outcomes Study (DPPOS) examined whether intensive lifestyle intervention or metformin (vs. placebo) reduced long-term multimorbidity (≥2 of 15 chronic conditions) in 1,173 adults with prediabetes, followed from 1996 to 2021 using CMS claims data.","key_result":"Lifestyle intervention was associated with a 21% lower risk of multimorbidity vs. placebo (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.68–0.93); for the costliest condition dyads, the reduction was 43% (HR 0.57; 95% CI 0.38–0.85). Metformin showed no significant benefit vs. placebo (HR 0.91; 95% CI 0.78–1.07). Overall, 85% of participants developed ≥2 conditions (82% lifestyle, 85% metformin, 87% placebo).","limitations":"- Only 1,173 of 3,234 original DPP participants had CMS data available (consent-based subset), raising selection bias concerns.\n- Observational follow-up design after the RCT phase limits causal inference, especially given unmasking and protocol changes in DPPOS.\n- Multimorbidity defined using administrative claims (CMS Chronic Condition Data Warehouse), which may miss or misclassify conditions.","practice_takeaway":"Intensive lifestyle intervention in adults with prediabetes is associated with meaningful, long-term reductions in multimorbidity burden — effects that persist decades later. Clinicians should prioritize structured lifestyle programs for prediabetic patients as a strategy to delay not just diabetes, but multiple chronic diseases."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","pmid":"42270971","title":"Behavioral Components of Life's Essential 8 Are More Strongly Associated with Cognitive Function than Clinical Factors in Chinese Older Adults","journal_title":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","journal_issn":"1070-5503","published_at":"2026-06-10T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","source_score":8,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-12T13:24:28.795Z","updated_at":"2026-06-12T13:24:28.795Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"category","value":"Psychology, Clinical","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiovascular Health","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cognitive Decline","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"condition","value":"Mild Cognitive Impairment","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"4","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=2527","value_numeric":2527},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Cross-Sectional Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"warning","value":"Cross-sectional design: associations cannot establish causality between LE8 behavioral components and cognitive outcomes. The paper does not provide longitudinal follow-up data.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"warning","value":"Subgroup heterogeneity by sex and depressive status is noted but not fully characterized; interaction effects should be interpreted cautiously.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s12529-026-10473-3","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study is limited to a single Chinese cohort (Ma'anshan), so findings may not generalize broadly. Cultural dietary patterns and lifestyle norms may differ meaningfully from other populations.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This cross-sectional study examined how Life's Essential 8 (LE8) scores — including both behavioral (diet, sleep, physical activity, smoking) and clinical (blood glucose, lipids, blood pressure, BMI) components — relate to cognitive function and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in 2,527 Chinese adults aged ≥65 from the Ma'anshan Healthy Aging Cohort.","key_result":"Each 10-point rise in LE8 score linked to a 0.532-point higher MMSE score (95% CI: 0.353–0.712, P<0.001) and a 16.5% lower MCI risk (OR=0.835, 95% CI: 0.742–0.945, P=0.004). Behavioral components (diet, sleep, physical activity) showed stronger associations with cognitive outcomes than clinical factors (blood glucose, lipids). Dose-response relationships were linear.","limitations":"- Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference about LE8 and cognitive outcomes.\n- Single Chinese cohort (Ma'anshan) may limit generalizability to other ethnic or geographic groups.\n- Subgroup analyses suggest effect heterogeneity by sex and depressive status, but the study was not powered to confirm these interactions.","practice_takeaway":"Encourage older adults to prioritize modifiable behaviors — especially diet quality, physical activity, and sleep — as these show the strongest links to cognitive health, even beyond managing blood glucose or lipids. Behavior-focused interventions may be the highest-yield strategy for preventing cognitive decline in this age group."}},{"doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","pmid":"42219275","title":"Impact of Sleeve Gastrectomy Versus Intensive Lifestyle Modifications With Obesity Management Medications on\n BMI\n Trajectory and Target Attainment: A Prospective Matched Cohort Study","journal_title":"Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism","journal_issn":"1462-8902","published_at":"2026-05-31T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70912","source_score":1,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-08T13:46:42.854Z","updated_at":"2026-06-08T13:46:42.854Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"category","value":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"condition","value":"Dyslipidemia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hypertension","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"condition","value":"Severe Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"condition","value":"Type 2 Diabetes","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"modality","value":"Bariatric Surgery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"modality","value":"Obesity Management Medication","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=190","value_numeric":190},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Matched Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"warning","value":"Despite 1:1 matching on four variables, residual confounding (e.g., patient motivation, socioeconomic factors) cannot be excluded in this non-randomized design.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"warning","value":"The ILM/OMM group's specific medications are not enumerated in the abstract; if older agents (rather than modern GLP-1 agonists or dual agonists) were used, the weight-loss gap with SG may be overestimated relative to current best medical therapy.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/dom.70912","tag_type":"warning","value":"Trial registration (NCT06820047) was noted but results are prospective and real-world; generalizability to other healthcare settings may be limited.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This prospective matched cohort study (n=190, BMI ≥35 kg/m²) compared sleeve gastrectomy (SG) vs. intensive lifestyle modification plus obesity management medications (ILM/OMM) over 12 months, with 1:1 matching on age, sex, BMI, and diabetes duration. Primary outcomes were BMI change at 12 months and time to ≥25% total weight loss (TWL).","key_result":"At 12 months, SG produced a lower model-based BMI (28.4 vs. 31.6 kg/m²; difference −3.2 kg/m², p<0.001) and greater %TWL (37.6% vs. 18.0%; difference 19.6 percentage points, p<0.001). Median time to ≥25% TWL was 6 months with SG vs. not reached by 12 months with ILM/OMM (HR 13.85, 95% CI 7.81–24.58). Both groups showed metabolic improvement, but between-group differences were limited.","limitations":"- Follow-up was limited to 12 months; longer-term durability of weight loss and metabolic outcomes is unknown.\n- Non-randomized design (matched cohort) may introduce residual confounding despite 1:1 matching.\n- Specific medications used in the ILM/OMM group (e.g., GLP-1 agonists vs. older agents) are not detailed in the abstract, limiting comparability.","practice_takeaway":"SG achieves roughly twice the weight loss of intensive lifestyle plus medications at 1 year and reaches the ≥25% TWL threshold far sooner. Clinicians can present both approaches as metabolically beneficial, using patient preference, risk tolerance, and comorbidity profile to guide the choice."}},{"doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","pmid":"42203205","title":"Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Recommendations and survival in people with incident cancer in UK Biobank","journal_title":"Cancer","journal_issn":"0008-543X","published_at":"2026-05-27T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70437","source_score":40,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-31T13:35:30.320Z","updated_at":"2026-05-31T13:35:30.320Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"category","value":"Oncology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"condition","value":"Breast Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"condition","value":"Esophageal Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"condition","value":"Liver Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"condition","value":"Lung Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"condition","value":"Prostate Cancer","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"modality","value":"Dietary Modification","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=28550","value_numeric":28550},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"warning","value":"Causal inference is limited by the observational design; residual confounding by socioeconomic or clinical factors is possible.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"warning","value":"Lifestyle exposures were measured only at baseline recruitment (2006–2010), prior to cancer diagnosis; post-diagnosis behavioral changes are not reflected in the score.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/cncr.70437","tag_type":"warning","value":"The abbreviated WCRF/AICR score (0–5) covers fewer components than the full 2018 recommendations, so findings may underestimate the total impact of full guideline adherence.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This prospective cohort study examined whether adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations (scored 0–5 using an abbreviated scale) was associated with all-cause mortality in 28,550 UK Biobank participants diagnosed with a single incident cancer, followed for a median of 6 years.","key_result":"Each 1-point increment in the abbreviated WCRF/AICR score was associated with an 8% lower risk of all-cause death (HR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.90–0.94; p < .001). Over follow-up, 10,014 of 28,550 participants (35%) died. Site-specific risk reductions of 5%–14% per point were seen for prostate, breast, lung, esophageal, and liver cancers.","limitations":"Lifestyle data were collected at baseline (2006–2010) only, so changes after cancer diagnosis are not captured. The abbreviated score covers only 5 of the full WCRF/AICR recommendations, potentially underestimating the full adherence effect. As an observational study, residual confounding cannot be excluded.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians can counsel cancer patients that meeting each additional WCRF/AICR lifestyle recommendation is linked to roughly 8% lower risk of death. Supporting adherence to these guidelines—covering diet, weight, and physical activity—appears beneficial even after a cancer diagnosis."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","pmid":"42189448","title":"The Role of Fathers in the Intergenerational Transmission of Obesity","journal_title":"Current Obesity Reports","journal_issn":"2162-4968","published_at":"2026-05-26T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","source_score":78,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:04.515Z","updated_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:04.515Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"category","value":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Childhood Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Metabolic Syndrome","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"condition","value":"Paternal Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"modality","value":"Bariatric Surgery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"modality","value":"Preconception Counseling","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"warning","value":"No original data were generated in this study; all quantitative figures are drawn from cited primary sources and may reflect heterogeneous populations and methodologies.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"warning","value":"Sample size tag omitted: this is a narrative review with no enrolled study population.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1007/s13679-026-00720-9","tag_type":"warning","value":"The impact_flag 'practice_changing' reflects the review's strong clinical implications for expanding paternal inclusion in preconception and perinatal care, though the underlying evidence base includes many observational studies.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative review synthesized evidence on how paternal factors — biological (sperm epigenetics, genetics), behavioral (diet, physical activity, feeding practices), and socioecological (SDoH, mental health, ACEs) — contribute to intergenerational transmission of childhood obesity, from preconception through early childhood.","key_result":"Paternal obesity is independently associated with offspring obesity risk. Key findings include: men with obesity have 20–40% lower sperm concentration and a 30–66% higher infertility risk; inheriting one FTO risk allele raises obesity risk by 20–30%, two alleles by 60–70%; paternal BMI rises ~0.22 kg/m² from prebirth to 5–6 months postpartum; paternal depression raises maternal depression risk and reduces family preventive care attendance; and ACE exposure shows a dose-dependent relationship with offspring obesity risk.","limitations":"- Restricted to narrative (not systematic) review methodology, with inherent selection bias in evidence synthesis.\n- Most human mechanistic studies on sperm epigenetics are observational, limiting causal inference.\n- Evidence base is predominantly from two-parent, heterosexual households; same-sex and single-father families are nearly absent from the literature.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should expand preconception counseling to include fathers — addressing weight, diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol, and mental health — as paternal lifestyle directly shapes both sperm epigenetics and the child's home environment. Father-inclusive prenatal visits and obesity prevention programs should be actively implemented, as current paternal engagement remains suboptimal."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","pmid":"42144183","title":"Obesity and biological aging across the life course: A geroscience framework for metabolic health","journal_title":"Metabolism","journal_issn":"0026-0495","published_at":"2026-05-16T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","source_score":35,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-19T13:22:51.180Z","updated_at":"2026-05-19T13:22:51.180Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"category","value":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"condition","value":"Biological Aging","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiometabolic Disease","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"condition","value":"Multimorbidity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"condition","value":"Obesity","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"modality","value":"Incretin-Based Pharmacotherapy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Narrative Review","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"warning","value":"No sample size is applicable — this is a review article with no primary dataset.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"warning","value":"The DOI references a 2026 publication date; this appears consistent with today's date (May 19, 2026) and is treated as a recently published article.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper uses 'acceleration' to describe associations, not confirmed causation; causal claims about obesity driving aging are not yet fully established.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156634","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'practice_changing' impact flag reflects the conceptual novelty of the ObAGE framework rather than a validated clinical trial result — clinicians should weigh this accordingly.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This narrative translational review proposes the Obesity-Accelerated Aging (ObAGE) framework, examining how excess adiposity may accelerate biological aging through shared hallmarks — including dysregulated nutrient sensing, chronic inflammation, cellular senescence, and epigenetic drift — across the life course.","key_result":"The authors argue that obesity prematurely engages core aging hallmarks, contributing to earlier multimorbidity and functional decline, and that several aging-related biological signatures appear at least partially reversible through metabolic interventions (lifestyle changes and incretin-based pharmacotherapy).","limitations":"- Most supporting human evidence is observational; causal strength varies across aging pathways and study designs.\n- As a narrative review, it is subject to selection bias in the literature cited.\n- The ObAGE framework is conceptual; it has not been prospectively validated as a clinical tool.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians should consider treating obesity not just as a disease risk factor but as a driver of accelerated biological aging — making early metabolic intervention (including incretin-based therapies) a strategy to preserve physiological capacity and delay age-related decline. Biological aging signatures may be modifiable, reinforcing the case for proactive, life-course–oriented obesity management."}},{"doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","pmid":"42049715","title":"Sex- and adipose depot-specific glucose metabolism following carbohydrate-enriched diets consumption with (un)interrupted prolonged sitting","journal_title":"Nutrition & Diabetes","journal_issn":"2044-4052","published_at":"2026-04-28T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","source_score":16,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-07T22:50:14.349Z","updated_at":"2026-05-07T22:50:14.349Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"category","value":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"condition","value":"Insulin Resistance","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"condition","value":"Postprandial Hyperglycemia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"condition","value":"Sedentary Behavior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"modality","value":"Continuous Glucose Monitoring","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=20","value_numeric":20},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Randomized Crossover Trial","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"In vitro findings from preadipocyte cell lines may not directly translate to in vivo human physiology.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence assigned as 2 (controlled crossover trial) but the small n and exploratory nature of several findings temper confidence in the results.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"The sample size (n=20) is very small; sex-stratified subgroup findings should be interpreted with caution as they are likely underpowered.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00422-0","tag_type":"warning","value":"The study was conducted in healthy, young, lean participants — results may not apply to individuals with obesity, diabetes, or older age groups.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This randomized crossover trial (n=20; 10 females; median age 29.2 years; median BMI 23.1 kg/m²) compared postprandial interstitial glucose in abdominal (ASAT) vs. gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (GSAT) via simultaneous CGM over 320-minute mixed-feeding trials following carbohydrate-enriched meals during prolonged sitting (SIT) vs. interrupted sitting with brisk walking (ACTIVE).","key_result":"In SIT, GSAT showed a slower rise in interstitial glucose than ASAT, especially in females. In ACTIVE, brisk walking breaks lowered interstitial glucose in both depots, with the largest effect in female ASAT. In vitro, gluteal adipocytes specifically upregulated GLUT1-mediated glucose uptake and ChREBP-driven de novo lipogenesis at 3–6 hours post-feeding.","limitations":"Very small sample (n=20), limiting statistical power for sex-stratified analyses. Participants were young and lean (median BMI 23.1 kg/m²), restricting generalizability to overweight or older adults. Interstitial CGM glucose is an indirect proxy for tissue-level glucose metabolism and may not fully reflect intracellular events.","practice_takeaway":"Encourage patients to break up prolonged sitting with brief brisk walks after carbohydrate-rich meals, particularly for females in whom abdominal fat glucose control showed the greatest benefit. Gluteal fat may buffer postprandial hyperglycemia, a depot-specific effect worth considering in body composition counseling."}},{"doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","pmid":"42037457","title":"Life's Essential 8 and Risk of Severe COVID‐19 Among Adults Without Clinical Cardiovascular Disease: The C4R Study","journal_title":"Journal of the American Heart Association","journal_issn":"2047-9980","published_at":"2026-04-27T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.125.048256","source_score":60,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:28.238Z","updated_at":"2026-06-10T14:24:28.238Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"age_group","value":"older_adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"category","value":"Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiovascular Health","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"condition","value":"COVID-19","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"generic","value":"Life's Essential 8","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=29740","value_numeric":29740},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"warning","value":"Moderate CVH did not show a statistically significant protective effect (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.64–1.04), suggesting the benefit may be threshold-dependent or require very high CVH scores.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"warning","value":"The cohort is older on average (mean age 66 years) and racially/ethnically diverse; results may not fully generalize to younger or less diverse populations.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1161/jaha.125.048256","tag_type":"warning","value":"The 'Life's Essential 8' is a composite lifestyle/cardiovascular health metric, not a drug or device — tagged under 'Lifestyle Intervention' and listed as a generic for searchability.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This prospective cohort study (C4R consortium, 9 cohorts, n=29,740 adults without cardiovascular disease) examined whether the AHA's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) cardiovascular health (CVH) score was associated with risk of severe COVID-19 (hospitalization or death) from March 2020 through February 2023.","key_result":"Each 1-SD higher LE8 score was associated with a 20% lower hazard of severe COVID-19 (aHR 0.80, 95% CI 0.73–0.88); high CVH (LE8 ≥80) was associated with a 46% lower risk vs. low CVH (aHR 0.54, 95% CI 0.37–0.78), while moderate CVH showed no significant benefit (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.64–1.04). Better physical activity, BMI, blood pressure, and sleep each independently predicted lower risk among the 8 components.","limitations":"- Mean participant age was 66 years and the cohort skewed older, which may limit generalizability to younger adults.\n- COVID-19 infections were identified partly by serosurvey and questionnaires, so case ascertainment may be incomplete.\n- The study is observational; residual confounding cannot be excluded.","practice_takeaway":"Encourage patients without established cardiovascular disease to achieve high cardiovascular health (LE8 ≥80) — particularly through physical activity, weight management, blood pressure control, and adequate sleep — as it may substantially reduce their risk of severe COVID-19 and potentially other serious viral illnesses."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","pmid":"42055347","title":"Gene–Lifestyle Synergy in Diabetic Retinopathy Development","journal_title":"Ophthalmology","journal_issn":"0161-6420","published_at":"2026-04-27T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","source_score":3,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-26T13:44:40.398Z","updated_at":"2026-07-26T13:44:40.398Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"category","value":"Ophthalmology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"condition","value":"Diabetes Mellitus","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"condition","value":"Diabetic Retinopathy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"condition","value":"Prediabetes","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"modality","value":"Lifestyle Intervention","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"modality","value":"Polygenic Risk Score","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=92810","value_numeric":92810},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"warning","value":"Impact flag 'practice_changing' applied cautiously: findings are observational and no interventional trial of PRS-guided lifestyle counseling for DR prevention has been conducted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"warning","value":"The paper's DOI indicates a 2026 publication; as of the query date (July 26, 2026) this is a recently published article and independent replication beyond GDES has not yet occurred.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.04.017","tag_type":"warning","value":"The total sample size of 92,810 is derived by combining UKB (91,691) and GDES (1,119) cohorts, which differ in ethnicity and setting — pooled estimates should be interpreted with caution.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A machine learning-driven polygenic risk score (PRS) built from 182 SNPs was applied to two multiethnic prospective cohorts (UK Biobank: n=91,691; Guangzhou Diabetic Eye Study: n=1,119) with diabetes/prediabetes free of diabetic retinopathy at baseline, to evaluate independent and combined effects of genetic risk and lifestyle (smoking, weight, physical activity, sleep) on incident DR.","key_result":"High genetic risk raised DR hazard by 37% (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.18–1.60) and an unfavorable lifestyle raised it by 49% (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.34–1.65); combined, they more than doubled risk (HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.67–2.60). Among high-genetic-risk participants, a favorable lifestyle cut DR risk by 44% (HR 0.56), reducing standardized DR rates from 7.5% to 4.6%.","limitations":"- Lifestyle factors were self-reported and assessed at a single time point, limiting capture of behavior change over follow-up.\n- UK Biobank participants tend to be healthier and less diverse than the general population, which may limit generalizability.\n- The PRS was constructed from literature-derived SNPs rather than a discovery GWAS, which may not capture the full genetic architecture of DR.","practice_takeaway":"Even patients with high genetic susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy can cut their risk nearly in half by maintaining a favorable lifestyle (no smoking, healthy weight, regular activity, good sleep). Clinicians should counsel all diabetic patients on these four modifiable behaviors, with particular urgency for those identified as high genetic risk."}},{"doi":"10.2337/db25-0757","pmid":"41973618","title":"Different Metabolic Responses to Long-term Weight Loss After Lifestyle Intervention Among Type 2 Diabetes Risk Clusters: Results From the TULIP Study","journal_title":"Diabetes","journal_issn":"0012-1797","published_at":"2026-04-13T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.2337/db25-0757","source_score":210,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-04-14","doi":"10.2337/db25-0757","days":"30","issn":"0012-1797","rank":"4","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"210","category":"Endocrinology & Metabolism","categories":["Endocrinology & Metabolism"],"_categories":["Endocrinology & Metabolism"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.2337/db25-0757","title":"Different Metabolic Responses to Long-term Weight Loss After Lifestyle Intervention Among Type 2 Diabetes Risk Clusters: Results From the TULIP Study.","journal":"Diabetes","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"There may be heterogeneity in the response to a lifestyle intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes. This study investigated whether participants of Tübingen Lifestyle Intervention Program (TULIP) type 2 diabetes risk clusters 3 and 5, who have a very high risk of diabetes, benefit from long-term weight loss following a 2-year lifestyle intervention. Diabetes risk cluster 5 participants had an impaired response regarding improvement of glycemia and insulin secretion and a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, despite a long-term (9-year) mean weight loss of 8%. Alternative or intensified interventions should be considered for people in Tübingen type 2 diabetes risk cluster 5.","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"41973618","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-04-13T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.2337/db25-0757","URL":"https://doi.org/10.2337/db25-0757","ISSN":["0012-1797","1939-327X"],"link":[{"URL":"https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article-pdf/doi/10.2337/db25-0757/861922/db250757.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article-pdf/doi/10.2337/db25-0757/861922/db250757.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Different Metabolic Responses to Long-term Weight Loss After Lifestyle Intervention Among Type 2 Diabetes Risk Clusters: Results From the TULIP Study"],"author":[{"given":"Caroline Z.","family":"Meier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Internal Medicine IV, Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"3Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany"},{"name":"4Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Ganslmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany"},{"name":"5Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of Helmholtz Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 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in adults with psoriasis compared weight-loss interventions (dietary advice ± physical activity or weight-loss medications) versus usual care or lower-intensity weight-loss; outcomes included PASI (PASI50/75/100) and DLQI, with searches through 2025-03-09.","key_result":"Across 14 comparisons (n=1145), weight-loss interventions led to greater weight loss (MD −6.7 kg) and a larger PASI reduction versus control (MD −2.5; 95% CI −3.8 to −1.1).","limitations":"Interventions were heterogeneous (dietary advice, physical activity components, and weight-loss medications), limiting direct comparability; comparator intensity varied (usual care vs lower-intensity weight-loss), which may dilute contrasts.","practice_takeaway":"For adults with psoriasis, structured weight-loss strategies can modestly lower PASI (~2.5 points on average) and improve quality of life; integrate weight management into routine care."}},{"doi":"10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7","pmid":"41410808","title":"Obesity-related glomerulopathy, A growing kidney burden in the obesity pandemic","journal_title":"Clinical and Experimental Nephrology","journal_issn":"1342-1751","published_at":"2025-12-18T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7","source_score":44,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-12-23","doi":"10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7","days":"30","issn":"1342-1751","rank":"2","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"44","category":"Urology & Nephrology","categories":["Urology & Nephrology"],"_categories":["Urology & Nephrology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7","title":"Obesity-related glomerulopathy, A growing kidney burden in the obesity pandemic.","journal":"Clinical and experimental nephrology","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"Obesity can cause the progression of kidney disease through hemodynamic, structural, and metabolic changes, and predispose individuals to arterio-nephrosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy (ORG) is defined as clinical obesity and biopsy-proven glomerulomegaly with or without the existence of FSGS. However, pathologic changes of ORG are not pathognomonic or specific. Glomerular hypertrophy, maladaptive segmental glomerulosclerosis, as well as in some cases diabetic-like changes may be seen secondary to any cause of acquired or congenital reduced nephron mass with compensatory hypertrophy as well as glomerular hypoxia. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms causing ORG and explore current diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies, emphasizing the role of weight management and emerging targeted therapies.","keywords":["GLP1 receptor agonists","ORG","Obesity","Related FSGS","Related Glomerulopathy"],"pubmed_id":"41410808","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-12-18T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7","ISSN":["1342-1751","1437-7799"],"link":[{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7","content-type":"text/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7.pdf","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Obesity-related glomerulopathy, A growing kidney burden in the obesity pandemic"],"author":[{"given":"Mahtab","family":"Mashayekhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jonathan E.","family":"Zuckerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sahar H.","family":"Koubar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Junnan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jianbo","family":"Qing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Abdipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Edgar","family":"Lerma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Warren","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sayna","family":"Norouzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"funder":[{"id":[{"id":"10.13039/100008891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}],"DOI":"10.13039/100008891","name":"Loma Linda University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"member":"297","prefix":"10.1007","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2025-12-18T12:19:18Z","timestamp":1766060358000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:16:22Z","timestamp":1766067382924,"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"tdm"},{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","start":{"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000,"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"delay-in-days":0,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":"$36","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10157-025-02804-7"}},"subtitle":[],"assertion":[{"name":"received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Received","order":1,"value":"11 September 2025"},{"name":"accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"Accepted","order":2,"value":"8 December 2025"},{"name":"first_online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"},"label":"First Online","order":3,"value":"18 December 2025"},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"},"order":1},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"},"order":2,"value":"Edgar Lerma is on the advisory board of Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Calliditas, Novo Nordisk, Travere, Opko, and Otsuka. He is also on the speaker bureau of Bayer, Travere, Natera, and Otsuka. Sayna Norouzi has received honorarium from Caliditas, Travere, Novartis, Alexion, Sanofi and Lilly; and research funding from ASN and IgAN foundation."},{"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"},"order":3,"value":"This article is a narrative review. 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