2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T470,Of the 24 949 included patients, 1329 (5.3%) had a BSA assessment at index (963 had ≤10% BSA involvement; 366 had >10%). Most patients (n = 21 996 [88.2%]) were 18 years and older and female (n = 14 057 [56.3%]). The face was the most frequently affected area at index, impacting 5482 of 16 674 patients (32.9%) with reported location of vitiligo. Across BSA groups, 27% (6308 of 23 620 without BSA assessment) to 32% (310 of 963 with ≤10% BSA involvement) of patients did not receive treatment for vitiligo during follow-up. The most common treatments following index were topical and oral corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors/phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, with no substantial differences across BSA groups during follow-up. Topical treatments were prescribed more frequently to children and adolescents vs adults, while systemic treatments were prescribed more to adults. High variability across treatment sequences was observed. Median therapy duration ranged from 1.8 (95% CI, 1.6-2.1) months to 4.1 (95% CI, 3.7-4.4) months, for first and second lines of treatment depending on treatment type.31:Taca,Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by loss of pigment in the skin, hair, or both, which can impact quality of life. To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with vitiligo and to characterize vitiligo treatment patterns, by vitiligo extent and age. This retrospective cohort study analyzed deidentified data from the linked Komodo Healthcare Map and OMNY Health Foundation databases. The linked databases capture health care and pharmacy claims and electronic health record data for patients with vitiligo receiving care in US dermatology practices and across all other settings. The index date was the date of first observed diagnosis of vitiligo during the index identification period (January 1, 2018, to August 31, 2023), allowing for 3 months or more of follow-up. Eligible patients were those with diagnosed vitiligo and 365 days or more of continuous health care plan enrollment (or eligibility proxy for patients with open claims) before index date. Patients missing age data or without any follow-up were excluded. Patients were stratified into cohorts by age and vitiligo percentage of body surface area (BSA) involvement (≤10%, >10%, and no BSA assessment) at index. The data analysis was conducted between April 2024 and August 2024. Baseline demographics, baseline clinical characteristics, and vitiligo treatment patterns following index date were described. Of the 24 949 included patients, 1329 (5.3%) had a BSA assessment at index (963 had ≤10% BSA involvement; 366 had >10%). Most patients (n = 21 996 [88.2%]) were 18 years and older and female (n = 14 057 [56.3%]). The face was the most frequently affected area at index, impacting 5482 of 16 674 patients (32.9%) with reported location of vitiligo. Across BSA groups, 27% (6308 of 23 620 without BSA assessment) to 32% (310 of 963 with ≤10% BSA involvement) of patients did not receive treatment for vitiligo during follow-up. The most common treatments following index were topical and oral corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors/phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, with no substantial differences across BSA groups during follow-up. Topical treatments were prescribed more frequently to children and adolescents vs adults, while systemic treatments were prescribed more to adults. High variability across treatment sequences was observed. Median therapy duration ranged from 1.8 (95% CI, 1.6-2.1) months to 4.1 (95% CI, 3.7-4.4) months, for first and second lines of treatment depending on treatment type. This cohort study reported treatment patterns in patients with vitiligo. A high proportion of patients with vitiligo did not receive treatment during follow-up, and therapy duration was relatively short.32:Tf08, Importance Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by loss of pigment in the skin, hair, or both, which can impact quality of life. Objective To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with vitiligo and to characterize vitiligo treatment patterns, by vitiligo extent and age. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study analyzed deidentified data from the linked Komodo Healthcare Map and OMNY Health Foundation databases. The linked databases capture health care and pharmacy claims and electronic health record data for patients with vitiligo receiving care in US dermatology practices and across all other settings. The index date was the date of first observed diagnosis of vitiligo during the index identification period (January 1, 2018, to August 31, 2023), allowing for 3 months or more of follow-up. Eligible patients were those with diagnosed vitiligo and 365 days or more of continuous health care plan enrollment (or eligibility proxy for patients with open claims) before index date. Patients missing age data or without any follow-up were excluded. Patients were stratified into cohorts by age and vitiligo percentage of body surface area (BSA) involvement (≤10%, &gt;10%, and no BSA assessment) at index. The data analysis was conducted between April 2024 and August 2024. Main Outcomes and Measures Baseline demographics, baseline clinical characteristics, and vitiligo treatment patterns following index date were described. Results Of the 24 949 included patients, 1329 (5.3%) had a BSA assessment at index (963 had ≤10% BSA involvement; 366 had &gt;10%). Most patients (n = 21 996 [88.2%]) were 18 years and older and female (n = 14 057 [56.3%]). The face was the most frequently affected area at index, impacting 5482 of 16 674 patients (32.9%) with reported location of vitiligo. Across BSA groups, 27% (6308 of 23 620 without BSA assessment) to 32% (310 of 963 with ≤10% BSA involvement) of patients did not receive treatment for vitiligo during follow-up. The most common treatments following index were topical and oral corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors/phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, with no substantial differences across BSA groups during follow-up. Topical treatments were prescribed more frequently to children and adolescents vs adults, while systemic treatments were prescribed more to adults. High variability across treatment sequences was observed. Median therapy duration ranged from 1.8 (95% CI, 1.6-2.1) months to 4.1 (95% CI, 3.7-4.4) months, for first and second lines of treatment depending on treatment type. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study reported treatment patterns in patients with vitiligo. A high proportion of patients with vitiligo did not receive treatment during follow-up, and therapy duration was relatively short. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Oral Corticosteroid: modality Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Oral Corticosteroid (modality). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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ICS: aIRR 1.7 (95% CI 1.3–2.2) at ≤640 µg/day and aIRR 2.8 (2.2–3.6) at >640 µg/day vs. no use; ICS linked to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) only at higher doses. OCS: aIRR 3.0 (2.2–4.1) at ≤5.6 mg/day and aIRR 4.0 (2.9–5.4) at >5.6 mg/day vs. no use, affecting both chronic (CPA) and invasive disease; risk fell with increasing time since last exposure.","limitations":"- Study population was restricted to those who filled inhaled medicine prescriptions, potentially excluding some high-risk patients and limiting generalizability.\n- Residual confounding by underlying lung disease severity or other immunosuppressants cannot be ruled out in a registry-based design.\n- Aspergillosis is rare and diagnosis may be inconsistently coded across the 30-year study window.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians prescribing ICS or OCS—especially at higher doses—should be aware of a meaningful, dose-dependent increase in pulmonary aspergillosis risk and maintain a low threshold for diagnostic workup in patients with relevant respiratory symptoms. Risk appears to wane after corticosteroid exposure ends, reinforcing the value of using the lowest effective dose for the shortest necessary duration."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","pmid":"42241008","title":"Oral Corticosteroids and Adverse Events in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","journal_title":"JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery","journal_issn":"2168-6181","published_at":"2026-06-04T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13237707/","source_score":15,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-12T13:24:25.866Z","updated_at":"2026-06-12T13:24:25.866Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"category","value":"Surgery","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"condition","value":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"generic","value":"prednisolone","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"safety_signal","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"3","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"modality","value":"Oral Corticosteroid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=523316","value_numeric":523316},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Nested Case-Control Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"warning","value":"Full text is under embargo until June 4, 2027; summary is based solely on the abstract and results excerpt — granular subgroup data, hazard ratios for individual outcomes, and exact definitions of case diagnoses are not available for verification.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study population is exclusively Korean adults from a single national insurance database; caution is warranted when extrapolating thresholds (e.g., 1.0 g/year) to other populations.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaoto.2026.1188","tag_type":"warning","value":"The matched cohort age is described as 'midpoint approximated,' suggesting some uncertainty in the reported demographic statistics.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This retrospective nested case-control study examined the association between oral corticosteroid (OCS) exposure and systemic adverse events in 165,361 adult patients (≥20 years) with incident chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), using South Korea's national insurance database (2010–2023). OCS exposure was measured by annual duration, cumulative dose, and prescription frequency.","key_result":"Among 523,316 matched patients (51,647 cases; 472,369 controls), high OCS exposure (>90 days/year) significantly raised risk of avascular bone necrosis, osteoporosis, and pneumonia. Cumulative dose ≥1.0 g prednisolone-equivalents/year was linked to a 23% higher overall adverse event risk (aOR 1.23; 95% CI 1.11–1.36), plus elevated risks of avascular bone necrosis, pneumonia, dyslipidemia, heart failure, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. Prescription frequency alone was not independently associated with risk.","limitations":"- Retrospective claims-data design limits ability to confirm diagnosis accuracy or capture over-the-counter steroid use.\n- Study population is Korean adults only, which may limit generalizability to other ethnicities or healthcare systems.\n- Residual confounding (e.g., disease severity, comorbidities driving OCS use) cannot be fully excluded.","practice_takeaway":"Limit cumulative and annual OCS exposure in CRSwNP patients — doses ≥1.0 g/year prednisolone-equivalent carry measurable systemic harm. Prioritize steroid-sparing strategies (e.g., biologics, endoscopic sinus surgery) for patients requiring long-term disease control."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","pmid":"42090147","title":"Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Patterns in Patients With Vitiligo","journal_title":"JAMA Dermatology","journal_issn":"2168-6068","published_at":"2026-05-06T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","source_score":26,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-05-11","doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","days":"7","issn":"2168-6068","rank":"2","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"26","category":"Dermatology","categories":["Dermatology"],"_categories":["Dermatology"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","title":"Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Patterns in Patients With Vitiligo.","journal":"JAMA 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K.","family":"Kurosky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Mojgan","family":"Sadrarhami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Griffith","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pfizer Inc, New York, New York"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Fiasconaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genesis Research Group, Hoboken, NJ"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genesis Research Group, Hoboken, NJ"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rosmarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis"}]},{"given":"Nada M.","family":"Elbuluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles"}]},{"given":"Amit G.","family":"Pandya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Sunnyvale, California"}]},{"given":"Iltefat","family":"Hamzavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan"}]}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"member":"10","prefix":"10.1001","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:31:32Z","timestamp":1778081492000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2026-05-06T16:14:26Z","timestamp":1778084066965,"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"subject":[],"abstract":"$32","language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2848392"}},"subtitle":[],"deposited":{"date-time":"2026-05-06T15:31:32Z","timestamp":1778081492000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2168-6068"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"publisher":"American Medical Association 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in the United States.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1007/s12325-024-02875-0","key":"dbr260005r7","year":"2024","issue":"7","author":"Ramot","volume":"41","first-page":"2890","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Epidemiology and treatment patterns of patients with vitiligo: a real-world analysis.","journal-title":"Adv Ther","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2024.0021","key":"dbr260005r8","year":"2024","issue":"4","author":"Renert-Yuval","volume":"160","first-page":"453","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Expert recommendations on use of topical therapeutics for vitiligo in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients.","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.1002/jvc2.379","key":"dbr260005r9","year":"2024","issue":null,"author":"Lo","volume":"3","first-page":"401","unstructured":null,"article-title":"Adherence to treatment in dermatology: literature 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Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"modality","value":"Oral Corticosteroid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"modality","value":"Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"modality","value":"Topical Calcineurin Inhibitor","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"modality","value":"Topical Corticosteroid","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=24949","value_numeric":24949},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Retrospective Cohort Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"warning","value":"AI-assisted drafting (GPT-4o) was used in producing the initial manuscript draft, which was subsequently edited by the authors.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"warning","value":"BSA documentation was available in only 5.3% of patients, so disease-severity subgroup analyses should be interpreted with caution.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.0971","tag_type":"warning","value":"This study was funded by Pfizer, and several authors are Pfizer employees; ruxolitinib (a Pfizer product) is mentioned as the only FDA-approved repigmentation therapy, which may introduce reporting or framing bias.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This retrospective cohort study described demographic/clinical characteristics and treatment patterns in 24,949 US patients with diagnosed vitiligo (2018–2023), stratified by age group and body surface area (BSA) involvement (≤10%, >10%, or no BSA recorded), using linked claims and EHR data.","key_result":"About 27–32% of patients received no treatment after diagnosis. The most common treatments were topical corticosteroids (TCS; 39% as first line), oral corticosteroids (OCS; 16%), and topical calcineurin inhibitors/PDE4 inhibitors (TCI/PDE4i; 16%). Median therapy duration was short: 1.8 months (95% CI, 1.6–2.1) for first-line and up to 4.1 months (95% CI, 3.7–4.4) for second-line treatment. Treatment sequences were highly variable, and only 5.3% of patients had BSA documented.","limitations":"- BSA was recorded in only 5.3% of patients, limiting the generalizability of disease-severity–stratified findings.\n- Claims data reflect dispensed medications, not actual use, so true treatment adherence and topical therapy duration may be overestimated or underestimated.\n- The cohort skewed toward commercially insured patients in dermatology settings, reducing generalizability to uninsured or primary-care–managed populations.","practice_takeaway":"Roughly one in three vitiligo patients received no treatment after diagnosis, and those who did tended to stop quickly — median first-line therapy lasted under 2 months. Clinicians should set clear expectations about treatment duration and monitor adherence, especially for topical regimens requiring frequent application."}}],"initialOffset":3,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"modality","value":"Oral Corticosteroid"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Modalities","href":"/hub/tag/modality"},{"name":"Oral Corticosteroid"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"modality","hub_tag_value":"Oral Corticosteroid"}}}]]

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