2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T75a,Major peanut allergens are stable and resistant to denaturation under standard cooking conditions, contributing to allergenicity and low rates of developing natural tolerance in allergic individuals. We evaluated the effects of heat and pressure autoclaving on peanut proteins, IgE binding, and oral tolerability. Raw, roasted, and autoclaved peanut protein extracts were evaluated by Bradford assay, ELISA, and mass spectrometry-proteomics to compare relative amounts of protein, specific IgE binding, and allergen fragmentation. To assess changes in clinical reactivity, we performed skin prick testing (SPT) in 41 subjects using standard and autoclaved peanut extracts. We also performed double-blind oral food challenges (OFC) in 10 peanut-allergic subjects with standard and autoclaved peanuts. Autoclaving at 130°C, 2.4 atm, for 30 min significantly degraded allergens Ara h 1 and 2, and completely degraded Ara h 8. Mass spectrometry-proteomics analysis of size-filtered extracts (< 10 kDa) showed greater numbers and diversity of peptides from peanut proteins and allergens in autoclaved extracts. Autoclaving fragmented proteins into shorter peptides, against which sera from highly allergic patients exhibited a 74% reduction in IgE binding compared to raw peanuts. SPT demonstrated significant decreases in wheal diameters using autoclaved peanut extract (median [IQR] = 5 mm [2, 9]) compared to commercial extract (10 mm [6, 15]; p < 0.001). All OFC subjects tolerated the maximum cumulative autoclaved peanut dose (444 mg) versus standard peanut (median: 9 mg, range: [1, 44]). Autoclaving peanuts induces important chemical changes including fragmentation, leading to decreased peanut allergenicity and consequently increased tolerability. This has the potential for novel immunotherapeutic approaches with more favorable side effect profiles.31:Ta5b,ABSTRACT Background Major peanut allergens are stable and resistant to denaturation under standard cooking conditions, contributing to allergenicity and low rates of developing natural tolerance in allergic individuals. We evaluated the effects of heat and pressure autoclaving on peanut proteins, IgE binding, and oral tolerability. Methods Raw, roasted, and autoclaved peanut protein extracts were evaluated by Bradford assay, ELISA, and mass spectrometry‐proteomics to compare relative amounts of protein, specific IgE binding, and allergen fragmentation. To assess changes in clinical reactivity, we performed skin prick testing (SPT) in 41 subjects using standard and autoclaved peanut extracts. We also performed double‐blind oral food challenges (OFC) in 10 peanut‐allergic subjects with standard and autoclaved peanuts. Results Autoclaving at 130°C, 2.4 atm, for 30 min significantly degraded allergens Ara h 1 and 2, and completely degraded Ara h 8. Mass spectrometry‐proteomics analysis of size‐filtered extracts (< 10 kDa) showed greater numbers and diversity of peptides from peanut proteins and allergens in autoclaved extracts. Autoclaving fragmented proteins into shorter peptides, against which sera from highly allergic patients exhibited a 74% reduction in IgE binding compared to raw peanuts. SPT demonstrated significant decreases in wheal diameters using autoclaved peanut extract (median [IQR] = 5 mm [2, 9]) compared to commercial extract (10 mm [6, 15]; p < 0.001). All OFC subjects tolerated the maximum cumulative autoclaved peanut dose (444 mg) versus standard peanut (median: 9 mg, range: [1, 44]). Conclusions Autoclaving peanuts induces important chemical changes including fragmentation, leading to decreased peanut allergenicity and consequently increased tolerability. This has the potential for novel immunotherapeutic approaches with more favorable side effect profiles. 32:T4b2,Psychedelics profoundly alter subjective experience and brain dynamics. Brain oscillations express signatures of near-critical dynamics, relevant for healthy function. Alterations in the proximity to criticality have been suggested to underlie the experiential and neurological effects of psychedelics. Here, we investigate the effects of a psychedelic substance (DMT) on the criticality of brain oscillations, and in relation to subjective experience, in humans of either sex. We find that DMT shifts the dynamics of brain oscillations away from criticality in alpha and adjacent frequency bands. In this context, entropy is increased while complexity is reduced. We find that the criticality shifts observed in alpha and theta bands correlate with the intensity ratings of self-dissolution, a hallmark of psychedelic experience. Finally, using a recently developed metric, the functional excitatory-inhibitory ratio, we find that the DMT-induced criticality shift in brain oscillations is towards subcritical regimes. These findings have major implications for the understanding of psychedelic mechanisms of action in the human brain and for the neurological basis of altered states of consciousness.33:T73a,Psychedelics profoundly alter subjective experience and brain dynamics. Brain oscillations express signatures of near-critical dynamics, relevant for healthy function. Alterations in the proximity to criticality have been suggested to underlie the experiential and neurological effects of psychedelics. Here, we investigate the effects of a psychedelic substance (DMT) on the criticality of brain oscillations, and in relation to subjective experience, in humans of either sex. We find that DMT shifts the dynamics of brain oscillations away from criticality in alpha and adjacent frequency bands. In this context, entropy is increased while complexity is reduced. We find that the criticality shifts observed in alpha and theta bands correlate with the intensity ratings of self-dissolution, a hallmark of psychedelic experience. Finally, using a recently developed metric, the functional excitatory-inhibitory ratio, we find that the DMT-induced criticality shift in brain oscillations is towards subcritical regimes. These findings have major implications for the understanding of psychedelic mechanisms of action in the human brain and for the neurological basis of altered states of consciousness. Significance statement Criticality is characterized by fluctuations occurring on a wide range of spatiotemporal scales and high complexity. Here, we investigate the effects of DMT, a classic psychedelic, on criticality of brain oscillations and in relation to subjective experience. We find that DMT shifts the normally dominant alpha oscillations towards a quieter subcritical state, increasing entropy while reducing complexity, and that this shift correlates with intensity of disruption of the sense of self. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Crossover Trial: study design Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Crossover Trial (study design). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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At 50 mg, dronabinol was correctly identified as a cannabinoid, while 50 mg distillate was perceived as sedative/dissociative with moderate psychedelic similarity.","limitations":"- Extremely small sample (n=4), all white/non-Hispanic, three with graduate degrees — severely limits generalizability.\n- Set and setting were held constant; the contribution of pharmacology vs. expectancy cannot be fully disentangled.\n- No inferential statistics possible; results are purely descriptive.","practice_takeaway":"For clinicians running psychedelic trials, oral Δ9-THC (particularly 25 mg dronabinol) may warrant evaluation as an active comparator to improve blinding integrity — though this pilot is far too small to guide practice on its own. Be aware that high-dose oral THC under psychedelic-style session conditions can produce unexpectedly prolonged effects and nausea, especially at 50 mg."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70208","pmid":"41493009","title":"Autoclaved Peanuts Exhibit Reduced Immunoglobulin E Binding and Improved Oral Tolerability","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2026-01-06T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70208","source_score":10,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-06","doi":"10.1111/all.70208","days":"30","issn":"0105-4538","rank":"5","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"10","category":"Allergy","categories":["Allergy"],"_categories":["Allergy"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/all.70208","title":"Autoclaved Peanuts Exhibit Reduced Immunoglobulin E Binding and Improved Oral Tolerability.","journal":"Allergy","methods":"","results":"Autoclaving at 130°C, 2.4 atm, for 30 min significantly degraded allergens Ara h 1 and 2, and completely degraded Ara h 8. Mass spectrometry-proteomics analysis of size-filtered extracts (< 10 kDa) showed greater numbers and diversity of peptides from peanut proteins and allergens in autoclaved extracts. Autoclaving fragmented proteins into shorter peptides, against which sera from highly allergic patients exhibited a 74% reduction in IgE binding compared to raw peanuts. SPT demonstrated significant decreases in wheal diameters using autoclaved peanut extract (median [IQR] = 5 mm [2, 9]) compared to commercial extract (10 mm [6, 15]; p < 0.001). All OFC subjects tolerated the maximum cumulative autoclaved peanut dose (444 mg) versus standard peanut (median: 9 mg, range: [1, 44]).","abstract":"$30","keywords":["IgE binding","autoclave","oral food challenge","oral tolerance","peanut allergy"],"pubmed_id":"41493009","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-01-06T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1111/all.70208","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70208","ISSN":["0105-4538","1398-9995"],"link":[{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/all.70208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Autoclaved Peanuts Exhibit Reduced Immunoglobulin E Binding and Improved Oral Tolerability"],"author":[{"given":"Casey G.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Toscano‐Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Eisha A.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Al Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences United Arab Emirates University Al Ain UAE"},{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Danbing","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Duncan","family":"Lejtenyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Liane","family":"Beaudette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Chazbey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz S.","family":"Alrafiaah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Majmaah University Al Majma'ah Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Carmen H.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Dejgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry McGill University Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Albert M.","family":"Berghuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry McGill University Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Bertrand J.","family":"Jean‐Claude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"McCusker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Eiwegger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine University Hospital St. Pölten St. Pölten Austria"},{"name":"Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences Krems Austria"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Canada"}]},{"given":"Moshe","family":"Ben‐Shoshan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada"}]},{"given":"Bruce D.","family":"Mazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine McGill University and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI‐MUHC) Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre Montreal 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SPT and OFC cohorts overlapped.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1111/all.70208","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design classification is approximate; the OFC was double‑blind but randomization and sequence were not reported and the work also includes laboratory analyses.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"Compared raw/roasted versus autoclaved peanuts (130°C, 2.4 atm, 30 min) for protein changes, IgE binding, and clinical reactivity, including skin prick testing in 41 subjects and double-blind oral food challenges in 10 peanut‑allergic subjects.","key_result":"Autoclaving fragmented allergens (Ara h 1 and 2 degraded; Ara h 8 eliminated) and reduced IgE binding by 74% versus raw. SPT wheals were smaller with autoclaved extract (median 5 mm [IQR 2, 9]) than commercial extract (10 mm [6, 15]; p<0.001). In OFC, all 10 tolerated the maximum cumulative autoclaved dose (444 mg) versus standard peanut (median 9 mg; range 1–44 mg).","limitations":"Human testing was small (SPT n=41; OFC n=10) with no reported demographics. The OFC design details (randomization/sequence) were not described. Long‑term outcomes beyond challenge tolerance were not reported."}},{"doi":"10.1523/jneurosci.0344-25.2025","pmid":"41285580","title":"DMT-induced shifts in criticality correlate with self-dissolution","journal_title":"The Journal of Neuroscience","journal_issn":"0270-6474","published_at":"2025-11-25T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0344-25.2025","source_score":75,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-11-29","doi":"10.1523/jneurosci.0344-25.2025","days":"7","issn":"0270-6474","rank":"3","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"75","category":"Neurosciences","categories":["Neurosciences"],"_categories":["Neurosciences"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0344-25.2025","title":"DMT-induced shifts in criticality correlate with self-dissolution.","journal":"The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience","methods":"","results":"","abstract":"$32","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"41285580","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1523/jneurosci.0344-25.2025","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0344-25.2025","ISSN":["0270-6474","1529-2401"],"link":[{"URL":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0344-25.2025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0344-25.2025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":"e0344252025","type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["DMT-induced shifts in criticality correlate with self-dissolution"],"author":[{"given":"Mona","family":"Irrmischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Aqil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tongyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hessel","family":"Engelbregt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Carhart-Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Linkenkaer-Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Timmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"funder":[{"id":[{"id":"10.13039/501100020884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}],"DOI":"10.13039/501100020884","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref"},{"name":"Anton Bilton"},{"name":"Patrick Vernon donation to the Centre for Psychedelic Research"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"member":"393","prefix":"10.1523","source":"Crossref","volume":null,"created":{"date-time":"2025-11-24T18:55:17Z","timestamp":1764010517000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"indexed":{"date-time":"2025-11-24T19:54:27Z","timestamp":1764014067829,"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"license":[{"URL":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","start":{"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000,"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"delay-in-days":181,"content-version":"vor"}],"subject":[],"abstract":"$33","accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]]},"language":"en","relation":{},"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https://www.jneurosci.org/lookup/doi/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0344-25.2025"}},"subtitle":[],"deposited":{"date-time":"2025-11-24T18:55:18Z","timestamp":1764010518000,"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0270-6474"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1529-2401"}],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"publisher":"Society for Neuroscience","reference":null,"short-title":[],"update-policy":"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.crossmarkpolicy","alternative-id":["10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0344-25.2025"],"content-domain":{"domain":["jneurosci.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"original-title":[],"container-title":["The Journal of Neuroscience"],"reference-count":0,"published-online":{"date-time":null,"timestamp":null,"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"references-count":0,"short-container-title":["J. 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Long-range temporal correlations (DFA) and a functional excitatory–inhibitory ratio (fE/I) were measured for 20 minutes post-injection and related to post-session visual analogue ratings of self-dissolution.","key_result":"Relative to placebo, DMT reduced DFA exponents broadly across the scalp in theta (Δ=-0.06; p<.0001), alpha (Δ=-0.09; p<.0001), and beta (Δ=-0.06; p=.0004). fE/I decreased in alpha (Δ=-0.18; p=.0003; parietal/occipital) and in left-occipital beta (Δ=-0.14; p=.0005), indicating a shift toward subcritical dynamics; DFA reductions correlated with self-dissolution ratings in theta (r(25)=-0.61; p=.001) and alpha (r(25)=-0.56; p=.005).","limitations":"Small sample and aggregation of two single-blind within-participant studies with differing dose regimens and order (fixed vs counterbalanced) may limit generalizability. EEG metrics were frequency-limited (no high-gamma) and rely on proxies (DFA and fE/I, computed only when DFA>0.6); self-report ratings were collected after the session and item wording was not clarified.","practice_takeaway":"In healthy adults, IV DMT shifts alpha/theta/beta oscillations away from criticality toward a more entropic, subcritical state, and the magnitude of this shift tracks self-dissolution. These are mechanistic EEG findings, useful for hypothesis generation and biomarker development, not for clinical decision-making yet."}}],"initialOffset":3,"fetchConfig":{"kind":"tags","tags":[{"tag_type":"study_design","value":"Crossover Trial"}]},"breadcrumbItems":[{"name":"Home","href":"/"},{"name":"Research Hub","href":"/hub"},{"name":"Study Designs","href":"/hub/tag/study_design"},{"name":"Crossover Trial"}],"hrefConfig":{"basePath":"/hub/papers","webViewQueryParams":{"hub_ctx":"tag","hub_tag_type":"study_design","hub_tag_value":"Crossover Trial"}}}]]

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