2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T84c,Procedural sedation is routinely provided for children in the emergency care setting. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding the optimal provision of sedation for children who are undergoing painful and/or distressing procedures. We aimed to develop a prioritised research agenda that identifies key questions for paediatric procedural sedation in the emergency care setting that will guide future research and optimise care for children. We used a modified Delphi approach to achieve consensus among a multidisciplinary and geographically diverse expert advisory group. An initial list of 42 research questions was identified, with successive rounds of questionnaires conducted until there was a convergence of opinion or a point of diminishing returns was reached. The list was iteratively refined each round by advisory group members who ranked research questions and were given the opportunity to provide suggestions for potential additional questions and provide feedback regarding questions considered. 54 advisory group members participated in the modified Delphi approach. Over the course of two rounds, we identified 10 research questions as the highest priority for future investigation. These questions included topics addressing short- and long-term outcomes related to inadequate assessment and provision of sedation, patient-centered and family-centered outcomes, validity and reliability of clinically important outcome measures, most effective sedative regimens for children undergoing painful procedures, most effective sedative regimens for children undergoing non-painful procedures, most effective sedatives for minimal sedation/anxiolysis, effectiveness of novel sedation approaches, eliminating health disparities, clinician education and competency and the use of simulation to improve sedation outcomes. The 10 research questions identified as highest priority can inform future work by researchers, funders, policymakers and other key decision makers who aim to meaningfully advance the provision of procedural sedation for children cared for in the emergency care setting.31:Ta95, Background Procedural sedation is routinely provided for children in the emergency care setting. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding the optimal provision of sedation for children who are undergoing painful and/or distressing procedures. We aimed to develop a prioritised research agenda that identifies key questions for paediatric procedural sedation in the emergency care setting that will guide future research and optimise care for children. Methods We used a modified Delphi approach to achieve consensus among a multidisciplinary and geographically diverse expert advisory group. An initial list of 42 research questions was identified, with successive rounds of questionnaires conducted until there was a convergence of opinion or a point of diminishing returns was reached. The list was iteratively refined each round by advisory group members who ranked research questions and were given the opportunity to provide suggestions for potential additional questions and provide feedback regarding questions considered. Results 54 advisory group members participated in the modified Delphi approach. Over the course of two rounds, we identified 10 research questions as the highest priority for future investigation. These questions included topics addressing short- and long-term outcomes related to inadequate assessment and provision of sedation, patient-centered and family-centered outcomes, validity and reliability of clinically important outcome measures, most effective sedative regimens for children undergoing painful procedures, most effective sedative regimens for children undergoing non-painful procedures, most effective sedatives for minimal sedation/anxiolysis, effectiveness of novel sedation approaches, eliminating health disparities, clinician education and competency and the use of simulation to improve sedation outcomes. Conclusions The 10 research questions identified as highest priority can inform future work by researchers, funders, policymakers and other key decision makers who aim to meaningfully advance the provision of procedural sedation for children cared for in the emergency care setting. 32:T77d,Frontline quality improvement (QI) projects are important, but they are not always done well. One reason lies in the weaknesses in the early planning stages, known as the "front-end" of projects. We aimed to develop a framework to guide the very early planning of small-scale, frontline surgical QI efforts. We used a participatory, iterative design over 5 phases. We first identified content items relevant to QI from existing frameworks. Next, based on this content, sorting exercise was applied to generate thematic categories. A 4-round modified Delphi process involving clinicians and improvement experts was used to prioritize the features of these categories. A 9-step framework diagram and accompanying guidance table were then created. We tested the prototype with frontline clinicians (both attending or consultant surgeons and resident surgeons) using a clinical vignette, comparing the plans prepared by participants with 3 levels of framework exposure: without the framework, with the framework diagram only, and with the framework diagram plus guidance table. A framework to guide early planning of small-scale surgical QI projects was developed and tested. It comprised a 9-step diagram and an accompanying table of guidance. Seven planning steps include assembling an improvement team, problem detailing, defining aims, intervention identification, planning implementation and monitoring, and planning end-of-project decisions. Two further steps focus on proceeding and transitioning to launch. Testing with a clinical vignette indicated that using the full framework (framework diagram plus guidance table) may improve project planning by attending or consultant surgeons and resident surgeons. The Early Planning of Small-Scale Surgical Improvement framework for surgeons and teams may be valuable in supporting QI. It requires further evaluation to assess its role in improving improvement efforts.33:T9d3, BACKGROUND: Frontline quality improvement (QI) projects are important, but they are not always done well. One reason lies in the weaknesses in the early planning stages, known as the “front-end” of projects. We aimed to develop a framework to guide the very early planning of small-scale, frontline surgical QI efforts. STUDY DESIGN: We used a participatory, iterative design over 5 phases. We first identified content items relevant to QI from existing frameworks. Next, based on this content, sorting exercise was applied to generate thematic categories. A 4-round modified Delphi process involving clinicians and improvement experts was used to prioritize the features of these categories. A 9-step framework diagram and accompanying guidance table were then created. We tested the prototype with frontline clinicians (both attending or consultant surgeons and resident surgeons) using a clinical vignette, comparing the plans prepared by participants with 3 levels of framework exposure: without the framework, with the framework diagram only, and with the framework diagram plus guidance table. RESULTS: A framework to guide early planning of small-scale surgical QI projects was developed and tested. It comprised a 9-step diagram and an accompanying table of guidance. Seven planning steps include assembling an improvement team, problem detailing, defining aims, intervention identification, planning implementation and monitoring, and planning end-of-project decisions. Two further steps focus on proceeding and transitioning to launch. Testing with a clinical vignette indicated that using the full framework (framework diagram plus guidance table) may improve project planning by attending or consultant surgeons and resident surgeons. CONCLUSIONS: The Early Planning of Small-Scale Surgical Improvement framework for surgeons and teams may be valuable in supporting QI. It requires further evaluation to assess its role in improving improvement efforts. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Delphi Study: study design Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Delphi Study (study design). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Summary and tags are based on the abstract alone, as the full Delphi study content was not available in the provided text.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A modified Delphi study aimed to develop content for a brain injury and cognitive dysfunction screening tool (BIC-FV) tailored to victim-survivors of family violence, using an expert panel of 22 participants (neuropsychologists, social workers, medical professionals, family violence clinicians, Aboriginal peoples, and people with lived experience) across three iterative survey rounds.","key_result":"The expert panel reached consensus on 32 items for a full-form screening tool covering acquired brain injury, cognitive dysfunction, and psychological trauma; 16 of those 32 items were endorsed for a short form; and 6 optional demographic items were approved for both versions.","limitations":"- Small expert panel (n=22 declining to n=17 by round 3), limiting breadth of consensus.\n- The BIC-FV tool has not yet been validated; psychometric properties (reliability, sensitivity, specificity) remain untested.\n- No victim-survivors were directly involved in completing the Delphi surveys; lived experience was represented through clinician proxies or panel members, not direct participant testing.","practice_takeaway":"Existing brain injury screening tools were not designed for family violence settings and may miss cognitive and trauma-related sequelae in victim-survivors — the BIC-FV offers a purpose-built alternative once validated. Clinicians in family violence services should anticipate a short-form screening option (16 items) designed for frontline use, pending pilot validation studies."}},{"doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","pmid":"42336629","title":"Definition and framework of sexual wellbeing for population health: a modified Delphi study","journal_title":"BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health","journal_issn":"2515-1991","published_at":"2026-06-23T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","source_score":5,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-06-26T13:25:32.968Z","updated_at":"2026-06-26T13:25:32.968Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"category","value":"Obstetrics & Gynecology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"condition","value":"Sexual Health","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=95","value_numeric":95},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Delphi Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"warning","value":"Level of evidence assigned as 5 (expert consensus/Delphi); this reflects the study design rather than a clinical intervention hierarchy.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"warning","value":"No drugs, modalities, or brands are relevant to this study; those tag types are omitted.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1136/bmjsrh-2025-203200","tag_type":"warning","value":"The full text embedded in the paper appears to be a 2006 WHO report on defining sexual health (from a 2002 consultation), not the actual BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health Delphi study. Summary is based on the abstract and results sections, which do describe the target study. Metadata from the full text does not match the stated paper.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A two-round online modified Delphi study engaged 95 Scottish and international experts (government, NGOs, academia) to reach consensus on a definition and six-domain framework of sexual wellbeing for use in public policy, particularly in Scotland.","key_result":"Consensus (>90%) was reached on defining sexual wellbeing as \"feeling respected, safe, at ease and supported, while also having a sense of self-worth and agency in relation to sex and sexuality.\" Six domains achieved consensus: sexual respect, safety, agency, and support (>90%); comfort with sexuality and sexual self-esteem (>80%). Retention from Round 1 (n=95) to Round 2 was 69.5% (n=66).","limitations":"- Panel was majority Scotland-based (53%), limiting immediate generalizability to other cultural and policy contexts.\n- Authors explicitly note further work is needed to assess framework transferability across diverse environments.\n- No patient or public involvement in the Delphi panel is described; perspectives are limited to professional experts.","practice_takeaway":"Clinicians and public health planners now have a consensus-backed definition and six-domain framework of sexual wellbeing to anchor goal-setting and indicator development beyond traditional disease-focused metrics. This framework supports multisector efforts to promote positive sexuality alongside harm reduction."}},{"doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","pmid":"42155594","title":"Preliminary Development of a Patient‐Reported Outcome Measure for Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction: Findings From a Delphi Process","journal_title":"Respirology","journal_issn":"1323-7799","published_at":"2026-05-19T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/resp.70262","source_score":2,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-26T13:34:52.404Z","updated_at":"2026-05-26T13:34:52.404Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"age_group","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"category","value":"Respiratory System","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"condition","value":"Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"5","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=46","value_numeric":46},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Delphi Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"warning","value":"No psychometric properties (validity, reliability, responsiveness) were assessed in this preliminary study; the 37-item set is not yet a validated PROM.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study design is labeled Delphi (consensus methodology) — level of evidence reflects expert/stakeholder consensus, not interventional or observational clinical data.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1002/resp.70262","tag_type":"warning","value":"The Delphi panel was small (n=46 registered, 29 completers) and predominantly composed of patients (63%), which may limit generalizability of item selection to broader clinical populations.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"An international two-round online Delphi study evaluated 80 candidate items covering the physical, social, and psychological impact of inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) to inform a new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM), involving patients and multidisciplinary healthcare professionals.","key_result":"After two rounds, consensus was reached on 37/80 items (46%) to include in the PROM; 11/80 (14%) were deemed not important, and 32/80 (40%) were considered important but not critical — leaving 43/80 (54%) excluded overall.","limitations":"Small sample size (n=46 registered, 29 completing round two); patient participants dominated (63%), which may skew item selection; no psychometric validation of the resulting item set was performed in this study.","practice_takeaway":"A 37-item candidate PROM for ILO has been identified through stakeholder consensus — but clinicians should await formal psychometric validation before using it in practice."}},{"doi":"10.1136/emermed-2025-215575","pmid":"41545176","title":"Research priorities for paediatric procedural sedation in emergency medicine","journal_title":"Emergency Medicine Journal","journal_issn":"1472-0205","published_at":"2026-01-17T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2025-215575","source_score":2,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-01-20","doi":"10.1136/emermed-2025-215575","days":"7","issn":"1472-0205","rank":"4","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"2","category":"Emergency Medicine","categories":["Emergency Medicine"],"_categories":["Emergency Medicine"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1136/emermed-2025-215575","title":"Research priorities for paediatric procedural sedation in emergency medicine.","journal":"Emergency medicine journal : EMJ","methods":"","results":"54 advisory group members participated in the modified Delphi approach. Over the course of two rounds, we identified 10 research questions as the highest priority for future investigation. These questions included topics addressing short- and long-term outcomes related to inadequate assessment and provision of sedation, patient-centered and family-centered outcomes, validity and reliability of clinically important outcome measures, most effective sedative regimens for children undergoing painful procedures, most effective sedative regimens for children undergoing non-painful procedures, most effective sedatives for minimal sedation/anxiolysis, effectiveness of novel sedation approaches, eliminating health disparities, clinician education and competency and the use of simulation to improve sedation outcomes.","abstract":"$30","keywords":["pediatric emergency medicine","research"],"pubmed_id":"41545176","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-01-17T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1136/emermed-2025-215575","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2025-215575","ISSN":["1472-0205","1472-0213"],"link":[{"URL":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1136/emermed-2025-215575","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":"emermed-2025-215575","type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Research priorities for paediatric procedural sedation in emergency medicine"],"author":[{"given":"Daniel S","family":"Tsze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA"}]},{"given":"Rebecca K","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}]},{"given":"Eileen J","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA"}]},{"given":"Todd P","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA"}]},{"given":"Keli D","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA"}]},{"given":"Alexander J","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}]},{"given":"Carmen D","family":"Sulton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}]},{"given":"Corrie E","family":"Chumpitazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}]},{"given":"Emine M","family":"Tunc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA"}]},{"given":"Amy L","family":"Drendel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 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