2f:I[703058,["/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3bhq_5eh1d760.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/1855-ogyi8eh4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2pfsjpn6k6zlg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/26c7v3_3uwnwu.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/25a3ozcrvi1ff.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2r4wx50nvjh_4.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/23fsw06hsi5b1.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/06_yt270h41rg.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/3ezsiz-7shkna.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/20x2y96ldu5wx.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2lxntcm3pd1_h.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00dgco8irq3jw.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/00nwe-kq0rboc.js","/_next/static/immutable/chunks/2051ffx3xzio9.js"],"PaperListPageClient"] 30:T5d8,Sesame seed allergy is growing with reported fatalities. The diagnosis can be difficult with skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) often showing discrepant results, and oral food challenges (OFC) have long waiting times and potentially severe reactions. We aimed to assess the accuracy of the basophil activation test (BAT) to diagnose sesame seed allergy. Children aged 6 months to 15 years, needing an OFC to sesame were included. All had OFC to sesame alongside SPT, sIgE to sesame and to Ses i 1, and BAT to sesame. Diagnostic performance was determined by ROC curve analyses, in comparison with OFC outcomes. Thirty children reacted to (32% sesame allergic, SA) and 65 tolerated (68% sesame sensitised tolerant, SST) sesame during OFC and 5 (5%) had an indeterminate OFC. SPT to sesame extract or tahini, Ses i 1-sIgE and BAT to sesame (but not sesame-sIgE) distinguished SA and SST. The area under the ROC curve for all ages/under 2 years was 0.852/0.901 for BAT, 0.820/0.877 for Ses i 1-sIgE, 0.823/0.864 for SPT to tahini and 0.614/0.716 for sesame-sIgE. BAT was the only test whose negative result accurately identified all tolerant children. Using 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity cut-offs, BAT required the lowest number of OFC. Using SPT and Ses i 1-IgE to reduce BAT did not change the number of OFC. BAT was the only test whose negative results allowed to safely advise on home introduction and required the lowest number of OFC to reach 100% diagnostic accuracy.31:T861,ABSTRACT Background Sesame seed allergy is growing with reported fatalities. The diagnosis can be difficult with skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) often showing discrepant results, and oral food challenges (OFC) have long waiting times and potentially severe reactions. We aimed to assess the accuracy of the basophil activation test (BAT) to diagnose sesame seed allergy. Methods Children aged 6 months to 15 years, needing an OFC to sesame were included. All had OFC to sesame alongside SPT, sIgE to sesame and to Ses i 1, and BAT to sesame. Diagnostic performance was determined by ROC curve analyses, in comparison with OFC outcomes. Results Thirty children reacted to (32% sesame allergic, SA) and 65 tolerated (68% sesame sensitised tolerant, SST) sesame during OFC and 5 (5%) had an indeterminate OFC. SPT to sesame extract or tahini, Ses i 1‐sIgE and BAT to sesame (but not sesame‐sIgE) distinguished SA and SST. The area under the ROC curve for all ages/under 2 years was 0.852/0.901 for BAT, 0.820/0.877 for Ses i 1‐sIgE, 0.823/0.864 for SPT to tahini and 0.614/0.716 for sesame‐sIgE. BAT was the only test whose negative result accurately identified all tolerant children. Using 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity cut‐offs, BAT required the lowest number of OFC. Using SPT and Ses i 1‐IgE to reduce BAT did not change the number of OFC. Conclusions BAT was the only test whose negative results allowed to safely advise on home introduction and required the lowest number of OFC to reach 100% diagnostic accuracy. 32:T65c,Cow's milk allergy is the most common food allergy worldwide and the top cause of food anaphylaxis fatalities. Identifying patients at higher risk of severe symptoms as well as patients with a lower threshold of reactivity would improve their management. We aimed to assess the utility of putative biomarkers to identify these high-risk patients. The severity of allergic reactions to baked milk (BM) and to fresh milk (FM) during oral food challenges (OFC) was assessed prospectively during the BAT2 study (NCT03309488), according to the Practall guidelines. Demographic, clinical and immunological parameters were compared between severe/non-severe and higher/lower threshold reactors to BM or FM. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analyses were performed to measure the accuracy of biomarkers with discriminative ability. Seventy-one children reacted to cow's milk: 22 (15%) to BM and 49 (43%) to FM. Seven (32%) and 12 (24%) reactors had severe symptoms during OFC to BM and FM, respectively. The median cumulative dose of milk protein tolerated was 0.44 g for BM and 0.143 g for FM. The basophil activation test (BAT) was the only biomarker that could distinguish severity and threshold groups. BAT optimal cut-offs had 71% sensitivity and 100% specificity to identify severe reactors to BM and 96% sensitivity and 41% specificity to identify children reacting to 0.143 g or less of FM. BAT was the only biomarker for severity and threshold of allergic reactions to BM and FM, respectively. Once applied to clinical practice, BAT can help risk-stratify cow's milk allergic patients and improve their management.33:T10be,ABSTRACT Background Cow's milk allergy is the most common food allergy worldwide and the top cause of food anaphylaxis fatalities. Identifying patients at higher risk of severe symptoms as well as patients with a lower threshold of reactivity would improve their management. We aimed to assess the utility of putative biomarkers to identify these high‐risk patients. Methods The severity of allergic reactions to baked milk ( BM ) and to fresh milk ( FM ) during oral food challenges ( OFC ) was assessed prospectively during the BAT2 study ( NCT03309488 ), according to the Practall guidelines. Demographic, clinical and immunological parameters were compared between severe/non‐severe and higher/lower threshold reactors to BM or FM . Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analyses were performed to measure the accuracy of biomarkers with discriminative ability. Results Seventy‐one children reacted to cow's milk: 22 (15%) to BM and 49 (43%) to FM . Seven (32%) and 12 (24%) reactors had severe symptoms during OFC to BM and FM , respectively. The median cumulative dose of milk protein tolerated was 0.44 g for BM and 0.143 g for FM . The basophil activation test ( BAT ) was the only biomarker that could distinguish severity and threshold groups. BAT optimal cut‐offs had 71% sensitivity and 100% specificity to identify severe reactors to BM and 96% sensitivity and 41% specificity to identify children reacting to 0.143 g or less of FM . Conclusions BAT was the only biomarker for severity and threshold of allergic reactions to BM and FM, respectively. Once applied to clinical practice, BAT can help risk‐stratify cow's milk allergic patients and improve their management. 25:[[["$","script","0",{"type":"application/ld+json","dangerouslySetInnerHTML":{"__html":"{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"CollectionPage\",\"name\":\"Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study: study design Research & Clinical Takeaways\",\"description\":\"Explore peer-reviewed papers on Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study (study design). Clinician-written summaries and actionable practice insights. 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Difficile Colonization","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"condition","value":"Clostridioides Difficile Infection","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"modality","value":"DNA Nucleic Acid Amplification Test","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"modality","value":"GDH/Toxin Enzyme Immunoassay","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"modality","value":"Reverse-Transcriptase PCR","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"modality","value":"RNA Nucleic Acid Amplification Test","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=239","value_numeric":239},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"warning","value":"Adjudication of discordant results relied on blinded chart review rather than a reference-standard cytotoxicity neutralization assay, which may introduce misclassification bias.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"warning","value":"Age group tagged as 'adult' based on hospital-acquired infection context; the paper does not explicitly state patient age demographics.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"warning","value":"Impact flag 'practice_changing' applied tentatively — the assay is promising but has not yet been validated in larger, multicenter studies.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1093/cid/ciag482","tag_type":"warning","value":"The RNA-NAAT described is novel and not yet commercially available; clinical adoption awaits regulatory clearance and multi-site validation.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"A novel multiplexed reverse-transcriptase PCR assay (RNA-NAAT) targeting *C. difficile*-specific mRNA sequences was evaluated against standard diagnostics — GDH/toxin EIA, DNA-NAAT, and two-step algorithms — in 239 clinical stool samples from patients undergoing standard-of-care *C. diff* testing.","key_result":"RNA-NAAT achieved higher sensitivity than DNA-NAAT (100% vs 88.2%) and higher specificity than toxin EIA (99.5% vs 98.2%), with significantly fewer false positives (1 vs 7); no cross-reactivity was observed with other GI pathogens or commensal flora.","limitations":"Single-center sequential sample design limits generalizability; discordant results (n=14) were adjudicated by chart review rather than a true gold-standard culture/cytotoxicity assay; sample size is modest (n=239 evaluable).","practice_takeaway":"An mRNA-based *C. diff* test may reduce both missed diagnoses and unnecessary treatment of colonized patients better than current EIA or DNA-NAAT strategies. Clinicians should watch for this assay as a potential replacement for the imperfect two-step algorithm, pending broader validation."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","pmid":"42547165","title":"The MagMa Study","journal_title":"JACC: Heart Failure","journal_issn":"2213-1779","published_at":"2026-08-03T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","source_score":18,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-08-11T13:26:12.640Z","updated_at":"2026-08-11T13:26:12.640Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"category","value":"Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cardiomyopathy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"condition","value":"Dilated Cardiomyopathy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"condition","value":"Nondilated Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"condition","value":"Restrictive Cardiomyopathy","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"limited_evidence","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"modality","value":"Magnetocardiography","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=330","value_numeric":330},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"warning","value":"Control subjects (n=220) were incorporated via matching from an existing pool rather than prospectively enrolled, which may introduce selection bias.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study is likely single-center based on the description; generalizability to other settings with different MCG equipment or operators is unclear.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"warning","value":"The MagMa trial registry (NCT06689098) title references myocarditis, but the abstract and results focus on cardiomyopathy subtypes; it is unclear whether myocarditis cases were separately analyzed or included within CM categories.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1016/j.jchf.2026.103182","tag_type":"warning","value":"The MCG score threshold (T-beg-Tmax ≥0.051) was derived from prior retrospective studies by the same investigator group, which may inflate reported diagnostic accuracy figures — independent prospective validation is lacking.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This prospective study evaluated magnetocardiography (MCG) as a screening tool for cardiomyopathy (CM) in 110 adults with angina-like symptoms after exclusion of coronary artery disease, compared against advanced imaging and/or endomyocardial biopsy, with 220 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (total N=330).","key_result":"MCG detected CM with 94.74% sensitivity (95% CI: 85%–99%), 98.54% specificity (95% CI: 96%–100%), 93.1% NPV, and 94.34% PPV. In 3 patients where cardiac MRI missed CM, MCG findings matched endomyocardial biopsy results. Reproducibility was high (statistical uncertainty: 2.5%).","limitations":"Single-center prospective study with a relatively small patient cohort (n=110 suspected CM cases); control subjects were incorporated retrospectively via matching rather than prospectively enrolled; the MCG score threshold was derived from prior retrospective work by the same group, raising the risk of optimistic performance estimates.","practice_takeaway":"MCG may serve as a rapid, noninvasive first-pass screen for cardiomyopathy after ruling out ischemic disease — potentially guiding which patients warrant advanced imaging like cardiac MRI. Clinicians should note this is early-phase evidence; independent validation in larger, multi-center cohorts is needed before broad adoption."}},{"doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","pmid":"42166152","title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of a Retinal Birefringence Scanning Device Compared With a Traditional Autorefraction Device","journal_title":"JAMA Ophthalmology","journal_issn":"2168-6165","published_at":"2026-05-21T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13195499/","source_score":12,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-07-20T13:35:44.529Z","updated_at":"2026-07-20T13:35:44.529Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"age_group","value":"pediatric","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"brand","value":"Blinq","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"brand","value":"Spot Vision Screener","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"category","value":"Ophthalmology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"condition","value":"Amblyopia","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"condition","value":"Strabismus","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"condition","value":"Visually Significant Refractive Error","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"generic","value":"retinal birefringence scanner","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"confirms_prior","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"modality","value":"Autorefraction Photoscreening","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"modality","value":"Retinal Birefringence Scanning","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=139","value_numeric":139},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"warning","value":"Randomization was for testing order, not treatment assignment; this is a diagnostic accuracy study, not an RCT despite the randomized element.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"warning","value":"Study enrolled children up to age 18 but the RBS device's FDA clearance is for ages 2–8; performance outside that age range may not be valid for the Blinq device.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"warning","value":"The Blinq device (Rebion) is the commercial successor to the Pediatric Vision Scanner; the FDA regulatory data in the appendix (sensitivity 88.81%, specificity 91.74% in a 2013 pivotal trial) should not be conflated with the 2024–2025 JAMA study results.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2026.1531","tag_type":"warning","value":"The full text embedded in the paper contains an FDA De Novo classification document for the Pediatric Vision Scanner (Rebiscan, 2013), which is a separate regulatory document unrelated to the JAMA Ophthalmology study. Summary and tags reflect the JAMA Ophthalmology study only.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This prospective, randomized, masked diagnostic accuracy cohort study compared the Spot Vision Screener (traditional autorefraction) vs. the Blinq vision scanner (retinal birefringence scanning, RBS) for detecting amblyopia, strabismus, or visually significant refractive error (VSRE) in 139 children ≤18 years (median age 50 months) referred to a pediatric ophthalmology clinic (January 2024–February 2025).","key_result":"The traditional autorefractor showed higher sensitivity than the RBS device for amblyopia (+29%; P=.03) and VSRE (+41%; P<.001), with no difference for strabismus. No difference in specificity was found for any condition. The AUROC favored the traditional device for amblyopia (difference −0.13; 95% CI, −0.23 to −0.03; P=.01). Condition prevalence: amblyopia 15.1%, strabismus 32.4%, VSRE 30.1%.","limitations":"- Single-site study at a tertiary pediatric ophthalmology referral center, limiting generalizability to primary care or community screening settings.\n- High-risk, referred population (not general population), inflating disease prevalence and potentially skewing sensitivity/specificity estimates.\n- 56 of 195 enrolled participants (29%) did not complete both tests, introducing possible selection bias.","practice_takeaway":"In a referred pediatric population, the traditional autorefraction device (Spot Vision Screener) detected amblyopia and refractive errors more reliably than the retinal birefringence scanner (Blinq), with no trade-off in specificity. Clinicians should not assume the newer RBS technology offers a meaningful screening advantage over established photoscreeners for comprehensive pediatric vision screening."}},{"doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","pmid":"42113186","title":"Non-contrast abbreviated MRI demonstrates superior diagnostic accuracy compared to ultrasound for hepatocellular carcinoma detection: Interim results from a prospective surveillance trial","journal_title":"Hepatology","journal_issn":"0270-9139","published_at":"2026-05-11T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"pubmed":true,"crossref":true,"unpaywall":true},"created_at":"2026-05-15T13:23:15.108Z","updated_at":"2026-05-15T13:23:15.108Z","tags":[{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"age_group","value":"adult","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"category","value":"Gastroenterology & Hepatology","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"condition","value":"Cirrhosis","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"condition","value":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"impact_flag","value":"practice_changing","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"level_of_evidence","value":"2","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"modality","value":"Abbreviated MRI","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"modality","value":"Ultrasound","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"sample_size","value":"n=404","value_numeric":404},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"sex","value":"mixed","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"study_design","value":"Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"warning","value":"The impact_flag 'practice_changing' reflects the magnitude of the diagnostic findings but is applied cautiously—the authors themselves note guideline recommendations require further outcome-level evidence.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"warning","value":"These are interim results from an ongoing trial (NCT05716620); final conclusions should await complete enrollment and follow-up data.","value_numeric":null},{"paper_doi":"10.1097/hep.0000000000001788","tag_type":"warning","value":"Verification bias is a significant concern: CE-MRI (reference standard) was only performed in screen-positive patients, which may artificially inflate sensitivity and specificity estimates for both modalities.","value_numeric":null}],"summaries":{"what_studied":"This prospective single-center diagnostic accuracy trial compared non-contrast abbreviated MRI (AMRI) vs. ultrasound (US) for HCC surveillance in 404 cirrhotic patients with annual HCC risk >5%, across two screening rounds six months apart (614 paired exams); contrast-enhanced MRI served as the reference standard.","key_result":"AMRI showed markedly higher per-patient sensitivity (94.6% vs. 51.4%) and specificity (96.6% vs. 69.5%) than US (both p<0.001), with AUROC 0.956 vs. 0.604. Per-lesion detection was 94.9% vs. 51.3% (37/39 vs. 20/39 HCCs), and 97.3% of AMRI-detected HCCs were early-stage (BCLC 0 or A). Interobserver agreement was κ=0.929 (AMRI) vs. κ=0.631 (US).","limitations":"- Single-center design limits generalizability.\n- Verification bias: only patients with a positive screen or clinical suspicion underwent reference-standard CE-MRI, so false negatives in screen-negative patients may be undercounted.\n- Interim results only; patient-level outcome data (survival, transplant rates) are not yet available.","practice_takeaway":"Non-contrast AMRI detects nearly twice as many HCCs as ultrasound in cirrhotic patients and catches most tumors at an early, potentially curable stage—making it a compelling surveillance tool. However, guideline adoption should await prospective trials confirming improved patient-level outcomes."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70349","pmid":"42037009","title":"Optimising the Diagnosis of Sesame Seed Allergy With the Basophil Activation Test","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2026-04-27T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70349","source_score":7,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-05-01","doi":"10.1111/all.70349","days":"14","issn":"0105-4538","rank":"8","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"7","category":"Allergy","categories":["Allergy"],"_categories":["Allergy"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/all.70349","title":"Optimising the Diagnosis of Sesame Seed Allergy With the Basophil Activation Test.","journal":"Allergy","methods":"","results":"Thirty children reacted to (32% sesame allergic, SA) and 65 tolerated (68% sesame sensitised tolerant, SST) sesame during OFC and 5 (5%) had an indeterminate OFC. SPT to sesame extract or tahini, Ses i 1-sIgE and BAT to sesame (but not sesame-sIgE) distinguished SA and SST. The area under the ROC curve for all ages/under 2 years was 0.852/0.901 for BAT, 0.820/0.877 for Ses i 1-sIgE, 0.823/0.864 for SPT to tahini and 0.614/0.716 for sesame-sIgE. BAT was the only test whose negative result accurately identified all tolerant children. Using 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity cut-offs, BAT required the lowest number of OFC. Using SPT and Ses i 1-IgE to reduce BAT did not change the number of OFC.","abstract":"$30","keywords":["anaphylaxis","basophil activation test","food allergy","oral food challenge","sesame"],"pubmed_id":"42037009","conclusions":"","publication_date":"2026-04-27T00:00:00"},"crossref":{"DOI":"10.1111/all.70349","URL":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70349","ISSN":["0105-4538","1398-9995"],"link":[{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/all.70349","content-type":"application/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/all.70349","content-type":"application/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/all.70349","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"page":null,"type":"journal-article","issue":null,"score":1,"title":["Optimising the Diagnosis of Sesame Seed 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BAT should be considered the preferred first-line confirmatory test in children with suspected sesame allergy, especially those under 2 years.","what_studied":"The diagnostic accuracy of the basophil activation test (BAT) vs. skin prick test (SPT), sesame-specific IgE (sIgE), and Ses i 1-sIgE for sesame seed allergy was assessed in children aged 6 months to 15 years who required an oral food challenge (OFC), using OFC outcome as the reference standard.","key_result":"BAT achieved the highest AUC (0.852 overall; 0.901 in under-2s) and was the only test whose negative result correctly identified all sesame-tolerant children, requiring the fewest OFCs for 100% diagnostic accuracy. Sesame-sIgE performed poorly (AUC 0.614 overall; 0.716 under-2s). Of 100 children, 30 (32%) were sesame allergic and 65 (68%) were sensitised but tolerant on OFC.","limitations":"Single-centre study with a relatively small sample (n=100, only 30 allergic); 5% had indeterminate OFC outcomes, which were excluded from analysis. The population was pre-selected (all needed OFC), limiting generalisability to unselected or community populations."}},{"doi":"10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115114","pmid":"42025790","title":"Neonatal Pulse Oximetry Accuracy and Disparities by Skin Pigmentation (NeoPODS): A Prospective Study","journal_title":"The Journal of Pediatrics","journal_issn":"0022-3476","published_at":"2026-04-24T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115114","source_score":129,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":false,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2026-04-25","doi":"10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115114","days":"30","issn":"0022-3476","rank":"9","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"129","category":"Pediatrics","categories":["Pediatrics"],"_categories":["Pediatrics"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jpeds.2026.115114","title":"Neonatal Pulse Oximetry Accuracy and Disparities by Skin Pigmentation (NeoPODS): A Prospective Study.","journal":"The Journal of pediatrics","methods":"","results":"A total of 136 matched SpO","abstract":"To assess pulse oximetry saturation (SpO\nWe conducted a prospective, diagnostic accuracy study at 2 tertiary neonatal intensive care units between 2022-2025 to assess SpO\nA total of 136 matched SpO\nIn this prospective neonatal study with tightly paired measurements, SpO","keywords":[],"pubmed_id":"42025790","conclusions":"In this prospective neonatal study with tightly paired measurements, 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No statistically significant bias differences were found across racial or categorical skin-pigmentation groups. A weak continuous trend toward less negative bias with lighter skin was significant only by ITA (slope +0.016/ITA unit, p=0.041) in first-measurement-only analyses. Occult hypoxemia occurred in just 1 patient (with light skin).","limitations":"- Small sample (n=70 patients, 136 pairs) limits power to detect modest skin-pigmentation-related differences.\n- SpO2 timing relied on timestamps or the most stable 30-second window, introducing potential measurement imprecision.\n- Single-country, 2-center NICU setting may limit generalizability to other care environments.","practice_takeaway":"Pulse oximetry slightly underestimates true arterial saturation in newborns, but this study found no clinically meaningful racial or skin-pigmentation disparity in NICU neonates. Clinicians should remain aware of overall SpO2 underestimation bias, though occult hypoxemia driven by skin pigmentation appears rare in this population."}},{"doi":"10.1111/all.70175","pmid":"41410184","title":"Basophil Activation Test as Biomarker of Severity and Threshold of Allergic Reactions to Cow's Milk During Oral Food Challenges","journal_title":"Allergy","journal_issn":"0105-4538","published_at":"2025-12-18T00:00:00.000Z","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/all.70175","source_score":11,"is_retracted":false,"is_open_access":true,"raw_metadata":{"ooir":{"day":"2025-12-21","doi":"10.1111/all.70175","days":"30","issn":"0105-4538","rank":"5","field":"Clinical Medicine","score":"11","category":"Allergy","categories":["Allergy"],"_categories":["Allergy"]},"pubmed":{"doi":"10.1111/all.70175","title":"Basophil Activation Test as Biomarker of Severity and Threshold of Allergic Reactions to Cow's Milk During Oral Food Challenges.","journal":"Allergy","methods":"","results":"Seventy-one children reacted to cow's milk: 22 (15%) to BM and 49 (43%) to FM. Seven (32%) and 12 (24%) reactors had severe symptoms during OFC to BM and FM, respectively. The median cumulative dose of milk protein tolerated was 0.44 g for BM and 0.143 g for FM. The basophil activation test (BAT) was the only biomarker that could distinguish severity and threshold groups. 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