This scoping review examined how a gender perspective is integrated into child-to-parent violence (CPV) research published from 2010 to 2025, searching Scopus, Web of Science, Dialnet Plus, and PsycInfo. It mapped the types of gender approaches used across included studies.
82 studies were included, mostly from Spain using community samples with adolescents as informants. The most common approach was analyzing sex differences in violence type, frequency, and psychological characteristics. The next most frequent was gender-specific modeling (separate models for mothers/fathers or sons/daughters). Explicit examination of gender norms and roles was the least common approach.
- Most included studies were from Spain, limiting generalizability to other contexts. - The review describes the gender approaches used but does not systematically assess study quality or risk of bias. - Scoping review methodology precludes meta-analytic synthesis of effect sizes.
Current CPV research rarely addresses structural gender norms or power dynamics explicitly — clinicians and program designers should look beyond sex as a demographic variable and consider how gender roles shape both aggression patterns and victimization in families. Interventions should be designed with gender-sensitive frameworks that account for differential dynamics for mothers vs. fathers and sons vs. daughters.
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