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Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America·August 6
Infectious DiseasesLimited evidenceBuruli UlcerMycobacterium Marinum InfectionNontuberculous Mycobacterial Skin And Soft Tissue InfectionNarrative ReviewAntimycobacterial Combination TherapyMixed

Summary

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What was studied

This review evaluates the epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), with attention to rapidly growing mycobacteria, *M. marinum*, and *M. ulcerans*.

Key findings

Rapidly growing mycobacteria predominate in iatrogenic and health care-associated NTM SSTIs; *M. marinum* and *M. ulcerans* are linked to aquatic exposure. Diagnostic delay is a universal challenge due to nonspecific presentations and the need for specialized lab techniques. Treatment requires pathogen-specific combination regimens.

Study limitations

As a narrative review, no primary data or outcomes are reported; findings are synthesis-level only and subject to selection bias in source literature.

Clinical implications

Maintain a high index of suspicion for NTM SSTIs in patients with nonhealing wounds, prior aquatic exposure, or healthcare-associated procedures — early specialized laboratory workup is critical. Treatment must be tailored to the specific NTM pathogen using combination regimens.

Related Questions

Explore related topics

What are the recommended combination antibiotic regimens for rapidly growing mycobacterial skin infections?How do I diagnose Mycobacterium marinum infection after aquatic exposure?What are the treatment options for Mycobacterium ulcerans (Buruli ulcer) skin infections?

Publication Details

Year
2026
Journal
Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
Source
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