This bioinformatics study used integrative multi-omics and network toxicology to identify shared molecular targets between bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), using public gene databases, the GSE103552 dataset, machine learning feature selection, immune infiltration analysis, and validation by RT-qPCR and single-cell RNA sequencing.
34 overlapping genes were identified between BPA targets and GDM-associated genes; five core genes — HSPA8, NR3C1, ITGB1, NOTCH2, and POU5F1 — showed robust diagnostic performance. RT-qPCR confirmed HSPA8 downregulation and NR3C1 and NOTCH2 upregulation in GDM tissue, with hub genes correlating significantly with immune cell infiltration levels.
- No direct patient-level BPA exposure data; BPA targets were derived from databases rather than measured in subjects. - Bioinformatics/computational study design limits causal inference between BPA and GDM. - Sample sizes for RT-qPCR validation are not reported in the abstract.
HSPA8, NR3C1, and NOTCH2 are candidate biomarkers linking environmental BPA exposure to GDM via immune-metabolic pathways, but findings are hypothesis-generating only and require prospective clinical validation before any clinical use.
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